COMPUTER SCIENCE

DATABASE
ARCHITECTURE
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank our program director Mr. Gokul

Badu Sir as well as the entire Computer Science
department for providing us this opportunity and
specially Roshan Dangi Sir for his guidance and support
in making this presentation possible.
 CONTENTS OF THIS PRESENTATION
DATA:

DATABASE:

DATABASE ARCHITECTURE:

TYPES:

PROS AND CONS:

IMPORTANCE:

CONCLUSION:
 DATA
● It is raw facts
• Has no meaning
• Eg: Rame , has , 4 , cows
INFORMATION
• It has some meaning
• Eg : Rame has 4 cows.
o
DATA

RAME

1 WIFE
3 CHILDREN
4 COWS
5 GOATS
 SOME FACTS RELATED TO DATA

• Each day;
• 500 million tweets,
• 294 million emails,
• 4 million GB of Facebook
content,
• 65 billion WhatsApp
messages,
• 720,000 hours of new
content on YouTube
 Total data
●In 2018 : 33 zettabytes(ZB)
●Equivalent to 33 trillion GB
●In 2020 : 59 zettabytes
●Predicted to reach 175 ZB in 2025

1ZB= 8,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits

1ZB made up of stack of coins would be 2,550

Light Years long
 DATABASE

●Collection of data FUNCTIONS

●Organized to be easily ● Security
● Data control
accessible and manageable
● Integrity
● Backup
● Data sharing
OBJECTIVE
• Eliminate data redundancy
• Provide mass storage
• Allow modifications
 RANDOM CAFE
NAME COFFEE TEA JUICE LASSI
EXAMPLES
RAM 1 2 5 2

SHYAM 2 4 8 3
● Customer Record HARI 1 5 4 5
● Telephone Diary SITA 3 1 4 6
● Result Sheet
GITA 1 2 4 7

PREMIER LEAGUE POINTS TABLE

 TYPES OF DATABASE

There are actually 5 types of database which are :

●Hierarchical database. Eg: RDM Mobile

●Network database. Eg: Integrated Data Store (IDS)

●Relational database. Eg: PostgreSQL, SQL

●Entity Relationship database.

●No SQL database. Eg: MongoDB, Redis

 DATABASE ARCHITECTURE

All of these database models can be used to form

databases in various architectures generally of 2
types :

●Centralized Architecture

●Distributed Architecture
 CENTRALIZED ARCHITECTURE

●A centralized database is basically a type of database that is

stored, located as well as maintained at a single location only.

●This type of database is modified and managed from that

location itself. This location is thus mainly any database system
or a centralized computer system.

● The centralized location is accessed via an internet connection

(LAN, WAN, etc).

● This centralized database is mainly used by small institutions

or organizations. Eg: Facebook, Twitter, Quora

●It works on client server basis.

CENTRALIZED DATABASE
 ADVANTAGES

Some advantages of this architecture are :

●Since all data is stored at a single location only thus it is

easier to access and coordinate data.
●The centralized database has very minimal data redundancy
since all data is stored in a single place.
●It is cheaper in comparison to all other databases available.
●It has lower cost of implementation.
●Data hacking probability is less since it is concentrated at a
single place only.
●Diagnosis of problems also takes very little time which
ultimately makes the maintenance of database easier.
 DISADVANTAGES

Some disadvantages of this architecture are :

●The data traffic in the case of a centralized database is more.
●If any kind of system failure occurs in the centralized system
then the entire data will be destroyed.
●The performance and service will degrade when number of
user increases
●If any problem arises in database, the whole system doesn’t
work and users are affected.
 DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE

●A distributed database is basically a type of database which

consists of multiple databases that are connected with each
other and are spread across different physical locations.

● The data that is stored in various physical locations can thus

be managed independently of other physical locations.

● The communication between databases at different physical

locations is thus done by a computer network. 

●It is generally used by big companies that require databases

in various areas. Eg: Amazon, eBay, Uber
DISTRIBUTED DB
 ADVANTAGES
●This database can be easily expanded as data is already
spread across different physical locations.

●The distributed database can easily be accessed from

different networks.

●Data traffic rate is low because it stores data in several

locations.

●It is suitable for very large organizations which need to

collect data from various countries or regions.
 DISADVANTAGES
●This database is very costly and is difficult to maintain
because of its complexity.

●In this database, it is difficult to provide a uniform view to

users since it is spread across different physical locations.

●It is complex to implement.

●It has more chances of hacking as there are many databases.

●It requires more technical manpower to operate.

●Overhead cost is also high

 WHY IS ARCHITECTURE EVEN
REQUIRED?
●It helps us in realizing how to work with users in our app.

● For example : Big companies like amazon have their

various parts throughout various regions. So, they have
many databases set up in various countries so as to maintain
their users and products according to their region.

●It helps for separation of concerns.

●For example : The distributed databases setup in various

place can help in separation of concerns as database
engineers of specified region don’t have to worry about the
data of other regions and can maintain the data of their
region very efficiently.
 REFERENCES
●https://stackoverflow.com/

●https://www.javatpoint.com/

●https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/

●https://www.w3schools.com/

●https://youtube.com/