TURBOCHARGE

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A MODERN COMBUSTIÓN
DEVICE
 MOTIVATION
Electric cars come with a limit in
their power unit in their engines in
comparison to the petrol and diesel
engines. On the other hand,
efficient and optimal use of the
fuels, without any compromise of
engine’s power is the need of the
future.
Therefore, we researched the
modern combustion technique in
turbochargers.
What is turbo, exactly? A turbocharger,
colloquially known as a
turbo, is a turbine-driven,
forced induction device
that increases an internal
combustion engine's
efficiency and power
output by forcing extra
compressed air into the
combustion chamber.
WORKING OF
TURBOCHARGE
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 TURBOCHARGER
WORKING OF
1. Cool air enters the engine's air intake and heads
toward the compressor.

2. The compressor fan helps to suck air in.

3. The compressor squeezes and heats up the

incoming air and blows it out again.

4. Hot, compressed air from the compressor passes

through the heat exchanger, which cools it down.

5. Cooled, compressed air enters the cylinder's air

intake. The extra oxygen helps to burn fuel in the
cylinder at a faster rate.
 6.Since the cylinder burns more fuel, it produces energy more

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TURBOCHARGE
WORKING OF
quickly and can send more power to the wheels via the piston,
shafts, and gears.

7. Waste gas from the cylinder exits through the exhaust

outlet.

8. The hot exhaust gases blowing past the turbine fan make it
rotate at high speed.

9. The spinning turbine is mounted on the same shaft as the

compressor (shown here as a pale orange line). So, as the
turbine spins, the compressor spins too.

10. The exhaust gas leaves the car, wasting less energy than it
POWER COME FROM?
WHERE DOES EXTRA

A turbocharger harnesses the energy in

the exhaust to drive the compressor.
This allows the engine to burn more
fuel each second. This extra fuel is
what gives the extra power, the extra
oomph and the extra zest.
 TURBOCHARGER
TYPES OF
SINGLE TURBO
The simplest, and still
most common, type of
turbo.

TWIN TURBO
As the name implies it
mean adding a second
turbocharger to an
engine.
VARIABLE

TURBOCHARGER
TYPES OF
GEOMETRY TURBO
Movable vanes are replaced for
conventional fixed vanes.

ELECTRIC TURBO
An electric motor is added, which
eliminates the turbo lag and ups
the efficiency. Win-win situation.
 MATERIALS REQUIRED
Turbine Compressor wheel
rotor
The sliding bearing The middle turbo
housing

Turbine casing The compressor body

Thrust bearing Oil channels

O-rings Turbocharger shaft

Makita, a Japanese brand is the leading manufacturing company of
power tools. Majority of power tools use 2-stroke engines instead of
the 4-stroke engines like we see in vehicles. Makita made a deal with
ABB to produce efficient turbochargers for shipbuilding.
 MAKITA DEALS
WITH ABB
ABB, a swiss turbocharger
manufacturing company, designed the
turbochargers which are fuel efficient
for the power tools and ships.
A Makita spokesperson said: “The high
efficiency of the turbocharger will have
a positive effect on fuel consumption
and contribute to making the engine
more competitive in the global market.”
IS TURBO REALLY
THE FUTURE?
 TALE OF MARUTI
SUZUKI
Maruti Suzuki discontinued diesel
engines of cars like Maruti Swift,
Ignis, Dzire and Brezza compact SUV
in April 2020, when the much tighter
Bharat Stage 6 (BS6) emission norms
come into effect in India.
Maruti started manufacturing turbo
petrol engines like in the Baleno
technologies that cut down on fuel
consumption and boost torque.
Maruti Car Engine
Literature Review
Improvement of the Dynamic
Characteristic of an automotive Engine
by a Turbocharger assisted by an Electric
Motor
Dynamic performance of the
turbocharger can be substantially
improved by means of an electric
motor attached directly to the
turbo shaft. This is the concept
behind electric turbocharger.
Better load acceptance of the
engine was obtained by applying
an adequate electric motor to
assist the turbocharger.
3 versions of electric motors
with different torque to moment
of inertia ratios and different
operating regimes were
introduced in the simulation
program to investigate their
influence on the transient
behavior of the engine.
 ADVANTAGES
➢ Using turbochargers
increase the engine`s power
output for the same size of
engine.
➢ A Turbocharged car can
give better fuel economy
➢ It produces less air pollution
DISADVANTAGE
S
➢ The fuel economy benefits promised
by early turbochargers didn't always
turn out as impressively as
manufacturers claimed.
➢ Generally, turbocharged engines don't
last as long
➢ Turbochargers can make turbo cars
very different (and sometimes very
tricky) to drive
Thank You