Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Disection and Instruments
Disection and Instruments
n s
Use
• It is used in cutting and
sectioning of tissue.
• It is used to cut tough
structures like
tendons, ligaments etc.
• For blunt dissection, straight
scissors is used.
• For delicate work, curved
scissors is used.
SCISSORS
– Description –
• It is having blade and body (handle) joined by pivot joint. (Axis
is formed by the screw).
• Blade
– It has two edges –
» Cutting edge
» Non cutting edge
SCISSORS
• Blade may be plain, curved or
having angle between shaft
and blade.
• According to that scissors are
known as
– Plain scissors
– Curved scissors
– Angular scissors
• The Curved scissor used for
the trimming purpose.
• The angular scissor is used
for the deeper structures.
• The tip of the blade may be
pointed or blunt.
• Pointed scissors may be
used for the blunt
dissection.
HAEMOSTATIC FORCEPS (ARTERY FORCEPS)
• Normally it is also known as artery forceps.
• Haemostatic forceps are used on
artery, veins and capillaries.
• Use :- It is used for strong grasping
and holding and catching.
• Disadvantage
• It crushes the delicate structures.
• When it is used as a holding
forceps, two consecutive holding of
structure is slow. (But in dissecting
forceps two consecutive
movements
are fast.)
HAEMOSTATIC FORCEPS (ARTERY FORCEPS)
Descriptions
–Haemostatic forceps is
designed specifically to
catch/clamp and to crush the
tissue.
Parts
• Shaft of body (shank) :-
– It lies between joint and finger bows.
• Finger bow (ring):-
– It is used for holding the instruments.
HAEMOSTATIC FORCEPS (ARTERY FORCEPS)
• Catch / ratchet :-
– It lies between shaft and finger bow.
– When the catch / ratchet are pressed;
the blades are kept in closed
position.
– 3 catches are for,
1. First catch for catching the tissue.
2. Second catch for clamping the
tissue.
3. Third catch for crushing the
tissue.
HAEMOSTATIC FORCEPS (ARTERY FORCEPS)
• Joints :-
– Joint is between the body and the blade.
– Joint may be pivot joint. (Screw form the axis).
– It may be the box joint. (Shaft passes in the slot of other shaft).
• Blades (jaw)
– The blade/jaw is having transverse serration on inner aspect.
– The blade may be straight or curved.
NEEDLE HOLDER:
Use
• It is used to hold the needle.
Parts
• Shaft of body (shank):-
– It lies between joint and finger bows.
• Finger bow :-
– It is used for holding the instruments.
NEEDLE HOLDER:
• Catch / ratchet :-
– It lies between shaft and finger bow.
– When the catch / ratchet are pressed;
the blades are kept in closed
position.
NEEDLE HOLDER:
• Joint :-
– It is present between body and shaft.
– It is having modified box joint.
– Shaft passes in the slot of other shaft.
• Blades :-
– Blades are having cris-cross or
transverse serrations and in the
centre of the blade there is groove.
NEEDLE HOLDER:
• How to hold the needle holder
– Curved needle is hold by needle
holder, at the junction between
anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 of the
needle.
– This gives maximum mechanical
advantage of curved needle.
– If needle is hold nearer to the tip, the
mechanical advantage is less but the
penetrating power is more.
– If we hold needle nearer to
eye, chances of breakage of needle
nearer to eye is more.
NEEDLE HOLDER:
• Difference between haemostatic forceps and needle
holder:
Use
• It is used to suture the skin, subcutaneous
tissues, connective tissues and other structures.
• It is also used to fix the structures together.
• It is also used to ligate around the tubular
structure.
NEEDLE
• Description:
the needle may be curved or straight. It may be cutting or non
cutting.
– Eye
– Tip
– Body
• Eye:
– Eye allows the suturing thread to pass.
– It is the weakest part of the needle
• Tip:
– It is the pointed end of the body of the needle
• Body:
– It is tapering towards the tip.
– It may be triangular on cross section with a cutting edge.
SAW
•: Use
– It is use for cutting of bones.
– Now electrical saws are also available.
Description
– Handle- Pistol grip handle, which is design to
grip.
– Blade or edge-Edges is having two borders
cutting and non-cutting
BONE CUTTING & BONE NIBBLER FORCEPS :
Use -
• Striking end is
heavier, which increase the
strength of the stroke
• Brain knife:
• Retractor
:
comprehensive study(routine)
dissection and window dissection
comprehensive study(routine) dissection:
• comprehensive study(routine) dissection
gives better exposure of the structure in whole
region.
• comprehensive study(routine) dissection is useful
for understanding & identification of structure and
relation in general.
• comprehensive study(routine) dissection is useful
for the gross anatomy study purpose but it may
increase the cadaveric wastage.
Routine and window dissection
WINDOW DISSECTION
- When a particular specific structure are required to
be demonstrated, window dissection is
preferred
- It is done in given region
- It demonstrate the layer by layer relations of deeper
structure
- It prevent dryness of deeper structures
- It minimizes the wastage of body parts
- It is useful for the museum part preparation also
- It give better view of the relations among
skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia and other
• I am thankful to Dr. Amit Singel, Dr. Dhaval
Talsaniya, Dr. K. P. Patravala (Ex. Prof & HOD) and Dr. Mohit
Changani for helping at each & every stages of this
presentation.
I would like to congratulate Anatomy Department
and KLE university’s, J. N. Medical College,
Belgaum, for organizing CME on “postgraduate intensive
training program”. I feel proud to be a part of this
program which’ll help PG students of anatomy.