Case Study

(Preparation and Submission)

A case study is a story about something unique,
special, or interesting stories can be about
individuals, organizations, processes,
programs, neighbourhoods, institutions, and
even events (Yin, 2003).
A case study is an in-depth study of one person,
group, or event. In a case study, nearly every
aspect of the subject's life and history is
analysed to seek patterns and causes of
behaviour.

The case studies would describe what happened when, to

whom, and with what consequences in each case (Neale
et al., 2006).
 When is a case study suitable?

• Case studies are appropriate when there is a

unique or interesting story to be told.
• When the particular case provides context to
other data (such as outcome data), offering a
more complete picture of what happened in the
program and why.
Benefits of case studies:-
•it allows researchers to investigate things that are
often difficult to replicate in a lab.
•Allows researchers to collect a great deal of
information.
•Give researchers the chance to collect information
on rare or unusual cases.
•to develop hypotheses that can be explored in
experimental research.
Limitations:-
•Cannot necessarily be generalized to the larger
population.
•Cannot demonstrate cause and effect (especially in
retrospective methods).
•May not be scientifically rigorous.
•Can lead to bias.
The following steps are used in the conduct of a case study:

• Step 1. Determining the present status of the case or cases

(use direct observation, anecdotes e.t.c.)
 physical examination of the case or cases,
 a psychological evaluation is required
 Assessment
• Step 2. Identifying the most probable antecedents of the case or cases
(For example, in case of ‘slow learner’ , the researcher may formulate a
hypothesis that occurrence of slow learning behaviour in the child is due
to unhealthy environment, bad study habits, no exposure and/or poor
teaching in the school.)
Step 3. Verification of Antecedents/Hypotheses
The case is then checked for the presence or absence of the
antecedents supposed to apply to situation of under study.
For example, the behaviour of slow learning of the child. This
involves multi-method approach, which includes observation,
past history of the case, interview etc.
Step 4. Diagnosis and Remedial Measures
Step 5. Follow-up of the case or cases
 Writing Case study
Prospective case study methods 
• an individual or group of people is observed in order to determine outcomes.
• Example of a cancer patient/Tay sach disease/Neurological disorders

Retrospective case study methods

• looking at historical information.
• One will start with an outcome, such as a disease, and then work their way
backward to look at information about the individual's life to determine risk
factors that may have contributed to the onset of the illness.

Both method used during COVID-19

Data collection for your case study (B.Ed II, B.Sc. B.Ed III & B.A.,B.Ed.III)

1 Archival records:  Census records, survey records,

2 Direct observation:  observing the subject, often in a natural setting.

it is more common to utilize a group of observers.
3 Documents:  Letters, newspaper articles, administrative records, etc.

4 Interviews: can involve structured survey questions or more open-

ended questions.
5 Participant the researcher serves as a participant in events and
observation:  observes the actions and outcomes,
6 Physical artifacts:  objects, instruments, and other artifacts are often observed
during a direct observation of the subject.
You can use one or more than one method
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 Section 1: A Case History
• Background information:
Include factors such as age, gender, work, health status, family mental
health history, family and social relationships, substance abuse, life
difficulties, goals, and coping skills and weaknesses.

• Description of the presenting problem:

Describe any physical, emotional, or sensory symptoms reported by the
client. Thoughts, feelings, and perceptions related to the symptoms
should also be noted.
Any screening or diagnostic assessments that are used should also be
described in detail and all scores reported.
Your diagnosis: Provide your diagnosis and give the
appropriate code (DSM V, ICD-10, RPwD-2016, RTE-2010).
Explain how you reached your diagnosis, how the client's
symptoms fit the diagnostic criteria for the disorder(s), or any
possible difficulties in reaching a diagnosis. What are your
efforts as a student trainee.
Section 2: Assessment and prepare the case profile

• Assessment tool used

• Methods adopted
• Procedure
• Prepare the case profile and insert the evidences/artifacts in
appendix
 Section 3: Intervention plan
This portion will address the chosen treatment/intervention for the
condition
• also include the theoretical basis for the chosen treatment or any
other evidence that might exist to support why this approach was
chosen.
• should also include information about the intervention goals, process,
and outcomes.
• methods/Strategies used during intervention
• support received from various professionals/staffs/peer
group/agencies
• procedure of intervention/remedial teaching/treatment/therapeutic
support in detail
 Section-4: Discussion
• When you are writing a case study, discuss the case
study itself, including the strengths and limitiations
of the study. 
• describe some of the implications of your case study. What
ideas or findings might require further exploration?
• Whatever more you want to add about your study
• Challenges faced during the conduct/carry out of the study
Section-V: Self -reflection
Have a very successful career ahead…..