Cholinergic Agonist: Direct Acting

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1.

Cholinergic Agonist:
Direct Acting:
Cholinergic agonists (also known as parasympathomimetics) mimic the effects of acetylcholine by binding directly to
cholinoceptors.
Acetylcholine, Pilocarpine, Bethanecol, Carbachol.
Indirect Acting:
Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that specifically cleaves acetylcholine to acetate and choline and, thus, terminates its
actions. Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase indirectly provide a cholinergic action by prolonging the lifetime of acetylcholine.
Physostigmine, Neostigmine, Ecothiophate, Rivastigmine, Tacrine.
Reactivation of Actylcholine-esterase:
Pralidoxime.

2. Cholinergic Antagonist:
Antimuscarinic:
Commonly known as antimuscarinics, these agents block muscarinic receptors, causing inhibition of all muscarinic
functions.
Atropine, Scopolamine, Ipratropium.
Ganglionic Bolckers:
Ganglionic blockers specifically act on the nicotinic receptors of both parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic ganglia.
Except for nicotine, the other drugs mentioned in this category are nondepolarizing, competitive antagonists.
Mecylamine, Nicotine.
Neuromuscular Bolckers:
These neuromuscular blockers are structural analogs of acetylcholine, and they act either as antagonists (nondepolarizing
type) or agonists (depolarizing type) at the receptors on the end plate of the neuromuscular junction. Neuromuscular
blockers are clinically useful during surgery for producing complete muscle relaxation
Atracurium, Doxacurium, Succinylcholine, Tubocurarine.

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