INTRODUCTION to

SETS
Mathematics 7 Week 1 – Day 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Define sets;
Describe and illustrate well-defined sets,
finite sets, infinite sets and null sets;
Determine the elements of a given set;
Identify the number of elements or its
cardinality.
UNLOCKING WORDS DIFFICULTY

Integers (-integers, zero, +integers)

Whole numbers (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 …)
Counting/Natural Numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …)
Even numbers (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 , … )
Odd numbers (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, …)
UNLOCKING WORDS DIFFICULTY

Prime numbers (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, …)

Composite numbers (4, 6, 8, 9, 10, …)
Perfect squares (1, 4, 9, 16, 25, …)
Multiples of a number
Factors (numbers that can be divided
without remainder)
ACTIVITY #1
 QUESTION #1

How many groups can be

formed from the given items?
 GROUPINGS

C
 QUESTION #2

How do you form the groups?

 GROUPINGS

A Balls

B Clothing

C Fruits
 QUESTION #3

How do groups become sets?

 FROM GROUPS TO SETS

A Balls

A = {volleyball, basketball, tennis ball}

A = {Set of balls}
 FROM GROUPS TO SETS

B Clothing

B = {slippers, t-shirts, shorts}

B = {Set of clothing}
FROM GROUPS TO SETS

C Fruits

C = {orange, apple, banana}

C = {Set of fruits}
 QUESTION #4

What are sets?

 DEFINITION OF SETS
Sets is a group or collection of objects. It
is named using a CAPITAL LETTER. Each
object of a set is called an element.
We use the symbol “∈” for element and
∉ for not element.
 WRITING A SET
SET BUILDER FORM
A = {School days in a week}
ROSTER FORM
A = {Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,}

Note: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday ∈ A

but Saturday and Sunday ∉ A
 EXAMPLES
SET BUILDER FORM
A = {Primary Colors}
ROSTER FORM
A = {BLUE, RED, YELLOW}
 EXAMPLES
SET BUILDER FORM
A = {counting numbers less than 5}
ROSTER FORM
A = {1, 2, 3, 4}
 EXAMPLES
SET BUILDER FORM
A = {even numbers less than 10}
ROSTER FORM
A = {2, 4, 6, 8}
 ACTIVITY #2
ELEMENT OR NOT ELEMENT
A = {counting numbers}
B = {even numbers}
C = {odd numbers}
4 ___ A 5 ___ C 9 ___ B

2 ___ B 0 ___ A 1 ___ C

 ACTIVITY #2
ELEMENT OR NOT ELEMENT
A = {counting numbers}
B = {even numbers}
C = {odd numbers}
4 ∈ A 5 ∈ C 9 ∉ B

2 ∈ B 0 ∉ A 1 ∈ C
 WELL-DEFINED SETS
Well-defined sets are sets that
has a clear information on
which elements a set must
contain.
 WELL-DEFINED OR NOT
A = {Set of primary colors}
 WELL-DEFINED OR NOT
A = {Set of primary colors}

Well-defined set
 WELL-DEFINED OR NOT
A = {Set of beautiful houses}
 WELL-DEFINED OR NOT
A = {Set of beautiful houses}

Not a well-defined set

WELL-DEFINED OR NOT
A = {Months in a year}
WELL-DEFINED OR NOT
A = {Months in a year}

Well-defined set
 EMPTY OR NULL SETS
Empty or Null sets are sets
that has no elements. Null
sets are donated by { } or Ø
 EMPTY OR NULL SETS
Examples:
A = {Set of triangles with 4 sides}
B = {Set of stars in the morning}
C = {Set of letter I in the word LOVE}
 CARDINALITY
Cardinality is the number of elements
in a given set. It is denoted by n.
Cardinality of set a is written as
n(A)
 CARDINALITY
Examples:
A = {Apple, Banana, Mango}
n(A) = 3
B = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
n(B) = 5
 CARDINALITY
Examples:
A = {Astronaut under the water}
n(A) = 0
NOTE: Don’t use Null since we are
counting the elements
ANY QUESTIONS???
WHAT DO WE LEARN
TODAY???
WE LEARNED HOW TO:

Define sets;
Describe and illustrate well-defined sets,
finite sets, infinite sets and null sets;
Determine the elements of a given set;
Identify the number of elements or its
cardinality.
END <3