TEACHING ENGLISH AS A

FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TEFL)

• English in the World Today
• In the Classroom
• Language and Communication
• Basic Principles
• Pronunciation
• Listening and Speaking
• Reading
• Writing
• Errors, Correction and Remedial Work
• Assessment and Examinations
• Young Children Learning English
• Learning English in the Secondary School
• Teaching English to Adults
• The English Department
THE ROLE OF ENGLISH

FIRST LANGUAGE

SECOND LANGUAGE

FOREIGN LANGUAGE
 TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
(TEFL)

APPROACH

STRATEGIC

MODEL
METHOD

TECHNIQUE
 APPROACH
• Approach : this refers to “theories about
the nature of language and language
learning that serve as the source of
practices and principles in language
teaching”.
– It offers a model of language competence.
– An approach describes how people acquire
their knowledge of the language and makes
statements about conditions which will
promote successful language learning.
 Theory of language

1. STRUCTURAL VIEW
the view that language is a system of structurally related elements for
the coding of meaning

2. FUNCTIONAL VIEW
the view that language is a vehicle for the expression of
functional meaning. The communicative movement in language
teaching subscribes to this view of language
3. INTERACTIONAL VIEW
It sees language as a vehicle for the realization of interpersonal
relations and for the performance of social transactions between
individuals.
 APPROACH POINT OF VIEW

• STUDENTS CENTERED APPROACH

• TEACHER CENTERD APPROACH
 THE KINDS OF APPROACH

• COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH
• SPEAKING APPROACH
• READING APPROACH
• GTM APPROACH
• DIRECT APPROACH
• AUDIO LINGUAL APPROACH
• CTL
 METHOD

Method is an overall plan for the orderly

presentation of language material, no part
of which contradicts, and all of which is
based upon, the selected approach. An
approach is axiomatic, a method is
procedural. Within one approach, there
can be many methods
 Approaches, methods, procedures, and
techniques

 Method : a method is the practical realization of

an approach. Methods include various
procedures and techniques as part of their
standard fare.

 Procedure : a procedure is an ordered sequence

of techniques. A procedure is a sequence which
can be described in terms such as first you do
this, then you do that… Smaller than a method
and bigger than technique.
 THE KINDS OF METHOD

• GTM (GRAMMAR TRANSLATION

METHOD)
• DIRECT METHOD
• AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD
• SILENT WAY
• SUGGESTOPEDIA
• ETC
 TECHNIQUE

A technique is implementational - that

which actually takes place in a
classroom. It is a particular trick,
strategem, or contrivance used to
accomplish an immediate objective.
Techniques must be consistent with a
method, and therefote in harmony with
an approach as well.
 THE KINDS OF TECHNIQUE

• ROLE PLAY
• JIG SAW
• DEBATE
• DISCUSSION
• THINK PAIR SHARE
• ETC