EARTH AND

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

LIFE
UNIVERSAL SCHOLASTIC ACADEME, INC.

SCIENCE
Mr. CARLO D. PRIGO
SHS Instructor
INTRODUCTION TO
EARTH SCIENCE
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
It comprises various studies in interconnected layers
found in the surface of the Earth.

Earth scientists who are experts in the field of studying the

planet earth use tools in mathematics, physics, chemistry,
and even biology quantitatively to discover more about the
Earth’s excellence.
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
GEOLOGIC FIELD OF STUDY
Geology – Study of solid Earth and the processes by which they change.
Astrogeology Study of the solid features of any celestial body.
Mineralogy Study of all kinds of minerals.
Petrology Study of different kinds of rocks.
Paleontology Study of fossils formations and recordings.
Pedology Study of different kinds of soils and their characteristics.
Seismology Study of earthquakes existence.
Volcanology Study of basic and special features of volcanoes
Geomorphology Study of relief features of the earth or another celestial bodies.
Geochemistry Study of the chemical composition and changes that takes place chemically in the solid matter of the earth or of another celestial
body.

Sedimentology Study of rocks which are sedimentary and their inclusions.

Geodesy Investigate the shape of the Earth, its reaction to forces and its magnetic and gravity fields.
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
ATMOSPHERIC FIELD OF STUDY
Meteorology Study involve primarily the atmosphere, weather events, and variables that affect
weather conditions such as pressure and temperature.
Climatology Study of weather conditions in a long-term scale ranging from months to years.
Atmospheric Chemistry Study of the chemical properties and characteristics of the gaseous part of the earth and
changes happening to it.
Atmospheric Physics Study of the physical properties, processes and phenomena of the gaseous part of the
earth.
Aeronomy Study of the upper atmosphere of the planet or atmospheric regions above lower
stratosphere and phenomenon or events happened such as auroras or photochemical
processes.
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
HYDROLOGIC FIELD OF STUDY
Hydrology Study of the marine and freshwater domains of the watery parts of the Earth.
Oceanography (known as, Oceanology) Study of the oceans and seas
• Biological Oceanography
• Chemical Oceanography (Marine Chemistry)
• Geological Oceanography (Marine Geology)
• Physical Oceanography (Marine Physics)
Glaciology Study of the icy parts of the Earth (Cryosphere)
Hydrogeology Study of the saturated zone’s subsurface water or locating ground water.
Limnology Study of the inland seas and even lakes
Hydraulics Study of the movements of liquid state of water
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
ASTRONOMICAL FIELD OF STUDY
Astronomy Study of the celestial objects such as stars, galaxias, planets, moons, asteroids, comets,
and nebulae.
Cosmology Study of the universe as a whole
Astrophysics Study of the behavior, physical properties, and dynamics processes of celestial objects
and phenomena
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
INTERDISCIPLINARY IN EARTH SCIENCE
Biology It deals with the study of all living organisms in the biosphere.
Ecology It covers the interactions between the biota or living matter with their natural
environment.
Environmental Science It deals with the study on how to conserve and protect the environment against problems
in land, water, and air such as pollutions.
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
WHY WE NEED TO STUDY EARTH
SCIENCE?
1. It gives us the insight into the history of the Earth by providing the primary evidence for plate
tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates.
2. It is important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation, evaluating water resources,
understanding of natural hazards, the remediation of environmental problems, and for providing
insights into past climate change.
3. It gives both relative and absolute dates to geologic events. Use of these dates finds the rates in
which processes occur.
4. It helps locate and manage the Earth’s natural resources, such as petroleum and coal, as well as
mineral resources, which include metals such as iron, copper, and uranium.
5. It assures that the geologic factors affecting the location, design, construction, operation, and
maintenance of engineering works are properly addressed.
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
WHY WE NEED TO STUDY EARTH
SCIENCE?
6. It can be applied to various environmental problems such as stream restoration, the restoration of
brownfields, and understanding of the interaction between natural habitat and the geologic
environment.
7. It gives awareness on natural hazards in order to enact safe building code and warning systems that
are used to prevent loss of property and life.
8. It helps to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and give a given location through
weather forecasting.
9. It gives idea on the effects of weather and climate on plant distribution, crop yield, water-use
efficiency, phenology of plant and animal development, and the energy balance of managed and
natural ecosystems. Conversely, the role of vegetation on climate and weather is considered.
INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE
EARTH SCIENCE
WHY WE NEED TO STUDY EARTH
SCIENCE?
10. It helps investigates the distribution of radioactive aerosols and gases in the atmosphere.
11. It helps marine and aerial transportations on air and wave forecasts operating at sea or air.
12. It gives understanding on global climate changes, potential global warming and related biosphere
concerns.