GRADE 11

Pre-calculus
Conic Sections
Hyperbola
Objectives
1. Define a hyperbola.
2. Determine the standard form of
equation of a hyperbola.
"How Hyperbolas are formed"
 "How Hyperbolas are formed"

Definition of Hyperbola

          A hyperbola is a set of all coplanar points such that the

difference of its distances from two fixed points is constant. The
fixed points are called the foci of the hyperbola.          
 "How Hyperbolas are formed"
          A hyperbola has two axes of symmetry, two vertices, two foci, and to
latus rectum.

          The intersection of the two axes of symmetry is the center of the

hyperbola. The center is the midpoint between the two foci.

          The hyperbola intersects the focal axis in two points called the vertices.
These vertices are the endpoints of a segment called transverse axis.

Note: The center is also the midpoint between two vertices.

 "How Hyperbolas are formed"

          The axis that contains the foci, the center, and the vertices of the
hyperbola is referred to as focal axis or principal axis.

          Another axis that plays an important role in defining the hyperbola is the
conjugate axis. This axis has no point in common with the hyperbola. It is
perpendicular to the transverse axis at the center.

          A segment passing through a focus of the hyperbola that is perpendicular

to the focal axis is called latus rectum.
 "How Hyperbolas are formed"

          An auxiliary rectangle that is not part of the hyperbola plays an important

role in graphing the hyperbola. A pair of opposite sides of the rectangle passes
through the vertices. These are perpendicular to the transverse axis. The other
pair passes through the endpoints of the conjugate axis.

          A pair of lines that is closely related to but also not part of the hyperbola
are the asymptotes of the hyperbola. The asymptotes intersects at the center of
the hyperbola. A hyperbola approaches its asymptotes but will never intersect
them. Each of the asymptotes passes through the opposite vertices of the
auxiliary rectangle.
Standard Equation of
a Hyperbola
 Equations of a Hyperbola

Hyperbola with horizontal focal axis:

                          - =1

Hyperbola with vertical focal axis:

                                                      - = 1

  
 Given the Center and the length of its Axes

Determine the standard form of equation of a hyperbola.

● The center is at (4, 3) and the length of the horizontal
transverse axis is 5, and the length of the conjugate axis
is 4.
 Given the Center and the length of its Axes

Determine the standard form of equation of a hyperbola.

● The center is at (-6, -4) and the length of the horizontal
transverse axis is 8, and the length of the conjugate axis
is 6.
Given the Center, Vertex, and an endpoint of a
Conjugate Axis

Determine the standard form of equation of a hyperbola.

● The center is at (7, -2), a vertex is at (2, -2) and an
endpoint of a conjugate axis is at (7, -6).
Given the Center, Vertex, and an endpoint of a
Conjugate Axis

Determine the standard form of equation of a hyperbola.

● The center is at (1, -2), a vertex is at (1, 3) and an
endpoint of a conjugate axis is at (3, -2).
 Given its Standard Equation

Determine the standard form of equation of a hyperbola.

● 9y2 – 16x2 – 144 = 0
 Given its Standard Equation

Determine the standard form of equation of a hyperbola.

● -4x2 + y2 + 40x + 6y – 107 = 0
Created using