GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS

PRESENTATION
BY:JOHN LIOYD ARIETA
GRADE 11-MABINI
 INTR0DUCTION

WHAT IS GEOLOGICAL HAZARD?

• A geologic hazard is an adverse geologic condition

capable of causing damage or loss of property or life.
These geologic processes only become hazards when
humans get in their way; if there were no people
affected, we would find these natural phenomena
interesting, but not concerning.
 WHAT CAUSES A GEOLOGIC HAZARD?

• In addition to earthquake shaking, trigger mechanisms

can include volcanic eruptions, heavy rainstorms, rapid
snowmelt, rising groundwater, undercutting due to
erosion or excavation, human-induced vibrations in the
earth, overloading due to construction, and certain
chemical phenomena in unconsolidated sediments.
WHAT ARE THE 5 GEOLOGIC HAZARDS?

• Earthquakes - Liquefaction (soils), Tsunamis.

Volcanic Eruptions - Lava Flows, Ash Fall,
Lahars. Landslides - Rock Falls or Slides,
Debris Flows, Mud Flows. Floods -
Inundation, Erosion.
EXAMPLES OF GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE
DIFFERENT GEOLOGIC HAZARDS?

• Not all geologic hazards can be avoided; however, you can

significantly increase your safety and reduce your risk of
property damage by identifying which geologic hazards may
affect you, learning more about them, and then taking steps to
lessen your risk.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND GEOLOGICAL
HAZARDS?

Geologic hazards are responsible for great loss of life and

destruction of property. In the twentieth century more than a
million people worldwide have been killed by earthquakes
alone, and the value of the property destroyed by earthquakes,
volcanoes, and tsunamis amounts to scores of billions of
dollars.
3 TYPES OF GEOLOGICAL
HAZARDS…
 #1 LANDSLIDE

A landslide is defined as the movement of a

mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.
Landslides are a type of "mass wasting,"
which denotes any down-slope movement
of soil and rock under the direct influence
of gravity.
 #2 SNOW AVALANCHE

• A snow avalanche begins when an unstable mass of

snow breaks away from a slope. The snow picks up
speed as it moves downhill, producing a river of snow
and a cloud of icy particles that rises high into the air.
The moving mass picks up even more snow as it rushes
downhill.
 #3 VOLCANO ERUPTION
• A volcanic eruption is the expulsion of gases,
rock fragments, and/or molten lava from within
the Earth through a vent onto the Earth's surface
or into the atmosphere. Illustration of the basic
process of magma formation, movement to the
surface, and eruption through a volcanic vent.
THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE OF ALL GEOLOGIC HAZARDS

Earthquakes.
• Earthquakes are among the most deadly natural
hazards. They strike without warning and many
earthquake zones coincide with areas of high population
density.
 WHAT SHOULD YOU DO BEFORE DURING
AFTER GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS?
What to Do After an Earthquake

• Check yourself and others for injuries. ...

• Check water, gas, and electric lines for damage. ...
• Turn on the radio. ...
• Stay out of damaged buildings.
• Be careful around broken glass and debris. ...
• Be careful of chimneys (they may fall on you).
• Stay away from beaches. ...
• Stay away from damaged areas
SIGNS OF IMPENDING GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS
• New cracks or unusual bulges in the ground, street pavements
or sidewalks. Soil moving away from foundations. Ancillary
structures such as decks and patios tilting and/or moving
relative to the main house. Tilting or cracking of concrete
floors and foundations.
WHY IT IS IMPORTANT TO IDENTIFY PLACES THAT ARE
PRONE TO GEOLOGIC HAZARDS?

• A geological hazard map is a map indicating the

areas that are vulnerable to hazards caused by
earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. It
helps the public be informed and prepared for the
geological hazard.
 END OF THE TOPIC

• Thanks for listening to my report presentation :)

• Submitted to: Mr. Kerwin Infiesto