SEAMANSHIP 4

TINAPAY RALPH DAVE P.

FINALS
 PROCEDURES IN
HANDLING
DANGEROUS GOODS
 HANDLING IMDG CARGO
• THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS (IMDG) CODE SPECIFIES
NORMS AND REGULATIONS FOR SHIPS CARRYING DIFFERENT TYPES OF
DANGEROUS GOODS. THE CODE HAS BEEN IMPLEMENTED TO PREVENT
ACCIDENTS OF FIRE/EXPLOSION AND ENSURE UTMOST SAFETY/SECURITY WHILE
HANDLING DANGEROUS CARGO. A PFSO WHO IS IN CHARGE OF THE OVERALL
SAFETY AND SECURITY OF THE CARGO WHILE IT IS BEING HANDLED ON PORT
FACILITIES AND TRANSFERRED FROM OR ONTO SHIPS, MUST KNOW THE
FOLLOWING TO AVOID ANY KIND OF ACCIDENTS OR COMPROMISES THAT CAN
HAPPEN WHEN HANDLING SENSITIVE CARGO.
KNOW THE CARGO GROUPS
IMDG CARGOES ARE DIVIDED INTO THREE MAIN GROUPS AND EACH HAS A
SPECIFIC PLAN TO STORE, TRANSPORT AND HANDLING IN CASE OF ACCIDENT OR
SPILL:

GROUP 1: CARGO WHICH ARE EXTREMELY DANGEROUS

GROUP 2: CARGO WITH MODERATE DANGER
GROUP 3: CARGO WITH LESS DANGE
 KNOW THE CLASSIFICATION OF
DANGEROUS CARGO

THE DANGEROUS CARGOES ARE SEGREGATED INTO VARIOUS SUB-CATEGORIES SO

AS TO PLAN THE CARRIAGE AS PER THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE CARGO. THIS
AVOIDS MISTAKES AND ENSURES PROPER PREVENTIVE ACTIONS THAT CAN BE
TAKEN IN CASE OF ANY INCIDENCE OR ACCIDENT.
 IMDG CARGO IS USUALLY CLASSIFIED INTO:
• CLASS 1: EXPLOSIVES
• CLASS 2.1: FLAMMABLE GASES
• CLASS 2.2: NON-FLAMMABLE/NON-TOXIC GASES
• CLASS 2.3: TOXIC GASES:
• CLASS 3: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
• CLASS 4.1: FLAMMABLE SOLIDS
• CLASS 4.2: SPONTANEOUSLY COMBUSTIBLE SUBSTANCES
• CLASS 4.3: SUBSTANCES THAT ARE DANGEROUS WHEN WET
• CLASS 5.1: OXIDISING SUBSTANCES
• CLASS 5.2: ORGANIC PEROXIDES
• CLASS 6: TOXIC SUBSTANCES
• CLASS 7: RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
• CLASS 8: CORROSIVE SUBSTANCES
• CLASS 9: MISCELLANEOUS DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES
 CHECK THE LABELS

• CHECK THAT ALL THE LABELS ON THE PACKAGES ARE VISIBLE AND
CLEARLY INDICATE THE TYPE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CARGO.
APPROPRIATE LABELS INDICATING THE HAZARD (FLAMMABLE,
TOXIC, CORROSIVE ETC.) ARE ALSO PASTED OVER THE PACKAGE.
THE LABEL MUST BE WATER RESISTANT SUCH THAT EVEN IN CASE
OF IMMERSION, IT SHOULD BE READABLE FOR AT LEAST 3 MONTHS.
 CHECK THE CARGO DOCUMENTS

ENSURE THAT BEFORE LOADING ANY IMDG CARGO, THE AGENT OR SHIPPER HAS
HANDED OVER THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET, STATING:

• THE TECHNICAL NAME OF THE CARGO CARRIED

• THE DECLARATION CERTIFICATE SAYING CARGO HAS BEEN PACKED AS PER THE
IMDG CODE
 CHECK THE CARGO FOR CORRECT
PACKAGING
IF THE IMDG CARGO IS LOADED IN A PACKAGE, ENSURE TO CHECK:

• ABSORBING OR CUSHIONING MATERIAL IS USED WITH THE PACKAGE

CONTAINING LIQUID CARGO, WHICH MUST BE COMPETENT OF ABSORBING THE
LIQUID IN CASE OF LEAKAGE
• THE PACKAGE IS KEPT WITH SUFFICIENT ULLAGE IF LIQUID CARGO IS CARRIED
• ALL CYLINDERS CARRYING IMDG CARGO ARE PRESSURE TESTED AND
CERTIFIED OK FOR USE
 CHECK WHEN HANDLING CARGO

WHILE HANDLING IMDG CARGO, CHECK THE FOLLOWING THINGS:

• IS THE PACKAGE STORED ACCORDING TO THE STOWAGE PLAN
• NO BUNKERING IS GOING ON OR IT IS STOPPED DURING THE TIME
OF LOADING OR OFFLOADING
• THE RADAR IS PUT OFF (APPLICABLE FOR CERTAIN CARGOES)
• THE PACKAGING IS WEATHER TIGHT
• THERE IS NO DAMAGE OR LEAKAGE
• FOLLOW PORT REGULATION ON IMDG CARGO
 INSPECT WHEN HANDLING
EXPLOSIVE CARGO
IF THE IMDG CARGO IS EXPLOSIVE, ENSURE TO ALSO CHECK THAT:

• THE PACKAGE IS STORED OVER A WOODEN PALLET

• ALL THE ELECTRICAL FITTINGS IN THAT REGION ARE
DISCONNECTED FROM THE SOURCE
• ALL ELECTRICAL WIRINGS ARE SHEATHED PROPERLY
• THE CARGO IS STOWED AWAY FROM ACCOMMODATION AND HOT
BULKHEAD
 KNOW THE EMERGENCY
PROCEDURE
IT IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE PFSO TO PREPARE HIMSELF AND HIS
COLLEAGUES FOR ANY KIND OF ACCIDENTS WHILE HANDLING SUCH
DANGEROUS CARGO. THE PFSO MUST READ AND UNDERSTAND :

• EMERGENCY PROCEDURE FOR RISK WHEN HANDLING IMDG CARGO

• FIRST AID GUIDE FOR ACCIDENTS INVOLVING IMDG CARGO
• RISK ASSOCIATED WITH CARGO BY UNDERSTANDING THE LABELS
 DISCUSS THE PROCEDURE IN
STOWING AND SECURING THE
DANGEROUS GOODS
ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT
STOWING STANDARDS
 STOWAGE PROCEDURE FOR DANGEROUS
GOODS

• ALL DANGEROUS GOODS SHOULD BE TIGHTLY STOWED AND WELL

SECURED AGAINST ANY MOVEMENT, INCLUDING CHAFE. SECURING
MATERIALS USED SHOULD BE COMPATIBLE WITH THE GOODS
THEMSELVES. DRUMS SHOULD BE STOWED CLOSE AND COMPACT,
BUNGS, OR CLOSURES UPPERMOST. ROLLING HOOPS SHOULD NOT
OVERRIDE.
 IMPORTANCE OF STOWING AND
SECURING CARGO
THE PROPER STOWAGE AND SECURING OF CARGOES IS OF THE
UTMOST IMPORTANCE FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA. IMPROPER
STOWAGE AND SECURING OF CARGOES HAS RESULTED IN
NUMEROUS SERIOUS SHIP CASUALTIES AND CAUSED INJURY AND
LOSS OF LIFE, NOT ONLY AT SEA BUT ALSO DURING LOADING AND
DISCHARGE.
 HOW WILL SAFE STOWAGE AND SECURING
OF CARGO BE ACHIEVED?

• THE SAFE STOWAGE AND SECURING OF CARGO DEPENDS

UPON PROPER PLANNING, EXECUTION AND SUPERVISION BY
PROPERLY QUALIFIED AND EXPERIENCED PERSONNEL. ADVANCE
PLANNING, EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION, AND CONTINUOUS SHIP
TO SHORE COMMUNICATION ARE ALL CRITICAL. CONTAINERS ARE
SIMPLY PACKAGES OF PRE-STOWED CARGO .
 METHODS OF CARGO SECURING
SECURING OF CARGO CAN BE MADE BY ANY OR IN COMBINATION OF THE
FOLLOWING METHODS:
• BLOCKING
EXAMPLES OF BLOCKING: FRONT WALL, WEDGES, DUNNAGE BAGS, CHOCKS AND
BEAMS.

• LASHINGS
EXAMPLES OF LASHINGS ARE WEB LASHINGS, LOAD BINDERS WITH CHAIN AND
FIXED WINCHES. THE EQUIPMENT CAN BE USED IN DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS
E.G. TOP-OVER LASHINGS (FRICTION LASHING), DIRECT LASHINGS AND LOOP
LASHINGS.

• LOCKING
MEANS THAT THE CARGO IS MECHANICALLY LOCKED TO THE LOAD BEARER.
ONE EXAMPLE IS TWIST LOCK FOR CONTAINERS.
 
 •DISCUSS THE REPORT TO THE
PERSON IN CHARGE ABOUT
CARGO DAMAGE AND PILFERAGE
INCLUDING DAMAGE TO SHIP
AND PEOPLE DURING CARGO
OPERATION
 CARGO DAMAGES

• IF CARGO DAMAGE HAS OCCURRED OR IS SUSPECTED, THE SHIP

MASTER SHOULD IMMEDIATELY INFORM THE CHARTERER AND THE
P&I CLUB. THE MAIN CONCERN IS WHEN THE RECEIVER REFUSES
TO ACCEPT DELIVERY OF THE DAMAGED CARGO, RESULTING IN A
LOSS TO THE VESSEL. THE FIRST AIM IS TO PERSUADE THE
RECEIVER TO ACCEPT THE CARGO. HOWEVER, THIS CAN ONLY BE
DONE BY AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CARRIER AND THE RECEIVER.
• IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THE RECEIVER AND THE CARRIER MAY
APPOINT A JOINT SURVEYOR TO REACH AN AGREEMENT ON THE
EXTENT OF DAMAGE. HOWEVER, FOR SHIP'S OFFICERS, IT IS VITAL
THAT THE FACTS ARE RECORDED IN THE APPROPRIATE LOGBOOK
AS SOON AS DAMAGE HAS BEEN DISCOVERED.
 TO SUPPORT A CLAIM, THE SURVEYOR MAY
REQUEST THAT THE SHIP PROVIDE THE
FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS:
 B/L AND CHARTERPARTY (IF ANY)
 DRAUGHT SURVEY REPORTS
 SHIPPER'S DECLARATION ALONG WITH ANY SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS OR
OBSERVATIONS ABOUT THE CARGO
 COPIES OF SHIP'S LOGBOOKS, SOUNDING RECORD BOOK, BALLAST
RECORD BOOK AND MAINTENANCE RECORD
 RECORD OF ANY CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE SHIP, CHARTERERS
AND STEVEDORES
 CARGO STOWAGE PLAN
 SHIP'S PARTICULARS INCLUDING COPIES OF SHIP'S PLANS.
BEFORE ANY DOCUMENTATION IS HANDED OVER, THE AUTHORITY
OF THE SHIP'S OPERATOR IS REQUIRED. THE SURVEYOR MAY ALSO
ASK FOR ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION, DEPENDING UPON THE
NATURE OF THE CARGO AND THE TRADE AREA.

IT MUST BE KEPT IN MIND THAT THE CARRIER MUST SHOW THAT THE
SHIP HAS BEEN MAINTAINED IN A SEAWORTHY CONDITION, THAT DUE
DILIGENCE HAS BEEN EXERCISED FOR THE SAFE CARRIAGE OF THE
CARGO AND THAT ANY DAMAGE TO THE CARGO HAS BEEN DUE TO
CIRCUMSTANCES BEYOND THE CONTROL OF SHIPBOARD OFFICERS.
IF THESE CAN BE PROVEN BY DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE A CLAIM
CAN BE AVOIDED.
 PILFERAGES (CARGO THEFT
INCIDENT REPORT)
• A SEPARATE CARGO THEFT INCIDENT REPORT IS TO BE SUBMITTED
FOR EACH CARGO THEFT INCIDENT. THIS FORM SHOULD BE USED
TO REPORT AN INCIDENT IN WHICH A CARGO THEFT OCCURRED,
ADJUST INFORMATION IN A PREVIOUSLY REPORTED INCIDENT,
DELETE ANY INCIDENT PREVIOUSLY REPORTED, OR REPORT ZERO
CARGO THEFTS FOR THE MONTH.
 ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION

• ORI NUMBER: (REQUIRED.) ENTER THE NINE-CHARACTER ORIGINATING AGENCY

IDENTIFIER ASSIGNED TO YOUR AGENCY.
• REPORT TYPE: (REQUIRED.) INDICATE THE TYPE OF REPORT AS INITIAL,
ADJUSTMENT, DELETE, OR ZERO
• INCIDENT NUMBER: (REQUIRED FOR INITIAL, ADJUSTMENT, AND DELETE
REPORTS; FOR ZERO REPORT, LEAVE BLANK.) PROVIDE AN IDENTIFYING
INCIDENT NUMBER, PREFERABLY YOUR CASE OR FILE NUMBER. THE NUMBER
CAN BE UP TO 12 CHARACTERS IN LENGTH. VALID CHARACTERS INCLUDE: A
THROUGH Z, 0 THROUGH 9, HYPHENS, AND/OR BLANKS.
• INCIDENT DATE: (REQUIRED FOR INITIAL AND ADJUSTMENT REPORTS.) PROVIDE THE
DATE OF THE CARGO THEFT INCIDENT IN THE FORMAT OF YYYYMMDD. IF THE INCIDENT
DATE IS UNKNOWN, ENTER THE DATE OF THE REPORT AND CHECK THE “REPORT DATE
INDICATOR.”
• INCIDENT HOUR: (REQUIRED FOR INITIAL AND ADJUSTMENT REPORTS.) PROVIDE THE
HOUR WHEN THE CARGO THEFT INCIDENT OCCURRED OR STARTED OR THE BEGINNING
OF THE TIME PERIOD IN WHICH IT OCCURRED (AS APPROPRIATE). MILITARY 24-HOUR
TIME SHOULD BE USED. IF THE INCIDENT HOUR IS UNKNOWN, THE HOUR SHOULD BE
LEFT BLANK. IF THE INCIDENT OCCURRED ON OR BETWEEN MIDNIGHT AND 0059, 00
SHOULD BE ENTERED; IF ON OR BETWEEN 0100 AND 0159, 01 SHOULD BE ENTERED; IF
ON OR BETWEEN 2300 AND 2359, 23 SHOULD BE ENTERED, ETC. IF THE INCIDENT
OCCURRED AT EXACTLY MIDNIGHT, IT IS TO BE CONSIDERED TO HAVE OCCURRED AT
THE BEGINNING OF THE NEXT DAY, AS IF THE CRIME OCCURRED AT 1 MINUTE PAST
MIDNIGHT.
 DAMAGE TO SHIP DURING CARGO
OPERATION
THE RESPONSIBLE PERSON IN CHARGE MUST PREPARE A REPORT,
WHICH AS A STANDARD SHOULD CONTAIN DETAILS REGARDING:
• NAME OF VESSEL
• NAME OF ASSURED SHIP OWNER
• VOYAGE DETAILS (INSOFAR AS RELEVANT)
• POSITION / PORT OF INCIDENT
• DATE AND TIME OF THE INCIDENT / DAMAGES CAUSED
• BILL OF LADING NO. (IF RELEVANT)
• KIND / SPECIE AND APPROXIMATE NUMBERS/VOLUME/VALUE OF CARGO
OR DAMAGED PROPERTY OR PERSON(S) INJURED IN QUESTION
• NAME OF CLAIMANT
• KIND AND ESTIMATION OF EXTENT OF DAMAGES CAUSED
• POSSIBLE CAUSES OF DAMAGE / LOSS
• LIMIT ANY REPORT TO FACTS, NOT PERSONAL OPINIONS:
• DO NOT GIVE AN OPINION, ESPECIALLY IN THE ACCIDENT REPORT, AS TO
WHO WAS RESPONSIBLE
• DO NOT ALLOW CREW MEMBERS TO EXPRESS OPINIONS TOWARDS THIRD
PARTIES OUTSIDE THE VESSEL
• DO NOT ALREADY ADMIT ANY LIABILITY, EITHER VERBALLY OR WRITING
• DO NOT SIGN A DOCUMENT, WHICH YOU KNOW CONTAINS INCORRECT
INFORMATION
DISCUSS THE GUIDELINES ON THE
ENHANCE SURVEY PROGRAM WITH
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURVEYS:
-RENEWAL SURVEY
-ANNUAL SURVEY
-REPORTING AND EVALUATION SURVEY
 RENEWAL SURVEY

1. THE RENEWAL SURVEY SHALL BE SUCH AS TO ENSURE THAT THE

EQUIPMENT, SYSTEMS, FITTINGS, ARRANGEMENTS AND MATERIAL
FULLY COMPLY WITH APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS ON ANNEXES.
FOR THE RADIO INSTALLATIONS, INCLUDING THOSE USED IN LIFE-
SAVING APPLIANCES, OF CARGO SHIPS THE EXAMINATION OF
CURRENT CERTIFICATES AND OTHER RECORDS SHOULD CONSIST
OF:
- THE PROVISIONS OF (RP) 4.2.1, EXCEPT FOR THE VALIDITY OF THE
CARGO SHIP SAFETY RADIO CERTIFICATE.
 FOR THE RADIO INSTALLATIONS, INCLUDING THOSE USED IN
RADIO LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES, OF CARGO SHIPS THE RENEWAL
SURVEY SHOULD CONSIST OF:
- THE PROVISIONS OF (RI) 4.1.2.
FOR THE RADIO INSTALLATIONS, INCLUDING THOSE USED IN
RADIO LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES, ON CARGO SHIPS THE
COMPLETION OF THE RENEWAL SURVEY SHOULD CONSIST OF:
- AFTER A SATISFACTORY SURVEY, ISSUING THE CARGO SHIP
SAFETY RADIO CERTIFICATE AS PER THE PROVISIONS OF (RI)
4.1.4.
 ANNUAL SURVEY
-FOR AIRPOLLUTION PREVENTION THE EXAMINATION OF CURRENT
CERTIFICATES AND OTHER RECORDS SHOULD CONSIST OF:
- CHECKING THE VALIDITY, AS APPROPRIATE, OF THE CARGO SHIP SAFETY
EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATE, THE CARGO SHIP SAFETY RADIO CERTIFICATE AND
THE CARGO SHIP SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CERTIFICATE OR THE CARGO SHIP
SAFETY CERTIFICATE;

- CHECKING THE VALIDITY OF THE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

CERTIFICATE (SMC) AND THAT A COPY OF THE DOCUMENT OF
COMPLIANCE (DOC) IS ON BOARD, WHERE APPLICABLE;
• -CHECKING THE VALIDITY OF THE INTERNATIONAL LOAD LINE
CERTIFICATE OR INTERNATIONAL LOAD LINE EXEMPTION CERTIFICATE;
• -CHECKING THE VALIDITY OF THE INTERNATIONAL OIL POLLUTION
PREVENTION CERTIFICATE;
• -CHECKING THE CERTIFICATES OF CLASS, IF THE SHIP IS CLASSED WITH A
CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY;
• -CHECKING, WHEN APPROPRIATE, THE VALIDITY OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CERTIFICATE OF FITNESS FOR THE CARRIAGE OF DANGEROUS CHEMICALS
IN BULK OR THE CERTIFICATE OF FITNESS FOR THE CARRIAGE OF
DANGEROUS CHEMICALS IN BULK;
• -CHECKING THAT THE SHIP'S COMPLEMENT COMPLIES WITH THE
MINIMUM SAFE MANNING DOCUMENT (SOLAS 74/88, REGULATION
V/13(B));
- CHECKING THAT THE MASTER, OFFICERS AND RATINGS ARE
CERTIFICATED AS REQUIRED BY THE STCW CONVENTION;
-CHECKING WHETHER ANY NEW EQUIPMENT HAS BEEN FITTED AND,
IF SO, CONFIRMING THAT IT HAS BEEN APPROVED BEFORE
INSTALLATION AND THAT ANY CHANGES ARE REFLECTED IN THE
APPROPRIATE CERTIFICATE.

FOR AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION THE ANNUAL SURVEY SHOULD

CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING:
-CONFIRM THAT NO CHANGES HAVE BEEN MADE OR ANY NEW
EQUIPMENT INSTALLED WHICH WOULD AFFECT THE VALIDITY OF
THE CERTIFICATE;
 REPORT AND EVALUATION SURVEY

• REPORTING FORMATS SHOULD BE WORKED OUT INDIVIDUALLY BY

THE ADMINISTRATION. AS A PRINCIPLE THE FOLLOWING CONTENTS
OF REPORTS FOR OIL TANKER STRUCTURES SHOULD BE INCLUDED
AS APPLICABLE FOR THE SURVEY.
• 1 TYPE OF SURVEY (PERIODICAL SURVEY, INTERMEDIATE
ENHANCED SURVEY, ANNUAL SURVEY, OTHER)

1.1 DATE, LOCATION, WHETHER OR NOT THE SURVEY WAS IN DRY-

DOCK AND WHETHER OR NOT THE SURVEY WAS COMPLETED.

1.2 DATE OF THE PREVIOUS:

- BOTTOM INSPECTION
- DRY-DOCKING
 • 2 EXTENT OF THE SURVEY

2.1 IDENTIFICATION OF OVERALL SURVEYED TANKS.

2.2 WHERE IN EACH TANK CLOSE-UP SURVEY HAS BEEN CARRIED
OUT, AND MEANS OF ACCESS.
2.3 IDENTIFICATION OF TANKS AND LOCATION OF STRUCTURES TO BE
GIVEN WITH RESPECT TO THE THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS CARRIED
OUT.
2.4 IDENTIFICATION OF PRESSURE-TESTED TANKS.
 • 3 RESULTS OF THE SURVEY

3.1 COATING CONDITION OF EACH TANK (IF APPLICABLE). IDENTIFICATION

OF TANKS WITH ANODES.
3.2 STRUCTURAL CONDITION OF EACH TANK:
- IDENTIFIED TANK FOUND IN SATISFACTORY CONDITION. OTHERWISE
IDENTIFICATION OF FINDINGS WHICH SHOULD BE CORRECTED OR
RECORDED, SUCH AS:
CORROSION: - STRUCTURE MEMBERS
- TYPE OF CORROSION (PITTING, GENERAL)
- EXTENT
CRACKS (LOCATION)
BUCKLING (LOCATION)
INDENTS (LOCATION)
THE NARRATIVE REPORT MAY BE SUPPLEMENTED BY SKETCHES/PHOTOS OF
DAMAGES/REPAIRS.

3.3 THICKNESS MEASUREMENT REPORT ENDORSED BY THE ATTENDING

SURVEYOR.
• 4 ACTIONS TO POSSIBLE FINDINGS

4.1 REPAIR IN IDENTIFIED TANKS:

- STRUCTURAL MEMBER
- REPAIR METHOD
- REPAIR EXTENT

4.2 RECORDED FINDINGS CONSIDERED NOT TO NECESSITATE IMMEDIATE

REPAIRS. MEMORANDA FOR FUTURE INSPECTIONS AND THICKNESS
MEASUREMENTS SHOULD BE GIVEN, E.8. FOR AREAS FOUND AS SUSPECT
WITH RESPECT TO CORROSION (SEE 1.2.6 OF THE GUIDELINES).

4.3 CONDITION OF CLASS/FLAG STATE REQUIREMENTS.

THE STRUCTURE OF THE REPORTING CONTENTS MAY BE DIFFERENT,
DEPENDING ON THE REPORT SYSTEM FOR THE ADMINISTRATION.
THANK
YOU
SIR!!!