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    Chapter 2: Earth's Structure

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    MrsD5
    The document summarizes Earth's structure and plate tectonics. It describes Earth as having several layers including the crust, mantle, lithosphere, outer core, and inner core. It discusses Alfred Wegener's early continental drift theory and how plate tectonics later explained that the lithosphere is made up of plates that move across Earth's surface. The summary describes three types of plate boundaries: diverging where plates move apart, converging where plates push together with one moving under the other, and sliding where plates move past each other.

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    Chapter 2: Earth's Structure

    Uploaded by

    MrsD5
    89 views6 pages
    The document summarizes Earth's structure and plate tectonics. It describes Earth as having several layers including the crust, mantle, lithosphere, outer core, and inner core. It discusses Alfred Wegener's early continental drift theory and how plate tectonics later explained that the lithosphere is made up of plates that move across Earth's surface. The summary describes three types of plate boundaries: diverging where plates move apart, converging where plates push together with one moving under the other, and sliding where plates move past each other.

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    An overview of the structure of the Earth.

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    The document summarizes Earth's structure and plate tectonics. It describes Earth as having several layers including the crust, mantle, lithosphere, outer core, and inner core. It discusses Alfred Wegener's early continental drift theory and how plate tectonics later explained that the lithosphere is made up of plates that move across Earth's surface. The summary describes three types of plate boundaries: diverging where plates move apart, converging where plates push together with one moving under the other, and sliding where plates move past each other.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    89 views6 pages

    Chapter 2: Earth's Structure

    Uploaded by

    MrsD5
    The document summarizes Earth's structure and plate tectonics. It describes Earth as having several layers including the crust, mantle, lithosphere, outer core, and inner core. It discusses Alfred Wegener's early continental drift theory and how plate tectonics later explained that the lithosphere is made up of plates that move across Earth's surface. The summary describes three types of plate boundaries: diverging where plates move apart, converging where plates push together with one moving under the other, and sliding where plates move past each other.

    Copyright:

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    EARTHS STRUCTURE

    Chapter 2 Lesson 1 Textbook pages 50-59

    WORDS TO KNOW

    Core Crust Lithosphere Mantle Plate tectonics Plate boundaries

    EARTHS LAYERS

    Earth is made up of several layers of rock and metals.

    Crust: thinnest layer, almost all solid rock Mantle: solid rock just below the crust, more than 2/3 of the Earths mass Lithosphere: rigid (hard) shell formed where the mantle and the crust meet Core: inside layer, divided into two layers.
    Outer core: the only liquid layer, mostly molten (melted) iron and nickel, with some sulfur and oxygen Inner core: hotter than the outer core, but solid because of the high pressure

    CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY

    Alfred Wegener German meteorologist and geologist In 1915, he said that continents were moving across Earths surface. Evidence: same kind of fossils found on opposite sides of an ocean or on the edges of different continents He couldnt explain how the continents moved, since the crust was solid, so most scientists of his time believed he was wrong.

    PLATE TECTONICS

    In the 1950s, scientists discovered molten (melted) rock from the mantle was rising to the Earths surface in the ocean basins. They began to believe that the lithosphere might be made of giant pieces of rock, called plates, that float on top of the mantle, slowly moving across the Earths surface. This theory is known as plate tectonics. Oceanic plates: made of oceanfloor material Continental plates: lighter rock riding on top of the dense rock

    TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES

    A boundary is where two plates meet. A. Diverging Boundaries: The two plates are moving away from each other. Molten rock rises to fill the gap, which makes new crust as it comes to the surface. B. Converging Boundaries: The two plates are pushed together. Sometimes one plate will move under the other one. C. Sliding Boundaries: The two plates slide past each other, moving in opposite directions. These are sometimes called transform boundaries.

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