THE POWER SERIES

METHOD
 CIRCLE OF CONVERGENCE
imaginary
2 NOTE:
circle of convergence • The radius of the circle of
1 convergence is measured from
the center to the nearest
0 real singular point
−3 −2 −1 1 2 3
• The interval of convergence
−1 contains the ordinary points:
ordinary points
−2
ARGAND DIAGRAM

GIVEN:
STANDARD FORM:
SINGULAR POINTS:
EXAMPLE:
GIVEN:
FIND THE GENERAL SOLUTION USING THE POWER SERIES METHOD
with , an ordinary point
SOLUTION:

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FIRST TERMS

NOTE: The series term with the highest exponent is returned to its original series and will be the 1 st
member of the REMAINING SERIES. Hence, as leader, it dictates that the other series should have the
same value of its - exponent in order to be members of the R.S.
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
GIVEN:

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TERMS OUTSIDE OF RS: and
REMAINING SERIES (RS)

𝑛+2 4 −2

𝑛 −1 1+1
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
COMPARISON OF COEFFICIENTS OF X-FACTORS:

RECURRENCE FORMULA
THE POWER SERIES METHOD

……
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD

GIVEN:
Solve the ODE by the POWER SERIES EMZTHOD with , an ordinary point.

SOLUTION:
Substitute and into the given equation

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 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
OBTAIN THE FIRST TERMS OF THE ORIGINAL SERIES:

COMPARE THE COEFFICIENTS OF X FACTORS:

 THE POWER SERIES METHOD

REMAINING SERIES
NOTE: The first term with the highest exponent of , is returned to its
original series . This implies that the first terms and will remain
outside of the REMAINING SERIES but their second terms will be part of
RS.
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
REMAINING SERIES

𝑛+3 4 −3

𝑛+1 2 −1
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
REMAINING SERIES EQUATION (REWRITTEN WITH FACTOR)

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COMPARISON OF COEFFICIENTS OF FACTOR

RECURRENCE FORMULA
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
:
=0

5
 THE POWER SERIES METHOD
(SINGULAR POINT)
GIVEN:

STANDARD FORM:

FACTOR SINGULAR POINT TYPE

REGULAR

IRREGULAR

REGULAR
FROBENIUS THEOREM
 FROBENIUS THEOREM
VERSION 1:

GIVEN:
 FROBENIUS THEOREM
VERSION 2:

GIVEN:
 INDICIAL EQUATION

if and ,
then
∴ and

NOTE:
Since the given differential equation has as a regular singular point,
the Method of Frobenius can solve the differential equation with
However, are and in the given equation both analytic at