Green Afternoon

 No one leave Behind’

WATER & WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT

Dr. R. Ilangovan M.E.,PhD,

Former chief Engineer, PWD,WRD
PAB Circle,Pollachi-642003
VICE CHIAIRMAN, TNWRD CELL
CHENNAI
By Mobile: 91-94433 30394

E-mail: ilangeethan@yahoo.com
Presentation Content (45mts)
 March 22 nd
World Water Day
• World Water Day, on 22 March
every year, is about focusing
attention on the importance of
water.
• This year’s theme, ‘Nature for
Water’, explores nature-based
solutions to the water challenges
we face in the 21st century.
A. Water Resources
Development &
Management
 RIVER BASINS IN TAMIL NADU
IRS, IWS, Taramani, Chennai 600 113

PALAR

PENNAIYA
R

CAUVERY

PAB

VAIGAI

TAMBARAPARANI

7
FIVE RIVER BASINS MENTIONED IN LITERATURE
Water Resources Development

Utilised
Type of
Water Nationa
TN State
l Level
Surface 40-42 % 96 %
Water
Ground 38-40 % 78 %
Water
 Most urbanized States in India

 Tamil Nadu
 Kerala
 Gujarat

Demand more water

•Corporation 135lit per day /person
•Municipalities 70 lit per day/ person
•Town Panchayat 40 lit per day/ person
 HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT IN WATER
RESOURCES SECTOR
 Types of water resources
WATER RESOURCES

Surface Water Ground Water

Rivers, Stream Open Well

Ponds / Tanks / Anicuts Bore Well

Reservoir Deep Bore

Well

Watershed Management
WATER RESOURCES
DEVELOPMENT
Through River Basin
 RIVER BASINS-IMPORTANT

PWD-Water
Resources
Organization is
functioning on River
Basins concept

•Chennai Region
•Coimbatore Region
•Trichy Region
•Madurai Region
CAUVERY RIVER BASIN &
SUB BASINS
 Cauvery River Basin Map

Bhavani
RB

NOYYAL RB

AMARAVATHY RB
NOYYAL RIVER BASIN
 SYTEM TANKS
&
CHAIN OF TANKS
 SYSTEM TANKS –Chain of tanks

River First lake

Supply channel 2ND-Lake
River
Surplus channel Surplus
channel
Tank1.exe
How Environment support
Water Resources
Development?
 WHAT IS ENVIRONMENT …
ENVIRONMENTAL COMPNENTS
A BIOTIC
BIOTIC COMPONENTS
COMPONENETS
TEMPERATURE
FLORA AND
FAUNA
CLIMATE

RAIN FALL

LAND PROFILE
EVER GREEN FOREST
HEALTHY FOREST -- WILD ANIMALS
 Zoo and wild life Sanctuary

More than 500 Zoos in India.

More than 250 Sanctuaries & National

park in India.

12 Bio Hot spot.

NBR, GULF OF MANNAR,KALAKAD…

Environmental Management and
Protection is inevitable in WRD
 B. Present crisis in
Water Resources sector
PRESENT CRISIS IN
WATER RESOURCES SECTOR
1) Global warming
• Cyclone & flooding

• Drought & desertification

2) More depletion
• Wasting of water

• Over extraction

3) Env Degradation
• Source pollution
1. GLOBAL WARMING
CLIMATE CHANGE
Effects of Global warming…
Flood & Drought
Search for water….
Towards Search of water,,,
 Impacts of Flood & Drought
• Loss of productivity

• Loss of life’s

• Fodder shortage,

• Increase of Diseases

• Resources shortage to future

generation
Drought and Flood
Drought
Drought
Drought
One side serious Flooding …

Other side severe Drought …

2. More Depletion &
Wasting of water
 TAMIL NADU WATER POTENTIAL

Surface Water 853.0 TMC

Ground Water 733.4 TMC
Total 1586.4 TMC

Surface Water Utilized 96%

Exploitation of Ground Water 78%

Average Rainfall 925-979 mm

 CHANGE IN AVAILABILITY OF GROUNDWATER IN
TAMIL NADU
Sl. Year of No. of Total Categorization of Blocks
No. Assess Districts No. of Dark Grey White
ment Blocks (85-100%) (65-85%) (65%)

1 1987 19 378 41 86 251

2 1992 22 384 89 86 209
Over- Critical Semi- Safe Saline
Exploited (90%- Critical (<70%)
(>100%) 100%) (70%-
90%)
3 1998 28 385 135 35 70 137 8
4 2012 32 385+1 135 37 64 138+1 11

Safe Blocks = 139 nos

OE/ Critical / SC = 236 nos
Saline Blocks = 11 nos
NO OF BLOCKS IN TAMIL NADU

Safe Blocks = 139 nos- 36%

OE/ Critical / SC = 236 nos- 61%
Saline Blocks = 11 nos- 3%
PAB
Krishnagiri Dam
Breach
Wasting water due to unlined canal

More water for paddy crops

Global Thinkers wasting water and food
at conference hall…?
Wasting of bottled water in
social functions
 3. Water Pollution &
Environmental Degradation
Main Degradation

Land pollution & Water pollution

Domestic waste water
Industrial waste water
Agriculture Pollution
Tourism Pollution
 1 2

1.Kelavarappali dam

2.Kodaganar dam

3.Orathupalayam dam

3
Most Polluted dams in Tamil Nadu
Pollution in SW and GW
Other Environmental
Degradation affects
Water resources &
Food Security
Main Degradation
Green desert
 Man and
Animal
Conflicts

Elephant
Died Due to
Natural
Calamities
in Nilgiris
District
Threat to Wild Life
NILGRIS -DISASTER
 Encroachments in
water weeds water bodies

Man animal pollution

 REACTIVE
APPROACH

SAND MINING &

RIVER
BED LEVEL
GW Pollution-
Zero Discharge
LOCAL ISSUES
Lakes in Dindukul Municipality Area
WATER RESOURCES POLLUTION
Rain water
Domestic
Industrial
Industrial Drainage wastes Domestic Drainage

wastes

L A K E

Agriculture Water Bodies

wastes
Agricultural run off Scarcity of
water fig.
 MOST POLLUTED RIVERS
• Ganges river • Cooum
• Palar
• Yamunai
river • Noyyal,
• Bhavani
• Kosi river
• Amaravathy
• Cauvery river
• Vaigai
• Chennai
vz;nlhry;@ghd;
Endosulfan
IMPACTS OF ENDOSULPHON
AT GOD’S OWN COUNTRY
vz;nlhry;@ghd; ghjpg;g[f;fs;
B.T. BRINJAL
 water scarcity for Agriculture

Increasing
water scarcity water scarcity for Industry
C. A way forward &
Case Studies
 A way Forward..

1. LEGISLATION AND ACTS

2. TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS
 GOT judgments through
Court for Cauvery Water &
Mullaiperiyar Dam
WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT-
METHODS

 Construction AND Maintenance of Reservoirs

and Dams-85 Nos

 Transfer of water from surplus basin to

deficit basin- Inter linking and Intra linking

 Ground water protection

 Water shed Management

 Conservation of Existing and old lakes , river

 A way Forward..
TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS..
1. Improvement in Existing Structures
• Dams & Reservoirs
• Conveyance System
• Lakes & Anicuts
• Negotiable relations with other states
2. Catchment Management
3. Watershed Management
4. Water use Efficiency in all Sector
5. Recycle of Waste water
6. Agriculture Sector
 Challenges
• Removal of encroachments
• Environmental (Solid waste & liquid
waste) management
• Sustainability of physical structures
• Maintaining the quality of water
• Creating public awareness and
responsibility
• Future maintenance and upkeep
• Finance arrangements
WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT-
NEW METHODS-
 Reservoir Operation method
More alert at Rainy season time
Sufficient people for Reservoir operation
Inter department co-ordination
Other department support for water
regulation
Training to Gross root level workers

 Economic utilization of water
Drip & Sprinkler
Crop rotation method
Inter crop method
Organic farm
DEAPRTMENTS WORKING FOR WATER
• PWD-WRD
• TWAD
• LOCAL BODIES
• Agriculture Engineering Department
• Animal Husbandry Department
• Agriculture Department
• Agriculture Marketing Board
• Horticulture Department
• Electricity Board
• District Administration
• Fisheries Department
• Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board
 Tools for Nature based Water
Management

River Basin approach

Watershed approach
Integrated approach
Eco system approach
Sustainable approach
1. Reservoir and System
Improvement
 Nirar-Nallar
straight cut

Anamalaiyar
scheme
Lining of The Marvelous PAP system
PRESENT HEALTH STATUS – PHYSICAL STATUS

FAILURE OF MASONRY LINING AND

RETAINING WALL – SLIDING/ COLLAPSE
Lining of The Marvelous PAP system
Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement
Project ( DRIP)
(69 WRD & 45 EB)
Upstream side
Treatment
Damaged Portion &
Reaming and Grouting
2.a.Hydro Mechanical
works
Shutter failure at K GIRI Dam
Pollution IN Canal
Revival of Hussain Sagar lake with JICA fund
3. Smart handling of
Inter State meeting
JWRB Meeting
4.a. Water shed
Development
Watersheds and Basins
Micro-Watershed

Sub-Watershed
Watershed
Sub-Basin
River Basin
 RIVER BASIN

l l ey
Va
Problems in Ralegan Sidhhi Watershed
Water Scarcity

Drought

No Farming Activities

Males addicts to Drink and Un care about

the family

Children not gone for school

Women Walk 2 to 3 km per day for a pot

of water
In addition to the above types of
structure the complete village is following
the five principles which included
Environmental and Social protection
1. Ban on alcoho

2. Sterilisation

3. Ban on grazing

4. Ban on tree felling

5. Donation of voluntary labour for community

welfare
4.b. Catchment
Management
programme
Proposed Sites
Check Dam under State fund
 5.Lake Management
Objectives

 To Increase the Capacity

 To Improve the Water Quality

 To improve the Bio Diversity

General Functions of the Tanks
• Reflects culture and heritage
• Fulfills drinking water needs
• Useful to increase Ground water recharging
• Scope for development of biodiversity
• Income generation activities
• Useful for Relaxation and tourism attraction for the
public
• To meet irrigation needs
• Controls climate change
• Aquaculture development
• Act as a Birds Sanctuary
• Improvement in environment and health
• Acts as flood control systems
 MANAGIRI SUPPLY CHANNEL

PARASURAMANPATTY SUPPLY
CHANNEL

MARUTHANKULAM SUPPLY
SURPLUS CHANNEL CHANNEL

VANDIYUR SUPPLY CHANNELS

5.a. MSW / Debris’s Management
 5.a. MSW /
Debris’s
Management
Rice Husk Ash (RHA) Bricks
Rice Husk Ash (RHA) Bricks
5.b.LAKE RESTORATION
DESILTING ACTIVITIES
Mookanery lake- salem

ENGINEERING MEASURES
BIO-ENGINEERING MEASURES
BIO-ENGINEERING MEASURES
Formation of Islands and planted Tress
with full growth after 10 months
BIO-ENGINEERING MEASURES
Formation of Islands and planted Tress
with full growth after 10 months
BIO-ENGINEERING MEASURES
Formation of Islands and planted Tress
with full growth after 12 months
BIO-ENGINEERING MEASURES
Formation of Islands and planted Tress
with full growth after 1 year
BIO-ENGINEERING MEASURES
5.c. IAM WARM PROJECT
LAKES IN WRD
LAKES -TN IAMWARM by PWD-WRD
LAKES -TN IAMWARM by PWD-WRD
5300-Trees saved by PWD-WRD
 Water Resources Development

World Bank Fund

NABBARD Bank Fund
Central Government
State Government Schme
DRDA
TE
AM
W
OR
K
Slow Food - Native Food
Slow Food - Native Food
5.d. RESTORATION OF LAKE
USING BIOREMEDIATION
Arial view of
Nainital lake
 Oxygen
monitoring
system

Fine bubble
Aeration system
 Fine bubble
Aeration system
AQUACULTURE IN NAINITAL LAKE
 NULAGI-TECHNOLOGY

Natural process
Feed to Develop Algae
Available as Powder
Tested in Indian condition
Substitutes Electrical Aeration
NUALGI SYSTEM IN
MADIWALA LAKE IN
BANGALURU
NUALGI SYSTEM IN
MADIWALA LAKE IN
BANGALURU
6.Reuse and Recycle of
Waste water
WASTE WATER AND ITS IMPACTS

Pollutes surface water

Pollutes Ground water

Reduces food production

Induces many kinds of diseases

Destroys the Eco system

 Sources of Waste water
Domestic sector
Hostel, Hospitals
Housing sector
Local bodies
Industrial sector
Tannery, Textile dyeing
Sago,Paper & Pulp
Distillaery, Chemical Industries
Agriculture sector
Tourism Sector
 BIO-OZOLYTE TECHNOLOGY

Natural process
Combination of the above
Require less land
Less power requirement
Less maintenance cost
6.a. Waste Water Treatment
at Slaughter house Salem
Slaughter House -Salem FIXING OF EBB BLOCK

Aeration with Submersible

Floating Aerator
 Slaughter house waste water

Raw-After EBB-Ozone-Anolyte
6.b. Waste Water Treatment
near Sulur Big Tank
BYE-PASS ARRANGEMENTS

Rainy Season
Diversion Wall

Supply Channel

L A K E

STP
By pass arrangements

During Non Rainy Season

 Location of STP In Sulur
River Noyyal
Sulur Anicut

To Irrigation
Small Tank

Big Tank Sulur STP

Sulur Town

To Coimbatore

NH Road ToTirupu
r
Visit by Student Community from Various Colleges at Sulur
WORLD BANK OFFICIALS VISIT
SULUR STP PLANT
 RESEARCH ON
TREATED WATER
QUALITY

BY TNAU PROF
6.bc. House Waste
Water Treatment
Reuse of waste water in SRT house at Sulur
 Modified
Septic Tank

Drip with Treated water

Garden using
Treated water
Garden using
Treated water
6.d. Waste Water Treatment
near OOTY lake - 2 Mld
 New STP- Diversion channel New STP- 2 mld

New STP- EBB Fixing Fine Bubble Aeration System

Near Ooty lake -

2 Mld waste water Treatment Plant
 6.e. Waste
Water Treatment With Drip For
Landscaping At Study World
College
Reuse of waste water through
drip for Garden 7 landscaping
 Three in One

Reuse of Waste
water after treatment
Solved water
scarcity through
DRIP
Greenery
development
7. Agriculture sector
7.a. Organic Farming
Reduction in Millets
Application
of Chemical
fertilizers
Chemicals used in AGRICULTURE

DAP,UREA,
ENDOSULFAN, MALATHIYAN
KUNFU,KARATE,ROUND UP
FIRING,
SO MANY OTHER CHEMICALS
Sustainable Agriculture
linkage to wastes
MULCHING

MULCHING
MULCHING
Form-1
Form-2
Form-3

MULCHING
Form-4
Form-4
Form-3,4
 Mulching
and organic
farming
Form-3,4
Form-3&4
Form-3 & 4
Sustainable Agriculture
linkage to wastes
Sustainable Agriculture
linkage to wastes
7.b.Paddy Festival
 Paddy festival

 Save our Rice

 152 varieties
Reinvented
Paddy festival

 Save our Rice

 152 varieties
Reinvented
 Water saving
7.c. Drip / Micro Irrigation
Drip for Agriculture
Drip IN Paddy
 8.Super Energy Farm
at
Aliyur near Nagapattinam
Cauvery delta
 Details of Farm
• Total 12.50 acres and during purchase not even a
single tree was there
• After 12 years total trees as live fencing is more than
5000 of around 600 varities…
• 5 nos of farm ponds of 0.10 M cu m rain water shall be
harvested in one year
• Bio diversity has improved -56 birds identified
• Honey is extracting
• 6 types of Fruit trees
• 20 varieties of paddy
• 12 varieties of Brinjal
• 10 varieties of tomoto
• 6 varieties of fishes
• ATR for value added products
• Farm Training center
• Nursery cultivation
• Millet cultivation
• Cattles for Bio repellent production
• Moving towards international training with USA firm
 Farm pond no - 1

Total ponds 5 nos capacity-0.1 M cu m

Organic Mushroom Cultivation
Pond No-2
With Educated Trainers- 20 nos
Sector wise activities & in
charges
Millets with inter crop
All round trees- live fencing with
indigenous tress- 5000 nos
Water saving methods- drip &
sprinkler systems
Value added products
20 Varieties of Paddy
Nursery –with green Shadow
 In come
• Fishes, Honey

• Mushroom

• Nursery

• Grains

• Value added products

• Vegetables

• Fruits
9. Lake Management
by NGO and Public
 State wide Organizations
• Siruthuli
9.Water & food
Management
Sustainable Food at Home function
1. No aginomotto
2. No Milk
3. No sugar added sweets
4. No maida
5. No dalta
6. No refined oil
7. No colouring agents
8. No Flavor powders
9. No ice cream A to Z
10.No water bottle Millet food
My dream is Water sufficient State
and Hygienic State & Healthy
younger Generation ….
Sustainable Food at Home function

1. Thothuvalai Juice
2. Navadhaniya Idly
3. Small millets Dosai
4. Small millets Chappathy
5. Kuthiraivali Briyani
6. Kumbu rice -curd
7. Fruits
8. Water supply in Tumbler A to Z
Millet food
Avoided water bottles
Owner of two
philosophies

1.Peace
2.Rural Base
 The “Triple Circles ”…
Economic
Sustainable Incomes
Subsidies
Efficiency
Sustainable Growth
Investment Prioritization
Political Cooperation
Social
Environmental
Pollution prevention Poverty Alleviation
Water Productivity Livelihoods/Equity
Groundwater mgmt Access to clean water
Energy efficiency Environmental Health
Catchment management Gender/Tribals
Reduction in Siltation Resettlement/Migration
Sustainable agriculture
Floods/Droughts control
 In Nutshell…
River basin approach and Nationalization of
Rivers

Catchment to sea conflux ( forest area )

Rain water harvesting

Treatment of waste water (Domestic

&Industrial)

Desilting of old lakes

Promotion of organic farming

Waste reduction in all sector

ROLE OF GOVERNMENTS

Basin wise approach

Identifying the critical issues

Reuse and recycling of waste water

Conducting awareness programme

Promotion of Economic utilization of water

Drip, micro irrigation & organic farming

ROLE OF INSTITUITIONS & INDIVIDUALS

Environmental monitoring of River basins

Documentation of the status of River Basins

Waste water treatment , Drip, Landscaping

Conducting awareness programme

Identifying solutions to pollution

Implementation of Water Conservation Techniques

Net working with all sector

Capacity building

Rain water Harvesting

Wastage of drinking water shall be avoided

Arresting leakages in taps, pipes, etc.

Why Green Actions ?
Green Habits

Green Consumerism

Green Building

Green Thinking

Green Clubs

Green wishes

Green Manufacturing

Green Customs

Green Education
River Basins are our only
life line

Manage it with cost effective

solution for sustainability—using
Environmental Management
WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT NOT ONLY MAKE
MAN HAPPY BUT FLORA AND FAUNA TOO…

Thanking you
DISCUSSIONS