Evolution of Mobile Technology

GSM to 3G Aatif

The History of GSM

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1980 Analogue Cellular Telephone Systems

Each country had own system (No compatibility)

1982 CEPT Groupe Spcial Mobile (GSM)

European Commission issued directives to reserve 900 MHz bandwidth to enable roaming.

1989 GSM responsibility transferred to ETSI

ESTI defined GSM as internationally accepted digital cellular telephony standard

1990 Phase I GSM specifications published

History Cont...
Mid 1991 Commercial service started y 1992 First GSM network operator Radiolinja y 1993 36 GSM networks in 22 countries
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Roaming agreement established between operators

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1994 69 GSM networks

GSM Global System for Mobile interaction First network in Africa

1995 GSM Phase II standardization

History Cont...
1996 Pre paid SIM cards launched y 1997 First Dual Band GSM phone launched y 1998 Vodacom introduced free Voice mail y 1999 GPRS & WAP trials
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Bluetooth specification v1.0 released

2000 First GPRS network rolled out y 2001- Popularity of SMS (16 billion messages)
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Evolving Mobile Market & Technology

Users increased by 20% since 2001 500,000 users being added each day

3G - Expected Costs (Compared to GSM)

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WCDMA - 10 times as much traffic as compared to GSM At cost premium of 1 to 1.5 times that of GSM 20% - 30% lower capital expenditure 60 % fewer sites required for base stations initial voice coverage 40 % fewer sites required for base stations data coverage

Key Aspects
Global Roaming Key driver in massive global success of GSM (Interoperability between networks) y GSM handset models y

Around 600 handset models to choose from More homogeneous frequency allocation as compared to CDMA GPRS A new business model for packet switched services

USIM
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USIM - Security access, Virus intrusion, Customer profile, Authentication, Downloading etc.
Prepaid service activation & control Information services Directory services Mobile banking

3G Revenue Growth

3G Service Evolution

Network Evolution

GSM evolution path to 3G

Terminals & Spectrum Development

Perceived PPS environment

Intrapsychic environment Conceiving it. y Construction/Manufacturing environment Feasibility y Adaptation environment Salability y Use environment - Usability y Failure environment Sustainability y Scrapping environment Terminability y Political & Ecological environment
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Conclusion Patterns of Innovation

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GSM Knight's move ?

Introduction of new unproven digital technology

GSM to 3G More of the same ?

Builds on existing GSM technology

SMS to MMS Passing over quantity over quality ?

Leading to ' infotrainment '