Lecture 4: Ohms Law

Dr. James Poe

EET 1015C: Direct Current Circuits
Miami Dade College
 Quick Recap of Circuit Schematics

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 2
Symbols for Voltage Source

Voltage Sources

5V

Both acceptable, however first symbol is much more

commonly used in DC, whereas the second is used in AC

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 3
Symbols for Current Sources

Current Source

200 mA

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 4
Symbols for Resistors

Resistors

200  200 k

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 5
Symbols for Ground

Grounds

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 6
Circuit Schematics

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 7
Circuit Schematics

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 8
 Ohms Law

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 9
Review of Voltage, Current, Resistance

 Voltage is the amount of energy per charge available move

electrons from one point to another in a circuit.

 Current is the rate of charge flow and is measure in

amperes.

 Resistance is the opposition to current and is measured in

ohms

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 10
How Resistors Work

- -
- - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
- -
- -

16C
C
I 16AA
1s
© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 11
Ohm’s Law

The most important fundamental law in electronics is Ohm’s law, which

relates voltage, current, and resistance.

Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854) studied the relationship between

voltage, current, and resistance and formulated the equation that
bears his name.

V
I
R

What is the current in from a 12 V source if the resistance is

10 W?
1.2 A

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 12
Ohm’s Law

If you need to solve for voltage, Ohm’s law is:

V  IR

What is the voltage across a 680 W resistor if the current

is 26.5 mA?

18 V

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 13
Ohm’s law

If you need to solve for resistance, Ohm’s law is:

V
R
I
What is the (hot)
resistance of the bulb?
O FF V
Hz

115 V V

mV

A Ra n g e
Au to ra n g e 1 s

To u c h /Ho ld 1 s

132 W
10 A
V

40 m A COM

Fuse d

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 14
 Quiz

For constant voltage in a circuit, doubling the resistance means

a. doubling the current
b. halving the current
c. there is no change in the current
d. depends on the amount of voltage

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 15
 Quiz

A four-color resistor has the color-code red-violet-orange-gold. If it is

placed across a 12 V source, the expected current is
a. 0.12 mA
b. 0.44 mA
c. 1.25 mA
d. 4.44 mA

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 16
 Quiz

If the current in a 330 W resistor is 15 mA, the applied voltage is

approximately
a. 5.0 V
b. 22 V
c. 46 V
d. 60 V

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 17
 Quiz

The current in a certain 4-band resistor is 22 mA when the voltage is 18

V. The color bands on the resistor are
a. blue-gray-red-gold
b. red-red-brown gold
c. gray-red-brown-gold
d. white-brown-red-gold

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 18
 Quiz

The circuit with the largest current is

a. (a)
b. (b)
c. (c)
d. (d)

+12 V R +15 V R +18 V R +24 V R

10 kW 15 kW 22 kW 27 kW

(a) (b) (c) (d)

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 19
 Quiz

The circuit with the smallest current is

a. (a)
b. (b)
c. (c)
d. (d)

+12 V R +15 V R +18 V R +24 V R

10 kW 15 kW 22 kW 27 kW

(a) (b) (c) (d)

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 20
Linearity

A student takes data for a resistor and fits the straight line
Graph
shown toofthe
Current versus
data. What is the Voltage
resistance and the
conductance of the resistor?

16

The slope represents 14

the conductance.
13mA  0mA 13mA 12
G   1.63S

I (m A )
8V  0V 8V

The reciprocal of the 8

conductance is the
4
resistance:
1
G  613 0
1.63 0 2 4 6 8 10
V (V )

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 21
Graph of Current versus Voltage

Notice that the plot of current versus voltage for a fixed resistor is a line with
a positive slope. What is the resistance indicated by the graph?

10
2.7 kW
8.0

What is its conductance?

C u r r e n t (m A )
6.0

0.37 mS
4.0

2.0

0
0 10 20 30
Voltage (V )

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 22
Application of Ohm’s law

The resistor is green-blue brown-gold. 26.8 mA

What should the ammeter read?

m et er -
DC Am
+

P ow er S u p p ly

V A

+15 V
Gnd 5 V 2A - + - +

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 23
 Selected Key Terms
Linear Characterized by a straight-line relationship.

Ohm’s law A law stating that current is directly proportional to voltage

and inversely proportional to current.

A systematic process of isolating, identifying, and correcting

Troubleshooting a fault in a circuit or system.

© Dr. James Poe - EET1015C Direct Current Circuits - Chapter 3: Ohms Law 24