PROCESSOR’S

Main Part Of The Computer

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History Of The Processor
On November 15 1971, Intel shipped the Commercial microprocessor Model
4004. It ran a product called the Busicome calculator .The 108- KHz 4004 had
2300 transistors and a 4-bit data bus and could address 640 bytes of RAM.
Computer engineers quickly took advantages of the potential this new type of
chip offered, leading the way to the first personal computer.

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Processor
– The CPU /Processor is main part of a computer
– It is also called the brain of the computer.
– It is a semi-conductor device it controls the operation of the computer
– It contains the complete CPU (Central Processing Unit) in single chip
– It performs Arithmetic and logical function.

CPU has two basic Components: (=), less than (<), or greater than (>) the
r othe

Control Unit : The control unit tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out a

program‘s instruction .It directs the movements of electronic signals between memory which

temporarily holds data, instruction and processed information and the arithmetic-logic units. It

also directs these control signals between the CPU and input and output devices

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Arithmetic –logic Unit: The arithmetic-logic unit usually called the ALU performs two
types of operations: arithmetic and logical. Arithmetic operation are as you might expect, the
fundamental math operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, Logical
operation: consist of comparison that is two pieces of data are compared to see whether one
is equal to

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Generation of the Processor:
• First Generation (4004,8080,8086,80186)
• Second Generation(80286)
• Third Generation (80386)
• Fourth Generation(80486)
• Fifth Generation(Intel Pentium & AMD K5)
• Sixth Generation(Intel Pentium II & AMD K6)
• Seventh Generation(Intel Pentium III , AMD Athlon & Cyrix III)
• Eight Generation(Intel Pentium IV & AMD Athlon XP)
• Ninth Generation(Intel Pentium Extreme Edition & AMD Athlon fix 64 bit)

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Processor Specification

Speed (measured in Hz (Hertz))

• Width (measured in bit, ex: 16
bits,32 bits or 64 bits)
• FSB Speed (Front Side Bus)
(Measured in Hz)
• Cache memory (measured in
Kbytes/Mbytes)

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 Types of processor

Slot type processor

Socket type processor

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Processor Manufactures

1. Intel
2. AMD (Advances Micro Devices)
3. VIA
4. Motorola

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Intel Pentium Processor

PENTIUM –II PROCESSOR

PENTIUM PROCESSOR

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Intel Pentium IV ,Core 2 Duo

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CORE 2 EXTREME QUAD –CORE & CORE i7

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Desktop Processor
Intel AMD
• Pentium ,Pentium pro, Pentium MMx • K5,K6

• Pentium II, Celeron • K6 II, K6 III

• Pentium III, Celeron • Athlon, Duron, AMB Phenom

• Pentium IV • Athlon Xp , Sempron

• Pentium Dual Core, Pentium Core 2 Duo, • Athlon Fx , Athlon 64x2 ,Sempron 64Fx,
Pentium Quad Core Opteron , Turon

• Core i3, Core i5 , Core i7 • AMD –A , AMD RYZEN

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 CORE i3, i5, i7 CPU GENERATION
Processor Generation Processor code Nanometer Processor graphics
name
1’st Generation Nehalem 42nm Intel HD Graphics
2’nd Generation Sandy Bridge 32nm Intel HD 3000
3’nd Generation Ivy Bridge 22nm Intel HD 4000
4’nd Generation Has well 22nm Intel HD 46000
5’nd Generation Broad well 14nm Intel iris pro 6200
6’nd Generation Sky Lake 14nm Intel HD Graphics 530
7’nd Generation Kaby Lake 14nm Intel HD Graphics 620
8’nd Gnereation Coffee Lake 14nm Intel UHD 630

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Core 2 Duo Nm 65
What is NM (Nanometer)?
It is size of transistor in Processor. The more small Transistor higher the
speed.

How to Identify Processor Generation on

Numeric value ?
• Core i3/i5/i7-530
• Core i3/i5/i7-2010
• Core i3/i5/i7-3020
• Core i3/i5/i7-4030
• Core i3/i5/i7-5003
• Core i3/i5/i7-6001
• Core i3/i5/i7-7010
• Core i3/i5/i7-8005
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What the letters mean after
the numbers
Example :-
Core i3/i5/i7 -8700K
Core i3/i5/i7 -8600G
Core i3/i5/i7 -8600T
Core i3/i5/i7 -8600U
1) The "K" chips are usually the fastest, with higher clock
speeds than the standard chips without a letter in Intel's
mainstream chips. It also means the chip is "unlocked,"
where its clock speeds can be tweaked — or "overclocked
— by a user to squeeze out a little extra performance than
what you get out of the box. Usually, it's mostly enthusiasts
who tend to overclock their chips, and they're mostly
designed for desktops or high-performance laptops.
2) The "G" means the chip has a built-in graphics
processor. Most of Intel's chips come with basic built-in
graphics processors so you can display something on your
monitor without an entirely separate graphics card. But
Intel's "G" processors come with a more powerful graphics
processor for more power hungry apps and games.
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3) The "T" means the chips is designed to use less power while
also having less performance than the standard chips without any
letters.
4) The "U" means the chip is designed for laptops and mobile
devices, as "U" chips are Intel's "ultra-low power" models. They're
"low power" because they use even less power than the "T" models
and have slower clock speeds than their full-size, non "U"
equivalents. By having slower clock speeds, they don't get as hot
and have a lower risk of heat-related damage. That's good for thin
laptops that have limited cooling compared to larger desktops and
laptops.

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