CLOUD COMPUTING

UNIT - I
Cloud Computing Definition

cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases,

networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the Internet (“the cloud”) to offer faster
innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

It is a technology that uses remote servers on the internet to store, manage, and access data online rather
than local drives. The data can be anything such as files, images, documents, audio, video, and more.

Cloud computing refers to an efficient method of managing lots of computer servers, data storage and
networking.
Characteristics

 On-demand self-service
 Broad network access
 Rapid elasticity
 Measured service
 Lower costs
 Reliability
1.On-demand self-services:
The Cloud computing services does not require any human administrators, user themselves are able to provision, monitor
and manage computing resources as needed.
2.Broad network access:
The Computing services are generally provided over standard networks and heterogeneous devices.
3.Rapid elasticity:
The Computing services should have IT resources that are able to scale out and in quickly and on as needed basis.
Whenever the user require services it is provided to him and it is scale out as soon as its requirement gets over.
4.Resource pooling:
The IT resource (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) present are shared across multiple
applications and occupant in an uncommitted manner. Multiple clients are provided service from a same physical
resource.
5.Measured service:
The resource utilization is tracked for each application and occupant, it will provide both the user and the resource
provider with an account of what has been used. This is done for various reasons like monitoring billing and effective use
of resource.
Cloud Computing Architecture :
The cloud architecture is divided into 2 parts i.e.
1.Frontend
2.Backend
The below figure represents an internal architectural view of cloud computing.
 Client infrastructure, application, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, management and security all these are
the components of cloud computing architecture.
1. Frontend :
Frontend of the cloud architecture refers to the client side of cloud computing system. Means it contains all the user
interfaces and applications which are used by the client to access the cloud computing services/resources. For example,
use of a web browser to access the cloud platform.
•Client Infrastructure – Client Infrastructure is a part of the frontend component. It contains the applications and user
interfaces which are required to access the cloud platform.
•In other words, it provides a GUI( Graphical User Interface ) to interact with the cloud.

2. Backend : 
Backend refers to the cloud itself which is used by the service provider. It contains the resources as well as manages the
resources and provides security mechanisms. Along with this, it includes huge storage, virtual applications, virtual
machines, traffic control mechanisms, deployment models, etc.
1.Application –
Application in backend refers to a software or platform to which client accesses. Means it provides the service in
backend as per the client requirement.
2.Service –
Service in backend refers to the major three types of cloud based services like SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. Also manages which
type of service the user accesses.
1. Runtime Cloud-
Runtime cloud in backend provides the execution and Runtime platform/environment to the Virtual machine.
2.Storage –
Storage in backend provides flexible and scalable storage service and management of stored data.
3.Infrastructure –
Cloud Infrastructure in backend refers to the hardware and software components of cloud like it includes servers,
storage, network devices, virtualization software etc.
4.Management –
Management in backend refers to management of backend components like application, service, runtime cloud,
storage, infrastructure, and other security mechanisms etc.
5.Security –
Security in backend refers to implementation of different security mechanisms in the backend for secure cloud
resources, systems, files, and infrastructure to end-users.
6.Internet –
Internet connection acts as the medium or a bridge between frontend and backend and establishes the interaction and
communication between frontend and backend.
Types of Cloud
Public Cloud Private Cloud

In simple terms, the public cloud is a vast array

of readily available compute resources such as Private clouds are owned and used by single private
networking, memory, central processing unit businesses and organisations. They have traditionally been
(CPU) and storage. These resources are hosted physically located at the business’s own data centre using its
in one of the public cloud vendor’s globally own hardware.
distributed and fully managed data centers and
you can rent these resources to build an IT
infrastructure.

Hybrid Cloud

A hybrid cloud is the combination of public and private cloud

elements connected securely over the internet 
 Cloud Service Models

The three Cloud Service

Models are as follows:

•Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

•Platform as a Service (PaaS)
•Software as a Service (SaaS)
Cloud Ecosystem

A cloud ecosystem is a dynamic system of interdependent elements, all of which work together to make
cloud services possible. In nature, an ecosystem consists of objects that are linked and work together that
are living and non-living. The ecosystem consists of hardware and software in cloud computing, as well as
cloud clients, cloud developers, consultants, integrators, and collaborators.

The benefits of a cloud ecosystem

Companies can use a cloud ecosystem to build new business models. It becomes relatively
easy for a medical device manufacturer, for example, to launch a heart-monitoring service on
its cloud service provider's cloud infrastructure and then sell the service alongside its main
business of manufacturing heart monitors for hospitals.
Cloud Service Management:

1.Cloud monitoring and cloud service management tools allow cloud providers to ensure optimal performance,
continuity and efficiency in virtualized, on-demand environments. 

2.The delivery of dynamic, cloud-based infrastructure, platform and application services doesn’t occur in a vacuum.

3.In addition to best practices for effective administration of all the elements associated with cloud service delivery,
cloud service management and cloud monitoring tools enable providers to keep up with the continually shifting capacity
demands of a highly-elastic environment.

4. The fig illustrates that service management provides the visibility, control and automation needed for efficient cloud
delivery in both public and private implementations.
Computing on Demand

On-demand computing (ODC) is an enterprise-level model of technology and computing in

which resources are provided on an as-needed and when-needed basis. ODC makes computing
resources such as storage capacity, computational speed and software applications available to
users as and when needed for specific temporary projects, known or unexpected workloads,
routine work, or long-term technological and computing requirements.

Web services and other specialized tasks are sometimes referenced as types of ODC.

ODC is succinctly defined as “pay and use” computing power. It is also known as OD computing
or utility computing.