CE2502 Environmental Engineering

Course Credit 0-0-2

By

Prof Kakoli Karar Paul

Associate Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
National Institute of Technology
Rourkela 769008
Methods of Water Distribution System Layouts
• Dead end system.
• Grid iron system.
• Ring system.
• Radial system.
DEAD END LAYOUT SYSTEM
GRID IRON SYSTEM
RING SYSTEM
RADIAL SYSTEM
t represents time in days
T represents Temperature in °C
represents 1.047
Q) The BOD6 of a wastewater is found to be 400 mg/L at 20o C.

The k value at 20o C is known to be 0.23. What would be BOD8

value if tests were run at 15o C?
Q) 6 ml of wastewater is diluted to 300 ml distilled water in
standard BOD bottle. Initial DO in the bottle is determined to be
8.5 mg/l. DO after 5 days at 200C is found to be 5 mg/l.
Determine BOD5 of wastewater and compute the ultimate BOD.
Assume k value at 20o C is known to be 0.23.
 WASTEWATER
Wastewater is used water ‘produced from domestic, industrial,
commercial, etc purposes.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER
• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological
BOD is a measure of the amount of oxygen required to remove
waste organic matter from water in the process of decomposition
by aerobic bacteria.
The BOD value is most commonly expressed in milligrams of
oxygen consumed per litre of sample during 5 days of incubation at
20 °C.
COD analysis measures everything that can be chemically
oxidized, rather than just biologically oxidized organic matter.
 WASTERWATER TREATMENT

• Preliminary treatment
• Primary treatment
• Secondary treatment
• Tertiary treatment
 SCREEN
Screening is the first unit operation used
at wastewater treatment plants. Screening removes
paper, plastics, bigger solids, etc to prevent damage
and clogging of downstream equipments. Some
wastewater treatment plants use both
coarse screens and fine screens.