5 Transition metalsAnswers to Test yourself questions

1. V: [Ar] 3d3 4s2 or [Ar] 4s2 3d3 V3+: [Ar]3d1

2. (a) copper(I) chloride, CuCl or copper(I) oxide, Cu2O etc.
(b) copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4 etc.
3. (a) E⦵ for reduction to VO2+ is 1.00 – (+0.14), which is positive, so yes.
E⦵ for reduction of VO2+ to V3+ is 0.34 – (+0.14), which is also positive, so
H2S will reduce VO2+ to V3+.
(b) VO2+ + 2H+ + H2S  V3+ + 2H2O + S

5. (a) [Cr(H2O)6]3−, [Cr(OH)6]3−, [Cr(en)3]3+, [Cr(edta)] −

(b) [CuCl4]2−, [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+, [Cu(H2O)6]2+ © Hodder & Stoughton 2015
5 Transition metalsAnswers to Test yourself questions

6. (a) Red (b) Green

7.

8. V2+ to V3+: E⦵ = +1.33 − (−0.26) = + 1.59 V so yes

V3+ to VO2+: E⦵ = +1.33 – (+0.34) = +0.99 V so yes
VO2+ to VO2+: E⦵ = +1.33 – (+1.00) = +0.33 V so yes.
2V2+ + H2O + 1½O2  2VO2+ + 2H+
9. (a) CrCl2, [Cr2(CH3COO)4(H2O)2]
(b) Cr2(SO4)3, CrCl4, Cr(OH)3 etc.
(c) K2CrO4, K2Cr2O7 etc.
© Hodder & Stoughton 2015
5 Transition metalsAnswers to Test yourself questions

10. (a) With NaOH: [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH−  [Ni(OH)2(H2O)4] + 2H2O

green precipitate
With NH3: [Ni(H2O)6]2+ + 4NH3  [Ni(NH3)4(H2O)2] + 4H2O
pale blue solution
(b) With NaOH: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH−  [Cu(OH)2(H2O)4] + 2H2O
blue precipitate
With NH3: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4NH3  [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2] + 4H2O
deep blue solution

© Hodder & Stoughton 2015