AN INFOGRAPHIC WITH

CLEAR INSTRUCTION
-BY KAUNG SETT THURA (MMP)
 DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTION

• Data transfer instructions are the instructions which transfers data in the
microprocessor. They are also called copy instructions. Branching
instructions refer to the act of switching execution to a different
instruction sequence as a result of executing a branch instruction
ARITHMETIC TRANSFER INSTRUCTION

• The arithmetic instructions define the set of operations performed by the

processor Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). The arithmetic instructions are
further classified into binary, decimal, logical, shift/rotate, and bit/byte
manipulation instructions.
LOGICAL INSTRUCTION

• Logical instructions are the instructions that perform basic logical

operations such as AND, OR, etc. In the 8085 microprocessor, the
destination operand is always the accumulator. Here logical operation
works on a bitwise level
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EACH ASSEMBLY
LANGUAGE TO THE HARDWARE OF THE CPU
An assembly language is a type of low-level programming language that is
intended to communicate directly with a computer's hardware. Unlike
machine language, which consists of binary and hexadecimal characters,
assembly languages are designed to be readable by humans. Also
Assembly Language is the symbolic encode of opcode (operation code)
that is understand by humans and only use to instruct computer processor
(hardware operation) and robot (robotic operation) to perform specific
tasks. This is an understandable language to human"1:" is the label, which
lets the computer know where to begin the operation. The "MOV" and
"ADD" is the mnemonic command to move the number 3 into a part of the
computer processor where it can function as a variable. "EAX," "EBX" and
"ECX" are the variables.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MACHINE
LANGUAGE TO THE HARDWARE OF THE CPU

• Machine code is what the CPU understands. So, it's as close to the hardware
as you can get. Though one could argue that in the case of an FGPA there is
even a layer below that where you can reprogram the CPU.
• You can see it as a stream of numbers that are processed by the CPU.
• Humans normally don't talk it; We use either Assembler or
Preferably Languages that are more abstract.
THE PRO AND CONS OF EACH LANGUAGE TYPES

Pros Cons
• They are similar to English and use • The object code generated by a
English vocabulary and well-known translator might be inefficient compared
symbols to an equivalent assembly language
• Large Community program

• Flexible and Extensible • Slower than compiled languages

• Extensive Libraries • Security

• Embeddable • Work Environment

• High memory consumption
ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES OF
HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGES
EXAMPLES OF HIGH-LEVEL
LANGUAGES INCLUDE BASIC, C,
C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, JAVA,
PASCAL, PERL, PHP, PYTHON,
RUBY, AND VISUAL BASIC.
 AN ILLUSTRATION OF THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A HIGH-LEVEL
LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION, AN ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION AND A
MACHINE CODE INSTRUCTION
• It uses English and
mathematical symbols in its
instructions.
• High level commands have to
be turned into binary
instructions the machine can
understand; this is translation.
• There are two basic ways of
translating high-level code
• Complier: converts the whole
code into machine code before
running it
• Interpreter: converts the code
one instruction at a time,
running each instruction
before translating the next.
• A low-level programming language in
which there is a strong correspondence
between the program's statements and
the architecture's machine code
instructions
• Follows a syntax similar to the English
Language
• Understood by the programmer
• Consists of a set of standard instructions
• Used by applications such as real-time
systems, and microcontroller-based
embedded systems
• A computer program written in machine
language instructions that can be
executed directly by a computer's
central processing unit (CPU)
• Consists of binaries, which are zeros
and ones
• Only understood by the CPU
• Depends on the platform or the
operating system
• Can be directly executed by the CPU to
perform the defined tasks in the
computer program
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING.
I HOPE YOU GUYS ENJOY IT CAUSE I KNOW I
DID
• Vio helped too 😡 • Credits to google ;-;