MANUFACTURING

PROCESSES
PROCESSES

-are activities
that change
materials
according to plan.
Three major types of
processes
FORMING
SEPARATING
COMBINING
FORMING
In forming, the shape of
a material is changed. No
material is added or
taken away.
Forming processes
Casting or molding
Compressing or stretching
Conditioning
Casting or molding
- a solid material is first
changed to a liquid. This is
usually done by heating the
material until it melts. It is
then poured or forced into a
hollow form called a MOLD.
Compressing or stretching
In compressing or
stretching, the
materials is shaped by
squeezing or pulling.
Specific methods
FORGING – means hammering or
squeezing material into shape.
BENDING - is a simple way to form
materials such as metal or paper.
ROLLING – material will make it thinner
by squeezing it. A material may be forced
under a roller or between two rollers .
COMPRESSION MOLDING - is done by
squeezing small solid particles of material
into a closed mold.
DRAWING OR STAMPING – is stretching
a material over a pattern or shape called
a die.
Conditioning
In conditioning – only the inside
structure of a material is changed.
The outside appearance of the
material is seldom affected.
Physical conditioning – is work
hardening of metal. Hammering a
piece of aluminum will make it
brittle.
Thermal conditioning – heat is used
to harden or soften material. This is
done to improve the material or
make it easier to work.
Separating
SHEARING - part of a solid piece of
material is separated or cut apart from
the rest of the material.
CHIP REMOVING – material is removed
in the form of small chips, such as
sawdust or metal shavings. It can be
done by many different methods.
Sawing, drilling, sanding , grinding,
planning.
Other separating processes

Heat
Chemicals
Glass cutting
Combining processes
When two or more
materials or parts are put
together, the process is
called combining.