INTRODUCTION TO

KINESIOLOGY

DR. SYEDA AMNA IQBAL

LECTURER
KINESIOLOGY
MSPT, DPT
ICPR
College Name Indus College of Physical therapy and Rehabilitation
Program Name Doctor of Physiotherapy
Course Name Kinesiology-1
Course Code 305
Year 1st
Semester (I)
Credit Hours 3 (2-1)

Course Syeda Amna Iqbal

Facilitator
Course By the end of this semester, students will be able to
Outcome 1. Understand, what is physical therapy
2. Identify the terms and principles of body mechanics in relation to
human anatomy
3. Describe the basics of kinesiology
4. Explain the body positions in relation to surroundings
5. Evaluate the muscular functions and group actions of muscles
6. Assess the posture and its mechanism
Objectives:
At the end of lecture, student will be able to define:
• What is rehabilitation?
• Physical Therapy
• Definition of Kinesiology
• Purpose of Studying Kinesiology
• Application of Kinesiology
Rehabilitation
Definition:
The process of helping a person who has suffered an
illness or injury restore lost skills and so regain
maximum self-sufficiency

For example, rehabilitation work after a STROKE may

help the patient to walk and perform their
activities of daily living (ADL’s) again
 WHO defined rehabilitation as:
“A set of interventions designed to optimize functioning and
reduce disability in individuals with health conditions in
interaction with their environment”
The overall goal of rehabilitation is:

 To help you get your abilities back

 To regain independence

 Specific goals are different for each person

 The need for rehabilitation worldwide is predicted
to increase due to changes in the health and
characteristics of the population

 For example, people are living longer, but with

more chronic disease and disability
Benefits Of Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation can reduce the impact of a broad range of
health conditions, including diseases (acute or chronic),
illnesses or injuries

 It can also complement other health interventions, such as

medical and surgical interventions
 For example, rehabilitation can help to reduce, manage or
prevent complications associated with many health
conditions, such as spinal cord injury, stroke, or a fracture

 Rehabilitation is an investment, with cost benefits

for both the individuals and society
 It can help to avoid costly hospitalization, reduce
hospital length of stay, and prevent re-admissions

 Enables individuals to participate in education and

gainful employment, remain independent at
home, and minimize the need for financial or
caregiver support
 Rehabilitation is a core health service for anyone
with an acute or chronic health condition,
impairment or injury that limits functioning
Types Of Rehabilitation
 Three main types of rehabilitation therapy
• Physical Therapy
• Occupational Therapy
• Speech Therapy

 Each form of rehabilitation serves a unique purpose in helping a

person reach full recovery 

 The goal of rehabilitation therapy varies from person to person

The 4 Stages of Complete Rehabilitation

 Rest and Protect the Injury

 Recover Your Motion
 Recover Your Strength
 Recover Your Function
The Right Treatment for You
Physical Therapy

 Physical Therapy (PT) is one of the allied health

profession

 Physical therapy is provided by physical therapist who

promote, maintain, or restore health through physical
examination, diagnosis, prognosis, patient education,
physical intervention, rehabilitation, disease prevention
and health promotion
 Physiotherapist, is a person who help people affected
by injury, illness or disability through movement and
exercise, manual therapy, education and advice

 They maintain health for people of all ages, helping

patients to manage pain and prevent disease
KINESIOLOGY:
 The origin of words kinesiology are from the Greek

 Kinesis ‘To move’ and Ology ‘To Study’

Definition: The study of principles of mechanics and
anatomy in relation to human movement

OR

 Kinesiology, Study of the mechanics and anatomy

 of human movement and their roles in promoting
health and reducing disease
 Kinesiology has direct applications to fitness and health,
including:
• Developing exercise programs for people with and
without disabilities
• Preserving the independence of older people, preventing
disease due to trauma and neglect
• Rehabilitating people after disease or injury
WHY WE STUDY KINESIOLOGY

The purpose of studying clinical kinesiology is:

 To understand the forces acting on the human body
 To manipulate these forces in treatment procedures so
that human performance may be improved and further
injury may be prevented
 Better understanding of both joint function and
dysfunction
 Kinesiology identifies stress in our muscles and
uses relaxation techniques to release tension and
improve our mood, health, and overall wellbeing
Scope of Kinesiology

The scope of practice of kinesiology is defined

as “the assessment of human movement and
performance and its rehabilitation and
management to maintain, rehabilitate or
enhance movement and performance.”
The text of kinesiology borrows heavily from three
bodies knowledge:
 Anatomy
 Physiology
 Biomechanics
 Anatomic Kinesiology:

Study of human musculoskeletal system

 Mechanical Kinesiology=Biomechanics

Biomechanics: Branch of physics which deals with

internal and external forces acting on the human
body
Mechanical Kinesiology=Biomechanics

 Branch of physics which deals with internal and external

forces exerted by muscles and gravity on the skeletal
structure and the effects produced by such forces

 i.e. how muscles, bones, tendons, and ligaments work

together to produce movement
Key areas that biomechanics focuses on:

Statics: Studying systems that are in equilibrium, either
at rest or moving at a constant velocity

 Dynamics: Studying systems that are in motion with

acceleration and deceleration
 It is divided into two other branches
 kinematics
 kinetics
Kinetics:
The study of the forces that act to produce motion

 Kinetics, as opposed to kinematics, is concerned

with the motion of bodies under the action of
forces
Variables to Kinetics

 Force
 Motion
 Torque
 Lever
 Equilibrium
Kinematics

 Describe the displacement (the change in position over

time) or motion of a segment, without regard to the
forces that cause that movement
Osteokinematics
 Describes clear movements of bones which are visible
from the outside. Or Gross movements of bones at
joints
 Osteo = Greek Osteon word , "bone"
 Kinematic = Greek word kinesis, "motion or movement“
• Flexion / extension
• Abduction / adduction
• Internal rotation / external rotation
Arthrokinematics
 Arthrokinematics is the general term for the specific movements
of joint surfaces. Or Small amplitude motions of bones at joint
surface
 Arthro = from the Greek word arthron, "joint“
 Kinematic = from the Greek word kenesis, "motion or movement“
 Joint surfaces move with respect to one another by
simultaneously
 Roll
 Glide (or slide)
 Spin
Anthropometry
 Anthropometrics: The study of the human body
dimensions
 Factors include size, shape, weight and other
important considerations of body segments
 For example, you will notice that basketball players
are generally tall and gymnasts are generally short
 These anthropometrics, or body shapes, create
advantages within certain sports