The Truth Values of

Simple and Compound

Proposition
Three Principles of
Thought
Principle of Identity
- Which states that if a
proposition is true,then the
proposition is true,or if the
proposition is false,then it is
false.
Principle of Noncontradictional
- A proposition cannot be both
true and false at the same time
and at the same respect in one
line of reasoning.
Principle of Excluded Middle
- Can only be either true or
false and nothing else.
 Four possible truth-value
combination for each of the
Compound Proposition
Conjunction – is true if both the conjuncts
are true; other wise, the conjunction is false.

First Conjunct Second Conjunct Conjunction

True True True

True False False

False True False

False False False

Ex.1
First Second Conjunction
Conjunct Conjunct
Plato is a Aristotle is a Plato and Aristotle
Proposition Philosopher philosopher are philosophers

Truth Value True True True

Ex.2
First Second Conjunction
Conjunct Conjunct
Plato and Isaac
Plato is a Isaac Newton is a
Proposition philosopher philosopher
Newton are
Philosopherd

Truth Value True False False

Disjunction –is true if atleast one of the disjunct is true. This
means that a disjunction is only false if both disjuncts are false.

First Disjunct Second Disjunct Disjunction

True True True
True False True

False True True

False False False

Ex.3 First Disjunct Second Disjunction
Disconjunct
Proposition Plato is a Philosopher Einstein is a Scientist Either Plato is a
Philosopher or
Einstein is a Scientist
Truth Value True True True

Ex.4
First Disjunct Second Disjunction
Disjunct
Proposition Plato is a scientist Einstein is a Either Plato is a
philosopher Scientist or Eintein is
a Philosopher
Truth Value False False False
 Conditional
Antecedent Consequent Proposition

True True True

Conditional Proposition becomes false

only if the antecedent is true,and the True False False
consequent is false.
*Antecedent-is the component
proposition that comes after the term if. False True True
*Consequent- comes after the term then.
False False True
Ex.5
Conditional
Antecedent Consequent proposition

If one person reuses

One person reuses Her or she helps lessen plastic container,then he
Proposition plastic containers. waste. or she helps lessen
waste.

True True True

True False False

Truth Value
False True True
False False True
Biconditional Propositiin is a conjunction of two conditional
propositions. The whole Biconditional proposition is true if its
component have the same truth value.

Ex.6
I will to the party if and only if Juan will go to the party.
Ex.7
First Conditional Second Conditional Biconditional
Proposition Proposition Proposition

Proposition I will go to tha party if I will go to the party I will go to the party if
Juan will go to the only if Juan will go to and only if Juan will go
party the party to the party
Truth Value True True True
THE END😉