Anatomical References

and the Human Body

1
 Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:

1. Enumerate and use the different medical

terminologies.
2. Define and describe the normal anatomical
position.
3. Describe and identify the different positional
and directional terms.
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Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 5-2
Rev. March 2014
 Objectives
4. Identify the 4 major body cavities and
describe the anatomy contained in each of the
body cavities
5. Name the four abdominal quadrants and
identify the internal organs in each quadrants.
6. Describe the location of a wound on a
patient using anatomical references.

3
Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 5-3
Rev. March 2014
 Objectives

7. Review the parts and functions of the

different body systems.
8. Describe the major phases of lifespan
development.

4
Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 5-4
Rev. March 2014
Medical Terminologies
- Stomato - Cardio - Vaso
- Glosso - Osteo - Naso
- Gingivo - Rhino - Oro
- Encephalo - Phlebo Suffixes
- Gastro - Pneumo
- Itis
- Entero - Hemo
- Osis
- Colo - Arterio
- Ostomy
- Procto - Brady
- - - Otomy
Hepato Tachy
- Nephro - Hyper - Scopy
- Orchido - Hypo - Emia
- Hystero - Thermo - gram 5
- Myo - oophoro
Two categories of medical terms:

1. Descriptive
2. Eponyms

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Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 2-5
Rev. March 2014
ANATOMICAL REFERENCES

7
 Anatomical
Position

8
Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 2-5
Rev. March 2014
 9
Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 2-4
Rev. March 2014
RIGHT LEFT

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SUPERIOR

INFERIOR

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 MEDIAL

LATERAL

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 PROXIMAL

DISTAL

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Anatomic Positions (1 of 2)
• Prone

• Supine

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Anatomic Positions (2 of 2)

• Shock position (modified

trendelenburg’s position)

• Trendelenburg’s position

• Fowler’s position

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 Body Regions

• Head
• Neck
• Trunk
• Upper Extremities
• Lower Extremities

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Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 2-6
Rev. March 2014
 Body Cavities

• Cranial Cavity
• Spinal Cavity
• Thoracic Cavity
• Abdominal Cavity
• Pelvic Cavity

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Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 2-6
Rev. March 2014
 18
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Intro to ANATOMY

19
The Respiratory System

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 21
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The Circulatory System

22
Emergency Medical Responder Course SL 2-11
Rev. March 2014
The Circulatory System

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Urinary
System

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Male Reproductive System

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Female Reproductive System

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Central Nervous System (1 of 2)

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Central Nervous System (2 of 2)

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Peripheral Nervous System

• Links the organs of the body to the central

nervous system.
• Sensory nerves carry information from the body
to the central nervous system.
• Motor nerves carry information from the central
nervous system to the muscles of the body.

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The Skin (1 of 2)
• Protects the body from the environment

• Regulates body temperature

• Transmits information from environment to

the brain

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The Skin (2 of 2)

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Endocrine System
• Complex message and control system

• Made up of seven glands

• Glands produce and release hormones.

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Endocrine Glands
• Adrenal • Pituitary

• Ovary • Testes

• Pancreas • Thyroid

• Parathyroid

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Types of Muscle (1 of 2)
• Skeletal (voluntary) muscle

• Attached to the bones of the body

• Smooth (involuntary) muscle

• Carries out the automatic muscular functions of

the body

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Types of Muscle (2 of 2)
• Cardiac muscle
• Involuntary muscle
• Has own blood supply and electrical system
• Can tolerate interruptions of blood supply for
only very short periods

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 Skeletal System

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