SUN & MOON

SUN
 SUN

• is a star which is located at

the center of our solar
system.
• It is a yellow dwarf star that
gives off different types of
energy such as infra-red
energy (heat), ultraviolet
light, radio waves and light.
The Sun's radius is about 695,000 kilometers (432,000 miles), or 109 times that of Earth. Its mass is
about 330,000 times that of Earth, comprising about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System.
Roughly three-quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium
(~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon, and iron.
 More fun facts about the Sun!
.
1. The Sun has been getting slowly brighter since it was
born. A couple of billions of years ago, the Sun was a little
dimmer than it is now.
2. The Sun contains almost ALL of the material in our solar
system. 99% of it. All the planets, asteroids and comets add
up to less than 1% of the total.
3. The Sun is so far away that it takes light about 8 minutes
and 20 seconds for it to get to us – and light is the fastest
thing in the universe.
 The Sun is also right in the middle of its
lifecycle. Right now, our Sun is in a stage
called yellow dwarf. It is about 4.5 billion
years old. In another 5 billion years the Sun
will become a big, cool star called a red
giant. A few billion years after that, it will
become a small white dwarf star. It will
shrink to around the same size as Earth, but
it will weigh 20,000 times more.
• The Sun’s gravity holds
our entire solar system
together.
• Our solar system is even
named after the Sun
(the Latin word for Sun
is “sol”).
• Heat from the Sun
makes Earth warm
enough to live on.
• Without light from the
Sun, there would be no
plants or animals—and,
therefore, no food and
we wouldn’t exist.
7 LAYERS of the SUN
CORE
The core is the only
part of the Sun
wherein hydrogen is
being converted into
helium to produce
vast amount of energy
in the form of heat
and light.
RADIATIVE ZONE
Energy travels
through the
radiation zone in
the form of
electromagnetic
radiation as
photons.
CONVECTIVE
ZONE

The convection zone is

the outer-most layer of
the solar interior. It
extends from a depth of
about 200,000 km right
up to the visible surface.
At the base of the
convection zone the
temperature is about
2,000,000° C.
PHOTOSPHERE

The photosphere is a
star's outer shell from
which light is radiated.
.
CHROMOSPHERE

The Sun's
chromosphere is the
second of the three
main layers in the
Sun's atmosphere and
is located above the
photosphere and
below the solar
transition region and
corona.
CORONA
The Sun’s corona is the
outermost part of the
Sun’s atmosphere. The
corona is usually hidden
by the bright light of the
Sun's surface. That makes
it difficult to see without
using special instruments.
However, the corona can
be viewed during a total
solar eclipse.
TRANSITION ZONE
The transition region is a thin
and very irregular layer of the
Sun's atmosphere that
separates the hot corona
from the much cooler
chromosphere. Heat flows
down from the corona into
the chromosphere and in the
process produces this thin
region where the
temperature changes rapidly
from 1,000,000°C
(1,800,000°F) down to about
20,000°C (40,000°F).
SOLAR FLARE
A solar flare is an
intense localized
eruption of
electromagnetic
radiation in the Sun's
atmosphere.
MOON
 THE MOON
• -is Earth’s only natural satellite and one that
we can easily see most nights.
• -The Moon does not shine with its own light. It
simply reflects light coming from the Sun.
The Moon rotates on its own axis at the same rate
that it orbits around Earth. That means we always
see the same side of the Moon from our position
on Earth. The side we don't see gets just as much
light, so a more accurate name for that part of the
Moon is the "far side."
The "far side" of the Moon looks very different than the
near side
THE NEAR SIDE THE FAR
SIDE
The Moon is the only other
planetary body that
humans have visited. On
July 20, 1969, NASA
astronauts Neil Armstrong
and Buzz Aldrin were the
first people to set foot on
the dusty surface of the
Moon. Ten other American
astronauts followed. They
collected hundreds of
pounds of lunar soil and
rock samples, conducted
experiments and installed
equipment for follow-up
measurements.
HOW FAR AWAY IS
THE MOON TO
EARTH?

The Moon is an average

of 238,855 miles away
from Earth, which is
about 30 Earths away.
Parameters of SUN MOON
Comparison
Definition A yellow dwarf star at the A celestial body that orbits the
center of the solar system Earth.
Size 1.4 million Km across 3,474 Km across

Light Produces its light Reflects the light of the sun

Distance from Earth 92,900,000 miles away 238,855 miles away

Heat Source Nuclear fusion occurs at its Heated by the sun

core
Temperature 15 million degrees Celsius at 134 degrees Celsius on the
the core; 5,500 degrees Celsius light side; –153 degrees Celsius
at the surface on the dark side
THE SIMILARITIES OF THE SUN AND
MOON
Both the moon and the sun possess gravity, and
both exert this gravitational force on the earth.

Another similarity between the sun and moon is

that both bodies rotate
ASSESSMENT: Identification

1. It is a star which located at the center of our solar system.

2. The celestial body that orbits the Earth.
3. The age of the Sun.
4. The Latin word for Sun.
5. The first two astronauts that set foot on the dusty surface of the
moon.