THE LIFE OF

RIZAL
CONTENTS
▫ Early Life and Influence on Rizal;
▫ The Propaganda Movement as
Assimilationist;
▫ Causes and Effects of Rizal’s Execution on
Spanish Colonial Rule and the Philippine
Revolution; and
▫ Annotation of Rizal on Sucesos De Las Islas
Filipinas.
2
PEOPLE AND EVENTS
AND THEIR
INFLUENCE ON

1
RIZAL’S EARLY LIFE
CURRENT SPEAKER: VILLAFRANCA
JOSÉ PROTASIO
RIZAL MERCADO Y
ALONSO REALONDA
•Patriot
•Physician
•National Hero and Pride of the
Malayan Race

4
JOSÉ PROTASIO
RIZAL MERCADO Y
ALONSO REALONDA
• Noli Me Tangere (1887) & El
Filibusterismo (1891)
• June 19, 1861

5
RIZAL’S FAMILY

6
FRANCISCO MERCADO RIZAL TEODORA ALONSO QUINTOS

7
SIBLINGS:
SATURNINA RIZAL
(1850 – 1913)
• Eldest child of the Rizal-
Alonzo marriage.
• Taught Rizal along with her
Mother.

8
SIBLINGS:
PACIANO RIZAL
(1851-1930)
• Only brother of Jose Rizal
• Major General when he fought
for the Revolution

9
SIBLINGS:
NARCISCA RIZAL
(1852-1930)
• Third Child
• Could recite from memory
almost all the poems of Dr.
Rizal

10
SIBLINGS:
OLYMPIA RIZAL
(1855-1887)
• Fourth Child
• She’s a telegraph

11
SIBLINGS:
LUCIA RIZAL
(1857-1919)
• Fifth Child
• Her husband was denied of
Christian burial because he was
the brother in law of Dr. Jose
Rizal.

12
SIBLINGS:
MARIA RIZAL
(1859-1945)
• Sixth Child
• She is the sixth child and she
married Daniel Faustino Cruz,
son of a wealthy family in
Binan, Laguna.

13
SIBLINGS:
CONCEPTION RIZAL
(1862-1865)
• Died at the age of 3
• It is said that her death was
Rizal’s first sorrow

14
SIBLINGS:
Josefa Rizal
(1865-1945)
• President of the Katipunan's
Women's Chapter
• She promoted ideas of
liberalism through the Logia de
Adopcion

15
SIBLINGS:
TRINIDAD RIZAL
(1868-1951)
• Member of the Women’s
section of Katipunan
• She died of Spinster and the
last of the family to die.

16
SIBLINGS:
SOLEDAD RIZAL
(1870-1929)
• is the youngest of the child
• She became a teacher and is
said to have been “the best
educated” among the sisters of
Rizal.

17
BOYHOOD INFLUENCES

18
INFLUENCES:
HEREDITARY
• Malayan: love for freedom, desire to
travel, and indomitable courage.
• Chinese: serious nature, frugality,
patience, love for children.
• Spanish: elegance of bearing, sensitivity
to insult, gallantry to ladies.
• Father: profound sense of self-respect,
love for work, independent thinking
• Mother: religious nature, spirit of self-
sacrifice, passion for arts and literature

19
INFLUENCES:
ENVIRONMENTAL
• Calamba, Rizal Family Garden –
stimulated inborn artistic and literary
talents.
• Religious atmosphere of his home –
fortified his religious nature.
• Paciano – love for freedom and justice
• Sisters – courtesy and kindness to
women
• Aya (Yaya) – interest in folklore and
legends.

20
INFLUENCES: DIVINE
PROVIDENCE
• God endowed Rizal with the versatile
gifts of a genius, the vibrant spirit of a
nationalist, the valiant heart to sacrifice
for a noble cause.

21
EDUCATION

22
Dona Teodora

▫ His first teacher was his mother. She was patient,

conscientious and , understanding
▫ She discovered that her son had a talent for poetry
▫ She encouraged him to write poems

23
Private Tutors
of Riza
▫ Maestro Celestino
▫ Maestro Lucas
▫ Leon Monroy

24
Rizal goes to
Binan,
Laguna: ▫ June, 1869 Rizal left for Binan
▫ Was accompanied by Paciano his older brother
▫ He was taught by Maestro Justiniano
▫ In academic studies, Rizal beat all Binan boys
▫ He surpassed them all in Spanish, Latin, and other
subjects

25
“ In 1871, not long prior to entering
auxiliary school, Rizal saw
firsthand-the horrible treacheries of
the Spanish System, the accusation
and imprisonment of her mother.

26
“

▫ Ateneo de Manila in 1872

27
Life and
Studies in
Ateneo: ▫ Ateneo De Municipal established by the Jesuits
▫ Rizal entered in 1872
▫ He graduated on March 23, 1877(16 years old)
▫ Received the degree of bachelor of arts, with highest
honors not a Valedictorian

28
Extra
Curricular
Involvement ▫ Active member and became a secretary, the Marian
Congregation Religious Society
▫ Member of the Academy of Spanish Literature and the
Academy of Natural Sciences
▫ Improved his sculpture talents under the supervision
of Romualdo de Jesus
▫ Engaged in gymnastics and fencing and continued the
physical training under his sports-minded Tio Manuel.

29
“

▫ Universidad de Santo Tomás in 1877

30
Medical
Studies in
University of ▫ He finished a year in Philosophy and Letters
Sto. Thomas ▫ UST was under the Dominicans , rival of the Jesuits in
(1877-1882) education
▫ As a Thomasian he won more literary laurels
▫ During his first term in 1877-1878 in UST, he studied
Cosmology, Metaphysics , Theodicy and History of
Philosophy.
▫ - It was during the school term 1878-1879 that Rizal
pursued his studies in medicine
31
Moments that “particularly wounded” Rizal to the core.

“ ▫ Failed to salute a passing lieutenant of the

constabulary.
▫ The overseer of the lands, feeling slighted in
a tiff, capriciously changed the terms of the
Rizal’s leasing agreement, and eventually
doubled their rent.

32
Pre- Med
Course
▫ Rizal then decided to study in Spain.
▫ Academic Journey To Spain ( 1882-1885 )
▫ To avoid detection , he used the name Jose Mercado

33
“ ▫ “El amor patrio” (“Love of
Country”,)

- which was published in the

prestigious Manila newspaper
Diariong Tagalog under the
pseudonym Laong Laan (“Ever
Ready”).

34
Pre- Med
Course
▫ On November 3, 1882, he enrolled in Universidad
Central de Madrid taking up two courses: Philosophy
an Letters and Medicine
▫ On June 21, 1884 , he conferred the degree of
Licentiate in Medicine

35
Opthalmology
studies and
travels in ▫ Jose Rizal went to Paris and Germany in order to
Europe specialize in ophthalmology. Among all branches, he
chose this specialization because he wanted to cure his
mother’s failing eyesight.
▫ In 1885, after studying at the Universidad Central de
Madrid, Rizal, who was then 24 years old, went to
Paris to acquire more knowledge in ophthalmology

36
PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT AS AN

2
ASSIMILATIONIST
CURRENT SPEAKER: LAURENTE
The Illustrados
• Dr. Jose Rizal,
• Marcelo H. del Pilar, and
• Graciano Lopez Jaena

38
Assimilationist
“ ▫ is a person who advocates or participates
racial or cultural integration.

39
Assimilationist
• Rizal started contributing to the
short-lived bilingual newspaper,
“Diarong Tagalog,” together with
Marcelo H. del Pilar.
• Most of Rizal’s contributions were
focused on the idea of national
regeneration through education

40
1884
• Juan Luna received an
award for his “Spolarium”
and;
• Felix Resureccion Hidalgo
for his “Virgenes Christianas
Expuestas al Populacho.”

41
SPOLARIUM
• Juan Luna received an
award for his “Spolarium”
and

42
VIRGENES CHRISTIANAS EXPUESTAS AL
POPULACHO
• Juan Luna received an
award for his “Spolarium”
and

43
1885, 1888
• It was in 1885 that Rizal
became more active in
contributing to various
newspapers. In 1888, Rizal
joined an organization
composed of Filipino liberals
exiled in Spain, the La
Solidaridad. The
organization aimed to raise
the awareness of Spain on
the needs of its colony, the
Philippines.

44
“Young Women of
Malolos”
• published on February 22,
1889. It recognized the
efforts and bravery of 20
women from Malolos who
wrote a petition letter to
Governor General Valeriano
Weyler

45
“The Philippines a
Century Hence. ”
• It analyzes the various
causes of this miseries
suffered by the Filipino
people under the Spanish
Colonizers.

46
“The Indolence of the
Filipinos”
• a response to the
accusations of the
Spaniards that the Filipinos
were indolent.

47
Ending
▫The Propaganda
Movement languished after
Rizal's arrest in 1892 and the
collapse of the Liga Filipina. La
Solidaridad went out of
business in November 1895,
and in 1896 both del Pilar and
Lopez Jaena died in
Barcelona, worn down by
poverty and disappointment.
48
Ending
▫An attempt was made to
reestablish the Liga Filipina,
but the national movement had
become split between ilustrado
advocates of reform and
peaceful evolution (the
compromisarios, or
compromisers) and a plebeian
constituency that wanted
revolution and national
independence.
49
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF
RIZAL’S EXECUTION ON
SPANISH COLONIAL RULE
AND THE PHILIPPINE

3
REVOLUTION
CURRENT SPEAKERS: BERRAS and GAMIT
 ▫Jose Rizal’s arrival in
Manila on June 26, 1892
become very sensational
among the Filipinos. His
popularity feared the
Spaniards, and such pad
careful attention to his every
move – all houses where he
had been were searched and
the Filipinos seen in his
company were suspected.

51
 ▫on July 3, 1892 he
founded the La Liga
Filipina in the house of
Doreto Ongjunco in
Tondo Manila.

52
 RIZAL 1. The first ground is “for
publishing anti-Catholic and
WAS anti-friar books and articles.
ARRESTED
ON FOUR
GROUNDS:

53
 2. Second is for having in
RIZAL possession, a bundle of
handbills, the Pobres Frailes,
WAS in which advocacies were in
violation of the Spanish
ARRESTED Orders;

ON FOUR
GROUNDS:

54
 3. Third is for dedicating his
RIZAL novel El filibusterismo to the
three “traitors” GomBurZa
WAS and for emphasizing on the
novel’s title page that “The
ARRESTED only ssalvation for the
Philippines was separation
ON FOUR from the mother country”; and
GROUNDS:

55
 4. For simply criticizing the
RIZAL religion and aiming for its
exclusion from the Filipino
WAS Culture.

ARRESTED
ON FOUR
GROUNDS:

56
 ▫Following Rizal's exile,
Andres Bonifacio, a self-
educated man of humble
origins, founded the Katipunan
(KKK)
▫Kataastaasan
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan

57
 ▫The Katipunan
gradually spread from
Manila's Tondo district,
where Bonifacio founded
it, to the provinces, and
by August 1896, on the
eve of the revolt against
Spain, it had 30,000
members, both men and
women.

58
 ▫This organization, which
was inspired in part by
Masonic lodges, was
dedicated to achieving
independence from Spain.
Rizal, Lopez Jaena, del Pilar,
and other leaders of the
Propaganda Movement were
Masons, and the Catholic
Church considered Masonry to
be heretical.

59
 Rizal remained in exile at
Dapitan during the early years
of the Katipunan.
▫ He had promised the Spanish
governor that he would not
attempt an escape, which
would have been relatively
easy in that remote part of the
country.

60
“ He believed in the decency of
Spanish "men of honor" until the
end.

61
In February 1895, the Cuban
Revolution broke out, and
Rizal applied to the governor to
be sent to the yellow fever-
infested island as an army
doctor, believing that it was the
only way he could keep his
word to the governor while also
escaping exile.

62
 ▫However, the governor,
apparently compelled by
reactionary elements, ordered
Rizal's arrest en route, and he
was returned to Manila to face
a military court as an
accomplice of the insurgency.

63
 ▫On December 26,
a brief trial was held,
and Rizal was found
guilty and sentenced to
death with little
opportunity to defend
himself. On December
30, 1896, he was led to
the Luneta and executed
by firing squad.

64
“ Bonifacio cited that Rizal’s
execution was the “last straw” that
the Spaniards will ever draw and so
began the end of the revolution.

65
  MAGDALO (to come)
led by Emilio
Aguinaldo’s cousin,
Baldomero Aguinaldo;
and
MAGDALO FLAG
 MAGDIWANG (to
celebrate) led by
Bonifacio’s uncle-in-
law, Mariano Alvarez.

MAGDIWANG FLAG

66
 Bonifacio was arrested,
tried, and executed by
order of Aguinaldo on
May 10, 1897.
As the year progressed,
Aguinaldo himself suffered
setbacks at the hands of
Spanish troops, fleeing
Cavite in June and
retreating to Biak-na-Bato in
Bulacan Province.

67
 ▫By mid-December,
an agreement had been
reached under which the
governor would pay
Aguinaldo the equivalent
of US$800,000 in
exchange for the rebel
leader and his
government going into
exile.

68
RIZAL AND MORGA’S
DIFFERENT VIEWS ABOUT
FILIPINOS AND PHILIPPINE

4
CULTURE
CURRENT SPEAKERS: CADAOAS and QUIOCHO
 ▫Sucesos De Las Islas
Filipinas is one of the important
works on the early history of
the Spanish colonization of the
Philippines, and it was
published in Mexico, 1609 by
Antonio De Morga.

70
Antonio de Morga
• is a Spanish conquistador,
government official, and
historical anthropologist.
• His history is valuable in that
Morga had access to the
survivors of the earliest days of
the colony and he, himself,
participated in many of the
accounts that he rendered.

71
The book Sucesos De Las
Islas Filipinas narrates the
history of wars, intrigues,
diplomacy, and evangelization
of the Philippines in a
somewhat disjointed way.

72
“ Morga: “the deeds achieved by our Spaniards is the
discovery, conquest, and conversion of the Filipino
Islands – as well as various fortunes that they have from
time to time in the great kingdoms and among the pagan
peoples surrounding the islands.”

73
Morga: “the deeds achieved by our Spaniards is the

“
discovery, conquest, and conversion of the Filipino
Islands – as well as various fortunes that they have from
time to time in the great kingdoms and among the pagan
peoples surrounding the islands.”

Rizal:“the conversion and conquest were not as

widespread as portrayed because the missionaries were
only successful in conquering a portion of the population
of certain Islands.”

74
Ferdinand Blumentrit
• The annotation on Sucesos De
las Islas Filipinas were devoted
4 months of research and writing
and almost a year to get his
manuscript published in Paris in
January 1890.
• His annotations of Morga’s work
has a number of no less than
639 items or almost two
annotations per page.

75
“ Morga: “they prefer to eat salt fish which begins to
decompose and smell.”

76
 “
Morga: “they prefer to eat salt fish which begins to
decompose and smell.”

Rizal: “this is another preoccupation of the Spaniards

who, like any other nation in that manner of food, loathe
that to which they are not accustomed or is unknown to
them… The fish that Morga mentions does not taste better
when it is beginning to rot; all on the contrary, it is
bagoong, and all those who have eaten it and tasted it
know it is not or ought not to be rotten.”

77
PERSPECTIVES AND SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

▫ Geography,
▫ Society and Culture,
▫ Faith and Beliefs,
▫ and Economy and Government before the
advent of the Spanish Colonialism.

78
GEOGRAPHY

79
Morga: Rizal:
• Philippines was deserted and • In Ptolemy’s geography, it
unhabitable. indicated the inhabitants of the
islands Sinadae, Gilolo, and
Amboida. Thus, Philippines was
not deserted and was habitable.

There are also accounts that shows Rizal

annotating the season here in the Philippines
and how it affects the activities of the natives,
correcting the duration of the months of rainy
and dry seasons.
80
SOCIETY AND CULTURE

81
Morga:
• a lawlaw is a very small fish
which is netted, dried in the sun
or air, then cooked in various
ways.
Rizal:
• lawlaw is called a salted and
dried sardine. He said that
Morga seems to refer to tawilis
of Batangas or dilis.
82
Morga:
• A house with the parents and
children in room together is
called “bahandin”. And that
according to Morga, Inasawa is
a wife married to a native man.
Rizal:
• a house is called
“pamamahay.” Rizal said
that it is impossible that
bahandin has been printed
for bahayin, because it is an
obsolete derivative. And that
“asawa” is the term called
for the wife of a native man.
83
Morga:
• “namamahay” are those who
help build their master’s house,
and serve frequently as helpers
when there are guests, and
serve their master when the
master requires them to, without
compensation.
Rizal:
• “namamahay slaves” still
exist but they are now called
‘kasama’. They are now
partners or laborers of a
capitalist or farmer native
man.
84
Morga: Rizal:
• the groom contributes a dowry, • argued that a Filipino
that he had received from his woman helps his husband
parents, while the bride does not and is not seen as a burden
bring anything until she inherits when they get married. To a
some from her parents. man, marrying means
getting introduced to a
lifestyle that a bachelor is
not accustomed with.
especially in terms
economy, or financially.

85
FAITH AND BELIEFS

86
Morga:
• that crocodiles that are superior
to the natives. And that these
reptiles are involved to the oaths
and execrations hurdled to their
hated people even among
Christians.
Rizal:
• that the mysterious life of
the crocodiles influenced
the imaginations of the
Malayan Filipinos and that
there had been friars eaten
By crocodiles while Indios
escaped.
87
Morga:
• that Filipinos are fond of taking a
bathe without regard to whether
this might be injurious to their
health.
Rizal:
• that the natives are very
careful not to take a bathe
during siesta, after
luncheon, first two days of
catarrh. And that these are
called hygienic custom or
proper way of taking a bath.
88
Morga: Rizal:
• that there were no priest or a • that these priests,
man of religion to attend to “Catalona / Babaylan” are
religious matters except old well-dressed rich people
men, sorcerers and wizards. that were not honored
because they are
considered as loafers.

89
ECONOMY AND GOVERNMENT

90
Morga: Rizal:
• stated that cotton is raised • added that Filipinos also
through the island and that they harvest rice along with
spin it to thread and sell it. cotton and that out of cotton
textile, there was an
encomendero who left a
fortune of about 50,000.

91
Morga:
• that Filipinos sell artifacts to the
Japanese, and as a matter of
fact, these vases have become
very scarce because it is always
a demand for them.
Rizal:
• added that there are
readings such that of Dr.
Jagor whom was able to
attain one in Ligaman,
Camarines Sur. Stating that
it is a pity that these
artifacts has not been
studied.
92
Morga: Rizal:
• also stated that instead of kings, • pointed out that ‘friendly
in every island or provinces, relations’ were more
many principals were known common than those of wars.
among the people, some being
more important and having
followers, which families and
barrios obeyed and respected.

93
Ferdinand Blumentrit
• First is that “Filipinos were an
Inferior race,”
• Second point is that “Filipinos
were not ready for
parliamentary representations
and other reforms,” and
• Lastly is that “Denial of Equal
rights can be compensated by
struct dispensation of
Justice.”

94
“ If the book succeeds in awakening in you the
consciousness of our past which has been obliterated
from memory and rectifying has been falsified and
calumniated, I shall not have laborede in vain, and on
such basis, little though it may be, we can devote
ourselves to studying the future.

95
Jose Rizal
1) The people of the Philippines
had a culture on their own,
before the coming of the
Spaniards.
2) Filipinos were decimated,
demoralized, exploited and
ruined by the Spanish
colonization.
3) The present state of the
Philippines is not necessarily
superior to its past.
96