Title

Reporter

1 Romance
st
Chapter 5:
Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education
Medical Studies
Rizal Enters
the University
at the University of Santo
Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)
Tomas
Romances with
Other Girls
(1877-1882)
Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
Title

Reporter

1st Romance

Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education Lahay lahay,
Rizal Enters
the University
Tymoty Rochelle
Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)

Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
 • She is Segunda Katigbak. After Jose Rizal's graduation from the Ateneo, he
Title experienced his first romance at the age of 16 years old.

Reporter • Rizal's tragic first romance did not adversely affect his studies in the University of
Santo Tomas in the year 1877-1882. After finishing the first year of a course in
1st Romance Philosophy and Letters, he transferred to medical course.

Mother's Opposition • He remained loyal to Ateneo.

to Higher Education

Rizal Enters
the University

Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)

Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
 • After graduating with the highest honors in Ateneo, Rizal had to go to
Title
the University of Santo Tomas for a higher studies.
Reporter
• But Donya Teodora told her husband, "Don't send him to Manila
1st Romance again, he knows enough. If he gets to know more, the Spaniards will cut
off his head."
Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education
• Years later he wrote in his journal, "Did my mother perhaps have a
Rizal Enters
the University
foreboding of what would happen to me?“, “Does a mother's heart
really have a second sight?"
Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)

Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
 • In April of 1877, Rizal who was nearly 16 years old, matriculated at
Title
the University of Santo Tomas, taking the course on Philosophy and
Letters. He enrolled for two reasons: (1)His father liked it and, (2) he
Reporter
was "still uncertain as to what career to pursue.“
1st Romance
• It was during the following term (1878-1879), Rizal having received
Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education
the Ateneo Rector's advice to study Medicine. That is why he shifted his
course from Philosophy and Letters to Medical Study.
Rizal Enters
the University

Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)

Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
 • During his first school term in the University of Santo Tomas, Rizal
Title
also studied in Ateneo. He took the vocational course leading to a title of
perito agreemensor (expert surveyor).
Reporter

1st Romance • He frequently visited Ateneo, not only due to his surveying course but
more because of his loyalty to the Ateneo.
Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education
•President of Academy of Spanish Literature
Rizal Enters •Secretary of the Academy of Natural Sciences
the University
•Secretary of Marian Congregation
Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)

Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
 • Notwithstanding his academic studies in the University of Santo
Title
Tomas, and extra-curricular activities in Ateneo, Rizal had an ample
time for love.
Reporter

1st Romance • However he gave two reasons for his change of heart, (1) The sweet
memory of Segunda Katigbak was still fresh in his heart and, (2) his
Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education
father did not like the family of Miss L.

Rizal Enters • He courted Leonor Valenzuela known as Orang.

the University

Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
• Rizal's next romance was with another Leonor, and she is Leonor
(1878)
Rivera, his cousin from Camiling.
Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
 • When he was a freshman medical student at the University of Santo
Title
Tomas, he experienced his first taste of Spanish brutality.
Reporter
• Later, in a letter to Blumentritt, he related: "I went to the Captain-
1st Romance General but I could not obtain justice; my wound lasted two weeks."

Mother's Opposition
to Higher Education

Rizal Enters
the University

Finishes Surveying
Course in Ateneo
(1878)

Romances with
Other Girls

Victim of Spanish
Officers Brutality
"To The Filipino • Rizal, who was 19 years old that time, submitted his poem entitled, "A La
Youth" (1879) Juventud Filipina" (To The Filipino Youth).
"The Council Of
Gods" (1880) • The Board of Judges, which are composed of Spaniards, was impressed by
Other Literary Rizal's poem and gave it the first prize which consisted of a silver pen, feather-
Works shaped and decorated with a gold ribbon.
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan • Two reasons: (1) it was the first great poem in Spanish written by a Filipino,
Champion of whose merit was recognized by Spanish literary authorities. (2) it expressed the
Filipino Students nationalistic concept that the Filipinos and not the foreigners were the "fair
Unhappy Days hope of the Fatherland.“
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
"To The Filipino • The Artistic-Literary Lyceum of Manila held a contest again to
Youth" (1879) commemorate the 4th centennial death of Cervantes.
"The Council Of
Gods" (1880)
• He submitted an allegorical drama entitled, "El Consejo de los Dioses
Other Literary (The Council of the Gods)."
Works
Rizal's Visit to Pakil • They awarded the first prize to Rizal's work because of its literary
and Pagsanjan
superiority over the others.
Champion of
Filipino Students

Unhappy Days
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
"To The Filipino • 1879: Poem entitled, "Abd-el-Azis y Mahoma"
Youth" (1879)

"The Council Of • 1880: Zarzuela entitled, "Junto al Pasig (Beside the Pasig)"
Gods" (1880)

Other Literary • 1880: Sonnet entitled, "A Filipinas“

Works
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan
• 1881: Poem entitled, "Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon"
Champion of
Filipino Students

Unhappy Days
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
"To The Filipino • It is summer of May 1881, when Rizal went to a pilgrimage to the
Youth" (1879) town of Pakil, the famous shrine of the Birhen Maria de los Dolores.
"The Council Of
Gods" (1880)
• (1) it was the native town of Leonor Valenzuela and, (2) to see the
Other Literary famous Pagsanjan Falls.
Works
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan

Champion of
Filipino Students

Unhappy Days
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
"To The Filipino • Rizal was the champion of the Filipino students in their frequent fights
Youth" (1879) against the arrogant Spanish students.
"The Council Of
Gods" (1880)
• In 1880, he founded a secret society of Filipino students in the UST
Other Literary called, "Compañerismo (Comradeship).“
Works
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan
• In one of the fierce encounters between the Filipino students and their
Champion of
pale-skinned detractors near the Escolta in Manila, Rizal was wounded
Filipino Students on the head.
Unhappy Days
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
"To The Filipino • Dominican institution of higher learning because; (1) the Dominican
Youth" (1879) professors were hostile to him, (2) the Filipino students were racially
"The Council Of discriminated against by the Spaniards, and (3) the method of instruction
Gods" (1880)
was obsolete and repressive.
Other Literary
Works
• In his novel, "El Filibusterismo," he described how the Filipino
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan students were humiliated.
Champion of
Filipino Students • Rizal, who 's the most brilliant graduate of the Ateneo, failed to win a
Unhappy Days high scholastic honor.
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
 1877-1878 (Philosophy and Letters)
"To The Filipino Cosmology and Metaphysics Excellent
Youth" (1879) Theodicy Excellent
History of Philosophy Excellent
"The Council Of
1878-1879 (Medicine) - 1st Year
Gods" (1880)
Physics Fair
Chemistry Excellent
Other Literary Natural History Good
Works Anatomy 1 Good
Dissection 1 Good
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan 1879-1880 (Medicine) - 2nd Year
Anatomy 2 Good
Champion of Dissection 2 Good
Filipino Students Physiology Good
Private Hygiene Good
Unhappy Days Public Hygiene Good
at the UST
1880-1881 (Medicine) - 3rd Year
Rizal's Scholastic General Pathology Fair
Records in the UST Therapeutics Excellent
Surgery Good
Decision to
Study Abroad 1881-1882 (Medicine) - 4th Year
Medical Pathology Very Good
End of Chapter 5 Surgical Pathology Very Good
Obstetrics Very Good
"To The Filipino
• After finishing the fourth year of his medical course, Rizal decided to
Youth" (1879) study in Spain.
"The Council Of
Gods" (1880) • And for the first time, Rizal did not seek his parents' permission and
Other Literary blessings to go abroad.
Works
Rizal's Visit to Pakil • He did not bring Leonor either. Rizal's parents, his beloved Leonor,
and Pagsanjan
and the Spanish authorities knew nothing.
Champion of
Filipino Students

Unhappy Days
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5
"To The Filipino
Youth" (1879)

"The Council Of
Gods" (1880)

Other Literary
Works
Rizal's Visit to Pakil
and Pagsanjan

Champion of
Filipino Students Thank you so much
Unhappy Days
at the UST
Rizal's Scholastic
Records in the UST

Decision to
Study Abroad

End of Chapter 5