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SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
THEORY

MELISSA V. CLORES
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Frederick Winslow Taylor’s Life
Era of Industrialization, The Pros and Cons
The Philosophy Behind Scientific Management
Theory
Principles of Scientific Management Theory
Advantages and Disadvantages of Scientific
Management Theory
Motive Questions:
1. What is a Theory?
2. What is the significance of theories in Educational
Management
3. How does scientific management theory improves
economic efficiency especially labor productivity
  Frederick Winslow Taylor, was born on March
20, 1856, into an upper class liberal
Philadelphia family.
 He started as shop clerk and quickly
progressed to machinist, foreman,
maintenance foreman, and chief draftsman.
 Taylor wanted to make organizations more
standardized efficiently and productive by
studying their work process closely.

1856 - 1919
 ERA OF INDUSTRIALIZATION

• The Industrial Revolution was

widespread replacement of manual
labor by machines that began in Britain
in the 18th century with the
introduction of steam power and
powered machinery (mainly in textile
manufacturing).
 CONS OF ERA OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
• It changed our societies from a
mainly agricultural society to one that
in which industry and manufacturing
was in control.

• During this time there were also

many new technological
advancements however
socioeconomic, cultural and
environmental problems arised.
 PROS OF ERA OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
1 It increased job
opportunities.
2. Production levels increased.
3. Competition was created
 SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY

 Also known as Taylorism.

 Standardised approach to optimizing work for a more efficient workforce.
 Applying science to work – Studying tasks carefully and systematically at the micro level to
speed up work.
 Wanted to break away “rules of thumb”.
The Philosophy Behind Scientific Management

In “the Principles of Scientific Management,” Taylor starts with the following

statement: “The principal object of management should be to secure the maximum
prosperity for the employer, coupled with the maximum prosperity for each
[employee].”
Frederick Taylor’s Four Principle of Scientific Management Theory

1. Develop a science for each element of work

2. Scientifically Select, Train, Teach, and Develop the worker
3. Cooperate with the Worker
4. Divide the Work and Responsibility
Principle One: Develop a science for each element of work
Principle Two: Scientifically Select, Train, and
Develop the worker
Principle Three: Cooperate with the Worker
Principle Four: Divide the Work and
Responsibility
 SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY

• ADVANTAGES
 Increased Productivity
 Fewer employee needed
 Consistent products & quality
 Most productive employees receive
wages
• DISADVANTAGES
 Unsatisfied employee
 Created unemployment & strike action
 Loss of individual initiative
 Survival of the fittest environment
References:
https://nanoglobals.com/glossary/scientific-management-theory-of-frederick-taylor/#fnref:4

https://openlibrary.org/works/OL1866671W/The_Principles_of_Scientific_Management?edition=cu31
924085713331

http://digitalexhibits.libraries.wsu.edu/exhibits/show/2016sphist417/business-and-economics/zeke-
westbrooke

http://waywiser.fas.harvard.edu/people/7941/frederick-w-taylor