Chapter 4

Mobile Telecommunication Standards/Protocol

and Its Applications

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 Advanced Telecom Technology Applications
Teleconference:-
 Teleconference using a video link. Simply due to costs, teleconferences are
frequently limited to audio links (telephone or computer-based).
 A teleconference or teleseminar is the live exchange and mass articulation of
information among several persons and machines remote from one another but
linked by a telecommunications system. Terms such as audio conferencing,
telephone conferencing and phone conferencing are also sometimes used to
refer to teleconferencing.
The telecommunications system may support the teleconference by providing
one or more of the following: audio, video, and/or data services by one or more
means, such as telephone, computer, telegraph, teletypewriter, radio, and
television.

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 Telemedicine
Telemedicine is the use of telecommunication and information
technologies in order to provide clinical health care at a distance.
 It helps eliminate distance barriers and can improve access to
medical services that would often not be consistently available in
distant rural communities. It is also used to save lives in critical care
and emergency situations.
 Video Conferencing and Telepresence Solutions for the Health Care
Industry. There is exciting news for health care providers. Due to
increased reliability of the equipment and reduced cost of ownership,
health care organizations can use video conferencing and
telepresence technology to successfully address a host of educational,
managerial, and patient challenges.
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 few benefits of Video conferencing and Telepresence technology
 Knowledge transfer: Physicians can more easily exchange leading-edge expertise with widely
dispersed colleagues across the country and around the globe.
 Access to specialists: Patients receive access to remote specialists so that they can receive up-to-the-
minute information about managing chronic illnesses such as diabetes and high blood pressure -
information that might not otherwise be available.
 Access for patients in remote locations: Experts in illnesses such as diabetes, heart disease, prenatal
or neonatal care, and other areas can use video conferencing to reach hundreds of patients remotely,
sharing new guidance and late-breaking developments, and offering potentially life-saving advice.
 Patient retention: A reduction in the need to transfer patients resulting in the ability to retain revenue.
 Training: Satisfying C.M.E requirements, medical ground rounds, and internal training is facilitated.
 Scheduling: Residents can treat more patients by reducing travel time.
 Assessing stroke patients. Stroke patients require rapid assessment in order to determine if they're
eligible for time-sensitive treatments. These patient assessments often need to be performed by stroke
and brain imaging specialists, but these specialists are not always available at the location of the victim.

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 Types of Telemedicine
Telemedicine can be broken into three main categories: store-and-forward, remote
monitoring and (real-time) interactive services.
 Store-and-forward telemedicine involves acquiring medical data (like medical images,
biosignals etc.) and then transmitting this data to a doctor or medical specialist at a
convenient time for assessment offline. It does not require the presence of both parties at the
same time. Dermatology (cf: teledermatology), radiology, and pathology are common
specialties that are conducive to asynchronous telemedicine. A properly structured medical
record preferably in electronic form should be a component of this transfer. A key difference
between traditional in-person patient meetings and telemedicine encounters is the omission
of an actual physical examination and history. The 'store-and-forward' process requires the
clinician to rely on a history report and audio/video information in lieu of a physical
examination.
Remote monitoring, also known as self-monitoring or testing, enables medical professionals
to monitor a patient remotely using various technological devices. This method is primarily
used for managing chronic diseases or specific conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes
mellitus, or asthma. These services can provide comparable health outcomes to traditional in-
person patient encounters, supply greater satisfaction to patients, and may be cost-effective.
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