ROLL.NO- 2021/09/305 B.COM(HONS.

),SEC-B/SEMESTER-1

TOPIC-
BANKING SECTOR
BY – AAKASH JAIN
 TYPES OF BANKS-
1.Central Bank
2.Development Banks
3.Commercial Banks
4.Payment Banks
5.Small Finance Banks
6.Public Sector Banks
7.Private Sector Banks
 WHAT IS NPA?
A nonperforming asset (NPA) refers to a classification for loans or advances that are in default or in arrears. A loan is in
arrears when principal or interest payments are late or missed. A loan is in default when the lender considers the loan
agreement to be broken and the debtor is unable to meet his obligations.

KEY TAKEAWAYS
 Nonperforming assets (NPAs) are recorded on a bank's balance sheet after a prolonged period of non-payment by the
borrower.
 NPAs place financial burden on the lender; a significant number of NPAs over a period of time may indicate to regulators
that the financial fitness of the bank is in jeopardy.
 NPAs can be classified as a substandard asset, doubtful asset, or loss asset, depending on the length of time overdue and
probability of repayment.
 Lenders have options to recover their losses, including taking possession of any collateral or selling off the loan at a
significant discount to a collection agency.
Central Bank
Central Bank of India (CBI) is an Indian nationalized bank. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Finance , Government
of India and is one of the oldest and largest nationalized commercial banks in India. It is based in Mumbai, the financial
capital of India and capital city of state of Maharashtra.
Despite its name it is not the central bank of India; the Indian central bank is the Reserve Bank of India.
Although the NDA government has generally favored mergers among public sector banks in India, Central Bank of India
has remained a separate entity owing to its pan-India presence. CBI is one of twelve public sector banks in India that was
recapitalized in 2009.

Functions of a Central Bank(RBI)

• Regulator of Currency
• Banker, Fiscal Agent and Adviser to the Government
• Custodian of Cash Reserves of Commercial Banks
• Custody and Management of Foreign Exchange Reserves
• Lender of the Last Resort
• Clearing House for Transfer and Settlement
• Controller of Credit

CENTRAL BANK OF INDIA IS A FULLY STATED OWNED COMMERCIAL BANK AND IS DIFFERENT FROM RESERVE
BANK OF INDIA WHICH IS THE APEX BANK AND A REGULATORY BODY NOT A COMMERCIAL BANK
CENTRAL BANK’S NPA
The Central Bank of India's gross
non-performing assets were valued
at approximately 293 billion Indian
rupees by the end of fiscal year
2021. This was a slight decrease
compared to the 326 billion rupees
worth NPAs in the previous fiscal
year.
DEVELOPMENT BANKS
Development banks are financial institutions that provide long-term credit. They are also known as term-lending institutions or development finance institutions.
It generally supports capital-intensive investments spread over a long period and yielding low rates of return.

Examples of development banks in India:

1. Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI),AT PRESENT A NBFC
2. State Finance Corporations (SFCs),AT PRESENT A COMMERCIAL BANK
3. Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI),AT PRESENT A COMMERCIAL BANK
4. Unit Trust of India (UTI)
5. Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India (IRBI)/ Industrial Investment Bank of India (IIBI)
6. Export-Import (EXIM) Bank of India and a Few Others.

 It is a specialized financial institution.

 It provides medium and long term finance to business units.
 Unlike commercial banks, it does not accept deposits from the public.
 It is not just a term-lending institution. It is a multi-purpose financial institution.
 It is essentially a development-oriented bank. Its primary object is to promote economic development by promoting investment and
entrepreneurial activity in a developing economy. It encourages new and small entrepreneurs and seeks balanced regional growth.
 It provides financial assistance not only to the private sector but also to the public sector undertakings.
 It aims at promoting the saving and investment habit in the community.
 It does not compete with the normal channels of finance, i.e., finance already made available by the banks and other conventional financial
institutions. Its major role is of a gap-filler, I.e., to fill up the deficiencies of the existing financial facilities.
 Its motive is to serve public interest rather than to make profits. It works in the general interest of the nation.
DEVELOPMENT BANKS NPA
In fiscal year 2021, the Small Industries
Development Bank of India (SIDBI) had a net non-
performing asset ratio of 0.12 percent. This was a
significant decrease compared to the previous year.
The bank acts as the principal financial institution
for the promotion, financing and development of the
micro, small and medium sector enterprises in the
country.

The Gross NPA ratio of IDBI improved to 20.92 % as of

September 30, 2021, as against 25.08% as of September
30, 2020. Gross NPA stood at 21.48% as of June 30,
2021. The net NPA ratio improved to 1.62% as of
September 30, 2021, as against 2.67% as of September
30, 2020, and 1.56% as of June 30, 2021.
COMMERCIAL BANKS
A commercial bank is a financial institution which accepts deposits from the public and gives loans for the purposes of
consumption and investment to make profit.It can also refer to a bank, or a division of a large bank, which deals with
corporations or large/middle-sized business to differentiate it from a retail bank and an investment bank. Commercial banks
include private sector banks and public sector banks.

Functions of Commercial Banks

 Accepting Deposits
 Demand deposits, also known as current accounts
 Fixed Deposits or Time Deposits
 Savings Bank Deposits
 Giving Loans
 By allowing an Overdraft
 By Creating a Deposit
 Discounting Bills
 Remitting Funds
 Safe Custody
 Agency Functions
 Letters of Credit
Payments banks
Payments banks is an Indian new model of banks conceptualized by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) without issuing credit.
These banks can accept a restricted deposit, which is currently limited to ₹200,000 per customer and may be increased
further. These banks cannot issue loans and credit cards. Both current account and savings accounts can be operated by such
banks. Payments banks can issue ATM cards or debit cards and provide online or mobile banking. Bharti Airtel set up India's
first payments bank, Airtel Payments Bank.
India currently has 6 Payment Banks namely, Airtel Payment Bank, India Post Payment Bank, Fino, Paytm Payment Bank,
NSDL Payment Bank and Jio Payment Bank.

 THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT
INFORMATION ABOUT NPA
BECAUSE THEY DO NOT PROVIDE
CREDIT FACILITIES TO ITS
CUSTOMERS
FEATURES OF PAYMENT BANKS
• can accept deposits up to a maximum of Rs. 2 lakh from a customer.
• will be entitled to issue ATM or debit cards to their customers but cannot issue a credit card.
• will be authorized to open both savings and current accounts of their customers.
• cannot provide loans or lending services to customers.
• cannot accept deposits from the Non-Resident Indians (NRIs)
• will be allowed to make personal payments and receive remittances from the cross border on the current accounts
• will have to deposit the amount in the form of a Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) with RBI as other commercial banks do.
• will have to invest a minimum of 75% of its demand deposits in government treasury/securities bills with maturity up to one year and hold
a maximum of 25 %in currents and fixed deposits with other commercial banks for operational purposes.
• can provide the Facility of utility bill payments to its customers and the general public
• can not open subsidiaries to undertake Non-Banking Financial Services activities.
• with approval from RBI, can work as a partner with other commercial banks and also can sell mutual funds, pension products, and
insurance products.
• must use the word "Payments Bank" in their names to look different from other banks.
• will be allowed to provide internet banking and mobile banking facility to their customers
• can become a business representative of any other bank, but it will have to comply with the guidelines of the Reserve Bank of India
• can accept remittances to be sent to or receive remittances from multiple banks through payment mechanism approved by RBI, such as
RTGS / NEFT / IMPS.
Small Finance Banks
Small Finance Banks is a specific segment of banking created by RBI under the guidance of Government of India with an
objective of furthering financial inclusion by primarily undertaking basic banking activities to un-served and underserved
sections including small business units, small and marginal farmers, micro and small industries and unorganized entities. Like
other commercial banks, these banks can undertake all basic banking activities including lending and taking deposits.

Some of the operational Small Finance

Banks in India are as follows.

 Ujjivan Small Finance Bank.

 Janalakshmi Small Finance Bank.
 Equitas Small Finance Bank.
 A U Small Finance Bank.
 Capital Small Finance Bank.
 ESAF Small Finance Bank.
 Utkarsh Small Finance Bank.
 Suryoday Small Finance Bank.
 Salient Regulatory features of Small Finance Banks

• These banks can be promoted by individuals, corporate houses, trusts or societies.

• Promoters should have 10 years’ experience in banking and finance and they should have a capital stake of 40% of equity
which must be brought down to 26% over a period of 12 years.
• Joint ventures are not permitted. Foreign shareholding will be allowed in these banks as per the Foreign Direct
Investment rules in private banks in India.
• Existing Non-banking Financial Companies, NBFCs, Micro Finance Institutions (MFI) and Local Area Banks (LAB)may
convert themselves to become small finance banks by making applications to RBI.
• These Small Finance Banks need to be registered as Public Limited Companies under The Companies Act, 2013 and
Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and other relevant statutes, are applicable to them.
• The banks will not be restricted to any region. 75% of its Net Credit should be lent to Priority Sector and 50% of its loans
should be in the range of up to Rs. 25 lakhs.
• The Small Payment Banks should have capital of at least Rs. 100 crore.
• At net worth of Rs. 500 crore, listing will be mandatory within three years.
• Those Small finance banks having net worth of below Rs.500 crore could also get their shares listed voluntarily
NPA OF SMALL FINANCE BANKS
The Ujjivan Small Finance Bank’s gross non-performing assets (NPAs) shot
up to 9.8 per cent of the gross advances as of June 30, 2021, as against 1 per
cent at the end of June 2020.

there was a rise in Equitas Small Finance Bank 's bad loans proportion with
the gross non-performing assets (NPAs) moving up to 4.64 per cent in
Q2FY22 as compared to 2.39 per cent in Q2FY21 and 4.58 per cent in
Q1FY22.

According to the financial statement of the bank, the gross non-performing

assets (NPAs) spiked to 4.25 per cent of gross advances as of March 31,
2021, from 1.68 per cent in the same period last year. Net NPAs or bad
loans also soared to 2.18 per cent from 0.81 per cent. Provisions for bad
loans and contingencies, meanwhile, was raised to Rs 177.78 crore from Rs
150.57 crore earlier.
PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS
Public Sector Banks (PSBs) are a major type of government owned banks in India, where a majority stake (i.e. more than
50%) is held by the Ministry of Finance of the Government of India or State Ministry of Finance of various State
Governments of India. The officers working for these entities and their subsidiaries are gazetted officers. The employees
subordinate to the officers working for these respective entities and their subsidiaries are also full-fledged government
employees. The shares of these banks are listed on stock exchanges. Their main objective is social welfare

Examples:
1.Bank of Baroda
MAIN FEATURE
These undertakings are owned and operated by the Central and State
2. Bank of India
Governments.
3. Bank of Maharashtra
4. Canara Bank
5. Central Bank of India
6.Indian Bank
7.Indian Overseas Bank
8. Punjab and Sind Bank
9.Punjab National Bank
10.State Bank of India
11.UCO Bank
12.Union Bank of India
 PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS NPA
Indian public sector banks
collectively owed approximately 6.17
trillion Indian rupees in non-
performing assets in fiscal year 2021.
This value was much higher, at
around 7.5 trillion rupees in the 2019
fiscal year, indicating a slow but
slight relief for India's economy in
terms of non-paying assets at public
banks.
PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS
Private Sector Banks are those banks in which the majority of the stake is held by shareholders of the bank and not by the
government. RBL bank, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Yes Bank, etc. are the private sector banks in India. They provide all the
banking products and services to the customers. These products include Fixed Deposit, Savings Deposit, RD, Home Loan,
Personal Loan, Car Loan, Locker, Demat Facilities, Debit/ Credit Card, ATM, Foreign Exchange Transactions, Insurance,
Wealth Management, Net Banking, etc. Private banks are known for introducing information technology in the banking
system.

FEATURES
• The private sector is run by individuals or firms and not the government.
Some of its types include sole proprietorship, company, and partnership
firms.
• The capital for the private business is arranged by the business owners,
shareholders, bank loans, or any combinations of the above.
• As opposed to the public sector that the government operates, the primary
objectives of the private sector are profit maximization and acting in the
best interest of the stakeholders.
• Although focused on profit maximization, private firms help in economic
development by enhancing the GDP, employment rate, per capita income,
infrastructural facilities, etc.
 PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS NPA
In fiscal year 2021, the value of gross
non-performing assets of private banks
across India amounted to over two trillion
Indian rupees. In fiscal year 2020, for the
first time the value of gross NPA reached
more than two trillion Indian rupees.
Non-performing assets have posed a big
problem for banks in India and experts
point that this crisis had been long in the
making. Since more banks are facing a
problem of risky or non-performing
assets, the profitability and solvency of
banks has gone down.
BEST PERFORMING BANKS

Not one PSU bank in the top 5 lenders

#1 HDFC Bank
HDFC Bank is India's largest private sector bank by assets
and by market capitalization. HDFC Bank holds the
distinction of reporting more than 20% YoY profit growth

with lowest NPAs

every quarter for over 40 quarters. All this while, its net
NPAs have never crossed 0.5% of loans!

#2 IndusInd Bank
The bank's net NPA ratio, like in the case of HDFC Bank,
has consistently stayed below 0.5% over the past five
years.
#3 Kotak Bank
In its latest quarterly results, the bank's asset quality weakened as gross NPAs stood at
3.56%. However, net NPAs still came in below 1.5% at 1.28%.The bank's Covid-19
related provisions stand at Rs 12.8 bn in accordance with the Resolution Framework for
Covid-19 and MSME announced by RBI. It has also implemented a total restructuring
of Rs 5.5 bn as of 30 June 2021.

#4 Federal Bank
Its slippage ratio also came in at 1.6%, lower than 1.7% in 2020 and the management
has guided further similar slippage ratio for FY22, in line with its historical trend. In the
latest quarterly results, the bank's gross NPAs rose to 3.5% while its net NPAs increased
marginally to 1.23% largely due to the Covid-19 related challenges faced by borrowers.

#5 ICICI Bank
The bank's net NPAs have stayed around 2% in the last decade with an exception in the
years 2017 and 2018 where it saw high additions to NPAs in its corporate and small and
medium enterprises loan portfolio. With the onset of Covid-19 during 2021, the bank
did see an impact on asset quality across segments, resulting in an uptick in the overall
fresh NPAs. However, despite a rise in slippages, the net NPAs remained lower at
1.14% as on 31 March 2021 against 1.54% as on 31 March 2020.
TYPES OF DEPOSIT ACCOUNT
1. Current account
A current account is a deposit account for traders, business owners, and
entrepreneurs, who need to make and receive payments more often than others.
These accounts hold more liquid deposits with no limit on the number of
transactions per day. Current accounts allow overdraft facility, that is
withdrawing more than what is currently available in the account. Also, unlike
savings accounts, where you earn some interest, these are zero-interest bearing
accounts. You need to maintain a minimum balance to be able to operate
current accounts.

2. Savings account
A savings bank account is a regular deposit account, where you earn a minimum rate of interest. Here, the number of
transactions you can make each month is capped. Banks offer a variety of Savings Accounts based on the type of depositor,
features of the product, age or purpose of holding the account, and so on. There are regular savings accounts, savings
accounts for children, senior citizens or women, institutional savings accounts, family savings accounts, and so many more.
You have the option to pick from a range of savings products. There are zero-balance savings accounts and also advanced
ones with features like auto sweep, debit cards, bill payments and cross-product benefits.
3. Salary account
Among the different types of bank accounts, your salary account is the one you have opened as per the tie-up between your employer and the
bank. This is the account, where salaries of every employee are credited to at the beginning of the pay cycle. Employees can pick their type of
salary account based on the features they want. The bank, where you have a salary account, also maintains reimbursement accounts; this is
where your allowances and reimbursements are credited to.

4. Fixed deposit account

To park your funds and earn a decent rate of interest on it, there are different types of accounts like fixed deposits and recurring deposits. A
fixed deposit (FD) account allows you to earn a fixed rate of interest for keeping a certain sum of money locked in for a given time, that is
until the FD matures. FDs range between a maturity period of seven days to 10 years. The rate of interest you earn on FDs will vary
depending on the tenure of the FD. Generally, you cannot withdraw money from an FD before it matures. Some banks offer a premature
withdrawal facility. But in that case, the interest rate you earn is lower.

5. Recurring deposit account

A recurring deposit (RD) has a fixed tenure. You need to invest a fixed sum of money in it regularly -- every month or once a quarter -- to earn
interest. Unlike FDs, where you need to make a lump sum deposit, the sum you need to invest here is smaller and more frequent. You cannot
change the tenure of the RD and the amount to be invested each month or quarter. Even in the case of RDs, you face a penalty in the form of a
lower interest rate for premature withdrawal. The maturity period of an RD could range between six months to 10 years.

6. NRI accounts
There are different types of bank accounts for Indians or Indian-origin people living overseas. These accounts are called overseas accounts.
They include two types of savings accounts and fixed deposits -- NRO or non-resident ordinary and NRE or non-resident external accounts.
Banks also offer foreign currency non-resident fixed deposit accounts.
Best Savings Account with Highest Interest Rates
Kotak Mahindra Bank Savings Account Interest Rate
Catering to a varied customer base, Kotak Mahindra offers Savings Accounts for different customers based on their residence status. For
Domestic Savings Account holders, an interest rate of 4.00% p.a. is applicable, while for all non-resident Savings Account holders, an interest
rate of 3.50% per annum is applicable.
HDFC Bank Savings Account Interest Rate
For those looking to open a Savings Account, HDFC offers plenty of feature-rich options. For customers to choose from. Each account comes
with some unique features and privileges which make money management much easier. HDFC offers an interest rate of 3.50%.

IndusInd Bank Savings Account Interest Rate

To cater to the needs of a diverse customer base, IndusInd Bank offers a variety of Savings Accounts which have been designed to meet
different financial needs. The bank offers an interest rate of 4% on savings accounts maintaining a daily balance of up to Rs 1 lakh; 5% for
savings accounts maintaining a daily balance of above Rs 1 lakh but below Rs 10 lakh and finally an interest rate of 6% for savings accounts
which maintain a daily balance exceeding Rs 10 lakh.

Yes Bank Savings Account Interest Rate

Yes Bank offers one of the most attractive interest rates when it comes to Savings Accounts. Having revised their interest rates, the bank will
now offer an interest rates of 4.00% p.a. for all Savings Accounts with a balance up to Rs.1 lakh. The interest rates are between 4.00% p.a. to
5.25% p.a.
Best Tax Saver FD Interest Rates
 The highest interest rate on Tax Saver FDs for the general public is being offered by IndusInd Bank at 6.00% p.a.
 Axis Bank and Union Bank of India offer the second-highest interest rates for the general public at 5.40% p.a.
 For senior citizens, the highest interest rate is 6.50% p.a. offered by IndusInd Bank and 6.05% offered by Axis Bank.

Best FD schemes for 3 years

Shriram City
• The rate of interest offered for cumulative deposits for 3 years is 8.84% p.a
• The rate of interest offered to senior citizens is 9.24% p.a. for the same
• They also offer non-cumulative term deposits for which the 3-year tenure interest rate is 8.15%
p.a. for the general public and 8.55% p.a. for senior citizens
Yes Bank
• YES Bank offers customers a special rate of 6.50% p.a. for general citizens
• Senior citizens are paid at the rate of 7.00% p.a.
• Reinvestment is available for a minimum tenure of 6 months 1 day

Fincare Small Finance Bank

• Fincare offers attractive rates of interest on the 3-year tenure
• They offer 6.30% p.a. to the general public and 6.80% p.a. for those above 60 years
• A number of flexible interest payout options and premature withdrawal is provided by the
bank
FD INTEREST RATES HAVE FALLEN CONSISTENTLY
OVER THE LAST FIVE YEARS
Which Banks Offer the Highest Recurring Deposit Interest Rates in India?
Almost all banks that operate in the country offer attractive interest rates on RDs. Among all the banks listed
above, Lakshmi Vilas bank offers the highest interest on RDs to both general citizens and senior citizens.

Best Recurring Deposit Scheme in India with Highest Interest Rates

Here are some banks that offer the best interest rates for RD schemes :

• Deutsche Bank gives 7.50% p.a. for 5-year deposits, which is one of the best RD rates in India.
• For 1-year tenure, Lakshmi Vilas Bank offers the highest returns, at 7.50% p.a
• IndusInd Bank at 7.60%.For 2-year tenure, one of the best highest interest
• Lakshmi Vilas Bank at 7.50% p.a.
• Yes Bank at 7.50%.For 3-year and 4-year tenures
• you earn the best RD interest rates with Lakshmi Vilas Bank at 7.50% p.a.
• Other banks to consider for high returns on your RD savings are: IndusInd Bank (rate of interest 6.65% to
6.75%) and Saraswat Bank (rate of interest: 6.50% to 7.25%).
Types of Credit & Loans
Consumer loans and credit are a form of financing that make it possible to purchase high-priced items you can’t pay cash
for today. The loans and credit come in many forms, ranging from something as simple as a credit card to more complex
lending like mortgages, auto and student loans.

Secured and Unsecured Consumer Loans

Secured loans mean the borrower has put up collateral to back
the promise that the loan will be repaid. The borrower risks
losing that collateral if he/she defaults on the loan.

Unsecured loans have no collateral backing them. This means

there is nothing to repossess and sell if the borrower defaults.
That puts more risk on the lender, who seeks protection by
charging a higher interest rate.
Types of Credit Options
Open-end credit, better known as revolving credit, can be used
repeatedly for purchases that will be paid back monthly. Paying the full
amount due every month is not required, but interest will be added to
any unpaid balance.
The most common form of revolving credit is credit cards, but home
equity lines of credit (HELOCs) also fall in this category.

Closed-end credit is used to finance a specific purpose for a specific

period of time. They also are called installment loans because
consumers are required to follow a regular payment schedule
(usually monthly) that includes interest charges, until the principal is
paid off.
Loans
In finance, a loan is the lending of money by one or more individuals, organizations, or other entities to other individuals, organizations etc.
The recipient incurs a debt and is usually liable to pay interest on that debt until it is repaid as well as to repay the principal amount
borrowed.
Type Of Loans Available In India
Personal Loan:
Personal loans are provided to meet the personal needs of the borrower. You can use the money from this type of loan in any way you see fit.
The interest rates for this type of loan are on the higher side compared to the other types of loans.

Home Loan:
Buying a house needs a lot of money and it is not always possible to have that much money at once. Banks now offer home loans that can
assist you in purchasing a property. A home loan can be of different types such as:
• Loan for constructing a house
• Loan for repairing and remodeling your existing home
• Loan for purchasing a land
Education Loan:
Banks also offer education loans to the ones who need it. These loans offer a better support in terms of study opportunities to students are
financially weak. Students looking to pursue higher education can avail education loan from any bank in India. Once they secure a job, they
need to repay the money from their payment.
Cash Credit:
Cash credit is a bank procedure of paying a customer in advance. This process permits the customer to borrow a certain amount from the
bank. The customer provides a few securities to the bank in exchange for cash credit. The customer can renew this process each year.
Gold Loan:
Among all the types of loans available in India, the fastest and easiest one to get is the gold loan. This type of loan was very popular back in
the days when the rates of gold were rising exponentially. Gold companies are facing losses due to falling rates of gold in the recent times.

Vehicle Loan:
Almost all banks provide this type of loan. It a secured loan means if the borrower doesn’t pay the instalments in time, the bank has the right
to take back the vehicle.
Agricultural Loan:
There are multiple loan schemes by banks to assist farmers and their needs. Such loans have very low interest rates and help farmers to buy
seeds, equipment for farming, tractors, insecticides etc. to generate a better yield. The repayment of the loan can be made after the yielding
and selling of crops.
Overdraft:
Overdraft is a process of requesting loans from banks. It means that the customers can withdraw more money than they have deposited in
their accounts.
Loan Against Insurance Policies:
If you have an insurance policy, you can apply for a loan against it. Only those insurance policies that are aged over 3 years are eligible for
such loans. The insurer can themselves offer a loan amount on your insurance policy.
Loan Against Bank FDs:
If you have a fixed deposit in with a bank, you can apply for a loan against the same.
Loan Against Mutual Funds Or Shares:
Generally, people offer their mutual fund investment or shares as a collateral for their loan application. The banks give out loans of an
amount lesser than the total valuation of the shares or mutual fund investment. The amount is lesser because the bank can then charge rate of
interest if the borrower is unable to repay the amount.
 Top Home Loan Schemes & Offers
Kotak Mahindra Bank – Best for Low Interest Rate
• Low interest rates starting from 6.50% p.a.
• Processing fee of up to 0.50% of the loan amount
• Loan tenure of up to 30 years
• Zero prepayment charges
• Balance transfer with top-up loan available
HDFC Reach Home Loans for self-employed professionals
• Attractive interest rates starting from 8.75% p.a.
• Flexible repayment tenure of up to 30 years
• Processing fee of 2% of the loan amount
• Minimal documentation with minimum income of Rs.2
lakh p.a.
• Add a woman co-owner for lower interest rates
Axis Bank Home Loan – Best Interest Rate for Salaried Employees
• Low interest rates starting from 6.90% p.a.
• Loan amount of up to Rs.5 crore
• Maximum repayment tenure of 30 years
• Processing fee of up to 1% of the loan amount
• No prepayment/foreclosure charges
HDFC Ltd. Home Loan for Purchase
• Low interest rates starting from 6.70% p.a.
• Flexible loan tenure of up to 30 years
• Processing fee of up to 0.50% of the loan amount
• Special arrangement for Indian army employees through partnership
with AGIF
• Legal and technical counseling from experts
• EMIs starting at just Rs.646 per lakh*
Top Education Loan Offers
Punjab National Bank Education Loan
• Maximum Loan Amount: Need Based
• Maximum Loan Tenure: 15 Years
• Collateral: Nill Up to Rs.7.5 lakh
• Margin: Nill Up to Rs.4 lakh
• Offers loans to Indian residents and OCIs/PIOs/students born abroad
to Indian parents and want to pursue studies in India.
• Security will be 125% of loan amount.
• Moratorium period of 6 months to 1 year after course completion.

SBI Education Loan Tata Capital Education Loan

• Loan amount up to Rs.20 lakh with concessional rates for female • Maximum loan amount of Rs.30 Lakh
students. • Maximum Loan Tenure: 6 years
• Max Loan Tenure: 15 Years • Collateral: Nill Up to Rs.4 lakh
• Collateral: Nil up to Rs. 7.5 lakh • Choose from 3 EMI plans as per your
• Margin: Nill Up to Rs.4 lakh convenience.
• Moratorium period of 12 months after course completion. • Minimal documentation and quick approval of
• Second loan can be availed for completing higher studies. loans.
 Top Vehicle Loan Schemes & Offers
Canara Bank
Low-Interest Rates for Used Cars and New Cars
• Effective interest rate starts from 7.30%
• Tenure is up to 84 months
• Up to 90% of the on-road price may be provided
• Lower interest rates are provided for women
State Bank of India
Designed for professionals and agriculturalists with no Income
Proof
• Effective interest rate is 7.20% onwards
• Tenure is up to 84 months
• Up to 90% of the on-road price may be financed
• Loan is provided for professionals and agriculturists

Axis Bank HDFC

Small Loans
• Effective interest rate starts from 7.45%
• Tenure is up to 96 months
• Up to 100% of the on-road price may be provided as a loan
• You can avail a loan of Rs.1 lakh
Loans for Luxury Cars
• Effective interest rate is 7.95%
• Tenure is up to 84 months
• Maximum loan amount is up to Rs.3 crore
• 100% financing of on-road price for select models
 BEST LOAN AGAINT PROPERTY
SBI Bank Loan Against Property(8.45% p.a.- 10.00% p.a,Up to 7.5 crore)
Key Features:
• Offered to customers with residential and commercial properties.
• The minimum loan amount that can be availed is Rs.10 lakh and the maximum
loan amount is Rs.7.5 crore.
• Processing fee is set at 1% of the loan amount plus service tax, subject to a
maximum of Rs.50,000 plus service tax.
• To be eligible for the SBI Loan Against Property, the applicant should have a
minimum monthly income of Rs.25,000 or Rs.3 lakh p.a.
• No prepayment penalties with the SBI Loan Against Property.

HDFC Bank Loan Against Property(8.00% p.a. - 8.95% p.a.,Up to 65% of
the value of the property)
Key Features:
• Resident Indians who are salaried or self-employed are eligible for this loan
scheme.
• Flexible loan tenures up to 15 years.
• Quick and hassle-free documentation process.
• The borrower can use his/her residential or commercial property as
collateral to avail the loan.
• Simple monthly installments repayment options.
IDFC First Bank Loan Against Property(7.5% p.a. onward,Up to Rs.7
crore)
Key Features:
• Loans of up to Rs.7 crore.
• Avail up to 80% of the value of your property as loan.
• Flexible loan tenures up to 20 years.
• Loans offered to borrowers with commercial properties, small and
medium enterprises (SMEs), residential plots, or those with a rental
income.
• Salaried and self-employed individuals are eligible for this loan scheme.
BEST OVERDRAFT FACILITY OFFERS
TATA Capital Personal Loan Overdraft Loan amount ₹2,00,000 - ₹25,00,000
Tata Capital offers Personal Loan Overdraft facility with the flexibility to
withdraw funds as per your need and pay interest only on the utilized Loan Tenure 12-60 months
amount. Avail multiple withdrawals and part-payment facilities without any
extra charges. Interest rate starting at 13.50%
Axis Bank Overdraft Facility Against Property
Axis Bank’s Loan against Property is just what you need if you are looking for funding. Axis Bank offers easy and hassle-
free Loan against Property for a loan amount starting from Rs. 5 Lakhs up to Rs. 5 Crores. You can avail of a loan against
residential or commercial properties at attractive rates of interest. What’s more, you can apply for Loan against Property
online and complete your loan application process from the comfort of your home or office, thanks to our doorstep service.

RBL Bank Overdraft Against Property

Manage your fund requirements for business needs with the Drop-line Overdraft Against Property and pay only for what
you use. Drop-line Overdraft Against Property is an overdraft facility against property as collateral for self-employed
customers.
• Drop-line Overdraft limit of up to Rs.5 Crores • Avail loan up to 80% of your property value
• Drop-Line overdraft tenure up to 10 years • Interest charged only on the amount utilized
• Both residential and commercial property accepted as • Minimal documentation and faster approvals
collateral • Attractive interest rates
Consumer Durable loan
Loan for consumer durables is a scheme that helps you upgrade your lifestyle by offering finance for the purchase of household durables such as
laptop, television set, washing machine, music system, air conditioner, heater, fridge, fitness equipment, and more. Since most of the durables cannot
be paid for at once, it is better to go for a loan option that offers the finance to do so. There are various loan options that offers finance for the purchase
of consumer durables in India.
Some of the best consumer durable loan schemes:
Dena Consumer Durable Loan
Dena Consumer Durable loan is another scheme that lets you purchase the latest modern gadgets and turn your home into a smart abode. The bank offers finance
for the purchase of various household durables including and not limited to washing machines, laptops, air conditioners, television sets, and even mobile phones.
Maximum loan amount of up to Rs.1 lakh is granted for a tenure of up to 36 months. Some of the other benefits of the scheme are no prepayment charges, low
processing fee, and a low interest rate.
HDFC Consumer Durable Loan
HDFC makes it possible to adorn your house with the latest gadgets with the HDFC Consumer Durable Loan. The scheme offers up to 100% financing with long
repayment tenures of up to 36 months. The maximum loan amount granted is Rs.15 lakh. The loan covers purchase of LED televisions, washing machines,
refrigerators, air conditioners, laptops, home theatre systems, tablets, modular kitchen, recliners, high-end cameras, and mobile phones. The EMIs for the personal
loan scheme will be pretty low considering the long tenure. Nominal processing fee and transparent pricing are other advantages of the scheme.

Capital First Consumer Durable Loan

Capital First Consumer Durable Loan lets you adorn your dream home with nothing but the best by offering finance to purchase the latest LCD TV, music
system, and more. There is no interest payment required for the loan and the down payment is pretty low. Minimal documentation, easy repayment options, no
foreclosure charges, and no security deposit are some of the other benefits of the scheme.

Tata Capital Consumer Durable Loans

This consumer durable loan by Tata Capital offers finance for purchase of home durables for a low rate of interest. The loan covers flat screen television sets,
washing machines, dryers, refrigerators, air conditioners, microwave oven, dishwashers, laptops/desktops, smartphones, and music system. The scheme offers an
enhanced loan limit for credit cardholders and there are no hidden charges with the scheme. The maximum loan amount that can be availed with the scheme is
Rs.1.5 lakh for a maximum tenure of 24 months. Low processing fee, easy documentation, on spot approval, and quick processing are few of the other benefits
of the scheme.
 What is Internet Banking?
◦ Internet Banking, also known as net-banking or online banking, is an
electronic payment system that enables the customer of a bank or a
financial institution to make financial or non-financial transactions online
via the internet. This service gives online access to almost every banking
service, traditionally available through a local branch including fund
transfers, deposits, and online bill payments to the customers.

◦ Internet banking can be accessed by any individual who has registered

for online banking at the bank, having an active bank account or any
financial institution. After registering for online banking facilities, a
customer need not visit the bank every time he/she wants to avail a
banking service. It is not just convenient but also a secure method of
banking. Net banking portals are secured by unique User/Customer IDs
and passwords.
Special Features of Internet Banking
 Here are some of the best features of internet banking:

 Provides access to financial as well as non-financial banking services

 Facility to check bank balance any time
 Make bill payments and fund transfer to other accounts
 Keep a check on mortgages, loans, savings a/c linked to the bank account
 Safe and secure mode of banking
 Protected with unique ID and password
 Customers can apply for the issuance of a cheque book
 Buy general insurance
 Set-up or cancel automatic recurring payments and standing orders
 Keep a check on investments linked to the bank account
 Services Available through the Internet Banking
Once a customer is registered for online banking, he/she can log-in to the respective online banking portal of
his/her bank using the issued User-ID and password.

Services Available on the Internet Banking Portals

Set-up/Cancel Account
Check Mortgages,
Automatic Payments Balance Check View Bank Open/Close a Make Merchant
Loans
Statements Fixed Deposit Payments

NEFT &
Manage/Change Book Online Tickets IMPS Fund Issuance of Start Investments
RTGS Fund
Account Details Transfer Cheque Book
Transfer

Buy/Sell on E- Utility Bill

Commerce Platforms
Invest and Conduct
Start a Deposit Buy General Recharge Prepaid
Trade Payment Insurance Mobile/DTH
 Advantages of Internet Banking
Given below are some advantages/benefits of Internet Banking available for all the users-
 24×7 Availability: Internet banking, unlike usual banking hours, is not time-bound. It is available 24×7 throughout the year. Most of the
services available online are not time-restricted. Users can check their bank balance, account statements and make fund transfers anytime
instantly.
 Convenience of initiating financial transactions: Internet banking is largely preferred because of the convenience that it provides while
fund transfer and bill payments. Registered users can use almost all the banking services without having to visit the bank and standing in
queues. Financial transactions such as paying bills and transferring funds between accounts can easily be performed anytime as per the
convenience of the user.
 Proper Track of Transactions: Acknowledgement slips are provided by the bank after transactions which have a high possibility of getting
misplaced. However, with internet banking, it becomes very easy to track the history of all the transactions initiated by the user.
Transactions and fund transfers made online are organized in the ‘Transaction History’ section along with other details such as payee’s
name, bank account number, the amount paid, the date and time of payment, and remarks.
 Quick and Secure: Net banking users can transfer funds between accounts instantly, especially if the two accounts are held at the same
bank. Funds can be transferred via NEFT, RTGS or IMPS as per the user’s convenience. One can also make bill payments, EMI payments,
loan and tax payments easily. Moreover, the transactions, as well as the account, are secured with a password and unique User-ID.
 Non-financial Transactions: Besides fund transfer, internet banking allows the users to avail non-financial services such as balance check,
account statement check, application for issuance of cheque book, etc.
 Types of Fund Transfers using Internet Banking
There are three types of fund transfers which can be made using net-banking
NEFT
• National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) is a payment system which allows one-to-one fund transfer.
• Using NEFT, individuals and corporates can transfer funds electronically from any bank branch to any individual or corporate with an account with any
other bank branch in the country
• NEFT service is available 24×7 on internet banking. But, it is a time-restricted service at the bank branch
• Usually, NEFT transfer is successfully completed within 30 minutes. Nonetheless, the time can even stretch to 2-3 hours or might be completed in just 10
minutes
RTGS
• Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) is a continuous settlement of funds individually on an order by order basis.
• This payment system ensures that the receiver’s account gets credited with the funds almost immediately and not after a certain duration, as is the case with
other payment modes like NEFT
• RTGS transactions are tracked by the RBI, thereby successful transfers are irreversible. This method is majorly used for large value transfers
• The minimum amount to be remitted through RTGS is 2 lakh. There is no cap on the maximum amount for transfer via RTGS
• Like NEFT, RTGS is also available online 24×7
 IMPS
◦ Immediate Payment System (IMPS) is another payment method that transfers funds in real-
time.
◦ IMPS is used to transfer funds instantly within banks across India via mobile, internet and
ATM, which is not only safe but also economical both in financial and non-financial
perspectives
◦ IMPS is an inexpensive mode of fund transfer. Other fund transfer mediums such as NEFT
and RTGS charge significantly higher than IMPS
◦ It does not require details like account number, IFSC code, etc. Funds can be transferred via
IMPS just with the mobile number of the beneficiary
What is E-Banking?
E-banking or Electronic Banking refers to all the forms of banking services and transactions performed through electronic
means. It allows individuals, institutions and businesses to access their accounts, transact business, or obtain information on
various financial products and services via a public or private network, including the internet.

 Popular Types of E-banking Services in India

 Internet Banking: It is the type of electronic banking service which enables customers to perform several financial and non-financial transactions via
the internet.
 Mobile Banking: This electronic banking system enables customers to perform financial and non-financial transactions via mobile phone. Most of the
banks have launched their mobile banking applications available on Google playstore and Apple App Store. Just like the net-banking portal, customers
can use the mobile application to access banking services.
 ATM: Automated Teller Machines (ATM) is one of the most popular types of e-banking. ATMs allow customers to withdraw funds, deposit money,
change Debit Card PIN, and other banking services. To make use of an ATM, the user must have a password.
 Debit Cards: Almost every person owns a debit card. This card is connected to your bank account and you can go cashless with this card. You can use
your debit card for all types of transactions, the transaction amount is debited from your account instantly.
 Deposit and Withdraws (Direct): This service under e-banking offers the customer a facility to approve paychecks regularly to the account. The
customer can give the bank an authority to deduct funds from his/her account to pay bills, instalments of any kind, insurance payments, and many
more.
 Pay by Phone Systems: This service allows the customer to contact his/her bank to request them for any bill payment or to transfer funds to some
other account.
 Point-of-Sale Transfer Terminals: This service allows customers to pay for the purchase through a debit/credit card instantly.
 Services Provided through E-banking in India

Telephone Banking ATMs (Automated Electronic Clearing Door-step Banking

Mobile Banking Bill Payment
Teller Machines) Cards

Electronic Funds Electronic Clearing

Shopping Smart Cards Funds Transfer Internet Banking
Transfer System Services

Telebanking Investing Fixed Deposits Insurance

DEBIT CARD
A debit card is a payment card that deducts money directly from a consumer’s checking account when it is
used. Also called “check cards” or "bank cards," they can be used to buy goods or services; or to get cash
from an automated teller machine or a merchant who'll let you add an extra amount onto a purchase.

Here are some features of a debit cards:

1. Bank account: It is linked to a bank account, from where money is deducted every time a transaction is done.
2. Eligibility: Anyone who has a bank account can have a debit card. Banks may though not offer a debit card in case the mode of operation of
account is jointly held.
3. Maximum amount withdrawal: The withdrawal amount from debit card varies from INR 10,000 to 2,00,000
4. Accident cover: Some banks like AU Bank offer accident cover with debit card worth INR 5,00,000.
5. Types of debit card: Banks offer different varieties of debit cards like classic debit card, platinum debit card, gold card, business card, etc. Each
offers different benefits and features.

Some of these power-packed features are:

6. Special debit card benefits: Debit cards offer various benefits like accident cover, zero charges on facilities like fuel payment, eating out, movies,
etc.
7. Payback benefits: Many vendors offer payback points if you pay using debit cards.
8. High spending limits: Banks nowadays offer high spending limits on debit cards; up to 2 lakhs.
9. Card cover liability: In case you lose your card and incur losses on it, banks may cover your liability.
TYPES OF DEBIT CARD
Visa debit cards: Debit cards stylised with "VISA" on them are issued by banks in association with Visa Inc, which is an
American multinational financial services company. Due to the brand's wide presence, these are the most globally
accepted cards to make online and offline electronic payment transactions. These cards use the Visa payments gateway
which comes with their high security and 24x7 assistance. Visa debit cards come in varieties like Classic, Gold,
Platinum, etc. These cards also come with an overdraft facility. Most Indian banks provide account holders with this card
the restricts that users to spend only up to their balance.

MasterCard debit: cards Just like Visa, MasterCard is a popular American payments company which is
accepted even at some foreign online retailers that ship to India. The company is known for its fast and secure
payment gateway and have world-class customer service. MasterCard debit cards also come with benefits and
reward programs that are specific to the type of card they avail from their bank.

Visa Electron Debit Cards: Visa Electron debit card is very similar to Visa debit cards except that cardholders do not
have an overdraft facility. These debit cards ensure that you do not overspend. These debit cards can be used for cash
withdrawal at domestic and international ATMs. No interest charges are levied when you withdraw cash using a Visa
Electron debit card. Payments at PoS terminals for all kinds of transactions are also allowed. However, please note that
Visa Electron debit cards are not accepted in Australia, Canada, United States of America and Ireland. You cannot use a
Visa Electron debit card to make offline payments in flights, trains etc., The reason is the inability of PoS terminal to
confirm if funds are transferred in real time. Most Indian banks such as Syndicate Bank, Bank of India and Bank of
Maharashtra issue Visa Electron debit cards.
RuPay debit cards: The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) started RuPay as part of India's
card scheme with a vision to have a domestic, open and multilateral system of payments. Considering that
close to 90 percent of the transactions in India are domestic in nature, RuPay was started to reduce the cost
of these transactions that were higher due to the dominance of international card schemes. Since it is a more
recent payment gateway system, it is currently accepted mainly within India and at a few locations abroad
that RuPay has tie-ups with. In India, many public, private, co-operative and regional rural banks issue
RuPay cards to its customers. These debit cards are issued with Jan Dhan Yojana bank accounts. RuPay
debit cards are accepted at all ATMs, Point-of-Sale terminals and by most online merchants in the country.

Maestro Debit Card: These are similar to MasterCard debited cards. They can be used at ATMs across
the world and to make payments for online purchases. Maestro debit cards are accepted for payments at
domestic and international PoS outlets. These cards are known for their highly secure payments
platform.

Contactless debit cards: These are debit cards which come with built-in radio frequency module that
allow you to make payments by simply waving the card over the machine. However, one needs to just
hold it close to an RFID reader at the merchant outlet. These are considered safer than traditional debit
cards as you do not need to hand over your card to a cashier or enter a PIN. This secures it from some
common frauds where the card can be duplicated. Major banks like SBI and HDFC Bank issue these
contactless cards and are accepted at large multibrand outlets in India.
CREDIT CARDS
A credit card is a type of payment card in which charges are made against a line of credit instead of the account holder’s cash deposits. When
someone uses a credit card to make a purchase, that person’s account accrues a balance that must be paid off each month. Although failure to
pay off the credit card on time could result in interest charges and late fees, credit cards can also help users build a positive credit history.

SOME FEATURES AND BENEFITS OF CREDIT CARDS

1) EMI payments
The card can convert your high-end purchases into affordable EMIs effortlessly, which can be paid over a period of time.
2) Easy approval
A credit card can be applied online as well as offline. The eligibility criteria are simple and involve only a few basic documents.
3) Customized card limit
The credit card limit varies from one cardholder to another and is decided by the issuer based on the credit history and score. Generally, the better the score and history, the
higher is the credit limit.
4) Loans during an emergency
Credit card facilities can also be used to avail a personal loan to address any emergencies that may arise.
5) ATM cash withdrawal
Much like a debit card, it too can be used to withdraw cash from ATM. An interest and a fee might be charged for such transactions, though some issuers offer the benefit of no
interest withdrawals too.
6) Discounts and Offers
Undoubtedly, the best credit card perks are the discounts and offers that can be availed on a range of products ranging from accessories, electronics, clothes, etc.
7) Rewards
Reward points are also one of the top advantages of using a credit card. These reward points can be earned based on spends and credit card type, and can be later used to avail
discounts, gift vouchers, etc.
8) Secure pay
This is a digital card that can be used to pay for a wide array of products and services and can be protected using multi-factor authentication and in-hand security features. It is,
therefore, a secure means of transaction and reduces the dependency on cash.
TYPES OF CREDIT CARD
• Basic Credit Cards: This credit card will be the preferred choice for those who wish to try out using a credit card. You will be given a small credit limit
based on your income and you can make purchases with the given limit. There are no additional benefits given on transacting with the card.
• Secured Credit Cards: Individuals who have a poor credit history can get hold of a secured credit card by making a deposit equal to the credit limit of
the card. This deposit acts as a security to issue the credit card for banks. If you make payments on time consecutively for a few months, the bank may
return the security deposit.
• No Annual Fee Credit Cards: A no annual fee credit card is the one that does not levy an annual fee for the usage of the credit card. It can be
considered as a basic credit or slightly above that level that provides very few benefits. Individuals at the entry-level of credit card usage or those who
make limited use of the card would prefer a no annual fee credit card.
• Low-Interest Credit Cards: Credit cards that offer a lower interest rate as compared to the other cards from a similar category is known as a low-
interest credit card. However, this category is different from the balance transfer cards as the interest rate will not be as low as 0% and the rates are not
valid for a specified time as in the latter case.
• Balance Transfer Credit Cards: Though most credit cards offer the facility to transfer balance, a balance transfer credit card comes with a low-interest
rate for a specified period of time. If your current card has a high-interest rate, you may transfer the outstanding balance on your current card to a
balance transfer card with a low rate. Some cards offer an opening rate as low as 0%.
• Rewards Credit Cards: A rewards credit card is the one that offers some kind of rewards for every rupee you spend with the card. Every bank defines
the number of reward points you get for a specified type of transaction, such as grocery shopping and online bill payment, you make with each rewards
card it offers.
• Cashback Credit Cards: Cashback credit cards offer a certain percentage of the purchase amount as cashback whenever you make a transaction with
the card. The bank may also mention criteria such as cashback is applicable only for petrol transactions.
• Travel Credit Cards: Frequent travelers benefit from a travel credit card as the card offers benefits such as travel insurance, global acceptance, favorable
currency conversion rates, and more.
• Shopping Credit Cards: Credit cards that come with deals and offers when the card is used to pay for shopping expenses. Online and offline shopping
can get you additional rewards for every purchase.
• Entertainment Credit Cards: Credit cards that provide discounts and offers on entertainment-related spends are known as entertainment
credit cards. Such spends include movie ticket purchase, concert ticket purchase, amusement park ticket purchase, and other events.
• Airmiles Credit Cards: Every rupee you spend with an air miles card will offer air mile points to your card account. Upon accumulating
the air mile points, you can redeem them for free flight tickets or other goodies available on the redemption catalogue.
• Lifestyle Credit Cards: This type of credit card gives benefits when the card is swiped for lifestyle expenses such as premiere screenings,
nightlife, fashion shows, and more.
• Premium Credit Cards: Premium credit cards are dedicated for selected few. It provides free access to golf clubs, airport lounges,
concierge service, and insurance. It may also come with complimentary travel and hotel accommodation coupons. Some cards also offer a
personal relationship manager to handle the assets of the cardholder. Not everyone can get approval to own this card.
• Co-Branded Credit Cards: Banks tie-up with brands to bring out co-branded cards that provide special discounts and deals when you
make a transaction associated with the brand. Though you can make other transactions, they wouldn’t be very profitable. This strategy is,
generally, used to increase the customer base for the brand.
• Student Credit Cards: The primary users of this category of cards are college students. The card considers the fact that students do not,
often, have a credit history. The approval for a student credit card has fewer criteria to be satisfied as compared to the other full-fledged
cards. It also comes with a lower interest rate.
• Business Credit Cards: These cards are designed specifically for business use. This is to make sure that business and personal expenditure
are maintained separately. However, even a business credit card requires you to have a good credit history to be eligible. This is because the
card issuer considers the applicant to be accountable for bill repayment.
• Prepaid Cards: Prepaid cards require you to load money before they can be used. Every transaction you make with the card, funds are
fetched from the card balance. There is no finance charge or minimum payment criterion applicable to this card.
 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WITH DEBIT AND CREDIT
•CARDS
Do sign your card on the backside, immediately on receipt from the bank.
• Always erase the 3-digit CVV number on the backside of the card. Memorize it for your use.
• Do not share your Credit / Debit Card numbers, PIN number with anyone, not even with the bank officials.
• Do not write down your PIN number anywhere. Memorize it.
• Do not share your OTP (One Time Password) with anyone over phone or mail.
• Do not carry out financial transactions while using public networks, i.e., Internet café, free Wi-Fi, etc.,
• While using ATMs, make sure that you shield keypad of ATM with your hand while entering your PIN.
• Ensure that merchants swipe your card in your presence in their Point of Sale (POS) terminals. Shield the POS PIN pad while
entering your PIN.
• Avoid using ATMs located in isolated or dimly lit places without security.
• Do not crumple and throw away the ATM transaction slips. The information printed in the slip can be misused. Always destroy
the transaction slips into small pieces and then throw them into the trash.
• Do not use ATM where the card reader appears to be tampered with, i.e., broken, scratched, damaged, sticky with glue, has extra
wiring or loose parts around the slot, difficulty in inserting the card, etc., Look for any camera / blinking light in the close vicinity.
• Do not delay to report a lost Debit / Credit Card as the consequences can be adverse.
• Do change your PIN numbers as often as convenient.
• Register for SMS and E-mail alerts, whenever your account is accessed or debited.
• Verify the transactions in your bank statement regularly to identify suspicious transactions.
• Beware of unsolicited calls, texts or emails asking for sensitive financial information like Debit card/Credit card/ ATM
pin/CVV/Expiry date or Password.
 ATM(Automated teller machine)
An automated teller machine or cash machine is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to
perform financial transactions, such as cash withdrawals, deposits, funds transfers, balance inquiries or account information inquiries, at any
time and without the need for direct interaction with bank staff.

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHILE USING-

1. Don't write down your PIN number anywhere...at least not on your ATM card. Memorize it. Further, don't
disclose it to anyone, not even the bank officials.
2. Preferably use an ATM which is within bank premises or manned 24 hours by a security guard.
3. Avoid using ATMs which are in isolated places, dimly lit locations or on the streets.
4. Do not use the ATM where the card reader appears to be tampered with, broken, scratched, damaged, sticky with
glue, has extra wiring or loose parts around the slot, difficulty in inserting the card etc. These could be signs of
skimming machine having been installed.
5. Preferably use the same ATM machine so that you are familiar with it and may notice any 'unwanted' changes.
6. If there are people around, make sure that you shield your hand while entering your PIN. No one should be able
to make out what numbers you are punching in.
7. Restaurants, shopping outlets and petrol pumps are the high-risk areas where some rogue employees might
swipe your card in a skimming machine when they take it way for normal billing.
8. Register yourself for SMS alert whenever your account is accessed.
9. Don't throw away the ATM transaction slips until you verify the transactions in the bank statement every month.
10. Change your PIN numbers as often as convenient.
 PAYMENT GATEWAYS
A payment gateway is a merchant service provided by an e-commerce
application service provider that authorizes credit card or direct payments
processing for e-businesses, online retailers, bricks and clicks, or traditional
brick and mortar. The payment gateway may be provided by a bank to its
customers, but can be provided by a specialized financial service provider as
a separate service, such as a payment service provider.
A payment gateway facilitates a payment transaction by the transfer of
information between a payment portal (such as a website, mobile phone or
interactive voice response service) and the front end processor or acquiring
bank.
Payment gateways are a service that helps merchants initiate ecommerce, in-
app, and point of sale payments for a broad variety of payment methods. The
gateway is not directly involved in the money flow; typically it is a web
server to which a merchant's website or POS system is connected. A
payment gateway often connects several acquiring banks and payment
methods under one system.
THANK YOU!