CRITICAL APPRAISAL SKILL

DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN
TOOL
Relevance Of Appraisal

 Allow healthcare professionals to find and use

evidence reliably and efficiently
 Assist in managing a vast body of evidence
 Promotes assessment of the trustworthiness and
reliability of research findings
 BENEFITS OF APPRAISAL

• A systematic approach
• Close the gap between research and practice

• Encourage objective assesment

• Skills can be easily developed

 SOME GENERAL CONSIDERATION
• Is the paper written appropriately?
• Is it written clearly?

• Is there an appropriate literature review/background?

• Have ethical issues been considered?

• Who is/are the authors?

• Does the structure of the paper follow appropriate headings

for a research paper?

 THE CRITICAL APPRAISAL SKILLS
PROGRAMME

• Publication is no guarantee of quality

• Many different tools
• Most common one used is CASP (Critical Appraisal
Skills Programme)
• Checklists are available for both qualitative and
quantitative methodologies
1. Qualitative Methodologies:
 What are the result?
 Are the results of the research valid?
 Will the results help locally
 2 screening question
 10 other questions, with promts
2. Quantitative Methodologies-Randomized Controlled
Trial : Three Broad consideration :
1.Are the trial results valid?
2.What are the result?

3.Are the results useful to my practice/setting?

1. Three Broad steps divided into 11 questions
2. Question 1 and 2 are screening questions – it may not be
worth continuing beyond these
3. The checklist gives further details for consideration with
each question
4. Most question have three options as answers
•Yes
•Can’t tell
•No
 STEP 1: ARE THE RESULTS OF THE
TRIAL VALID?

1. Did the trial address a clearly focused issue?

2. Was the assignment of patients/ recipients of care to
treatments randomized?

Consider at this point: is it worth continuing?

 STEP 1 (CONTINUED): ARE THE
RESULTS OF THE TRIAL VALID?

3. Were patients/care recipents, health workers and study

personnel blinded?
4. Were the groups similar at the start of the trial?
5. Were the group treated the same, apart from the
experimental intervention?
6. Were all of the patients who entered the trial properly
accounted for at its conclusion?
 STEP 2: WHAT ARE THE RESULTS?

7. How Large was the treatment effect?

8. How precise was the estimate of the treatment effect?
 STEP 3: WILL THE RESULTS HELP
LOCALLY?

9. Can the results be applied in your context (or to the local

population)?
10. Were the clinically important outcomes considered?
11. Are the benefits worth the harm and costs?
 CASP:Critical Appraisal Skills Programme,
http://www.casp-uk.net/

 ..\..\SEMESTER GANJIL 2020-2021\MATERI EVBAS\MATERI LURI

NG\CASP TOOL 2019\CASP-Case-Control-Study-Checklist-2018.pdf
 ..\CASP TOOL 2019\CASP-Clinical-Prediction-Rule-Checklist_2018.pdf
 ..\CASP TOOL 2019\CASP-Cohort-Study-Checklist_2018.pdf
 ..\CASP TOOL 2019\CASP-Qualitative-Checklist-2018.pdf
 ..\CASP TOOL 2019\CASP-Randomised-Controlled-Trial-Checklist-
2018.pdf
 ..\CASP TOOL 2019\CASP-Systematic-Review-Checklist_2018.pdf
 ..\..\SEMESTER GANJIL 2020-2021\MATERI EVBAS\MATERI
LURING\CASP TOOL 2019\cross-sectional-appraisal-tool.pdf
 JURNAL :
 JURNAL.pdf
 Perbedaan Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif
KUALITATIF KUANTITATIF
HASIL DATA

Berupa penjelasan, catatan observasi, Berupa angka, koding, perhitungan,

dokumen, dan juga wawancara atau pemetaan
angket
TUJUAN PENELITIAN
Mengembangkan sebuah konsep yang Untuk melakukan pengujian akan sebuah
sebelumnya sudah ada teori
Bertujuan untuk membuat orang lebih Dihasilkan pemetaan untuk memberikan
paham akan sebuah teori dan juga gambaran berupa angka dan juga statistik
mengembangkan teori yang sudah ada
Sampel
Metode non representatif jadi peneliti bisa Metode representatif yakni peneliti
langsung observasi bisa juga lewat langsung datang untuk melakukan
telepon atau hal lainnya observasi
Responden lebih sedikit sehingga tidak Responden yang jauh lebih banyak
terlalu repot dalam melakukan penelitian
 Pengumpulan Data
Kualitatif Kuantitatif
Wawancara, observasi partisipatif Eksperimen, survey