PRODUKSI DAN

PRODUKTIVITAS
BAHAN AJAR
KULIAH MANAJEMEN INDUSTRI
T E K N I K K I M I A U M P U RW O K E RTO
Production is the making of goods and services. High production may imply only
that more people are working and that employment levels are high (low
unemployment), but it does not imply high productivity.
Productivity is the ratio of outputs (goods and services) divided by the inputs
(resources, such as labor and capital).
The operations manager’s job is to enhance (improve) this ratio of outputs to
inputs.
Improving productivity means improving efficiency.
Productivity Measurement

The measurement of productivity can be quite direct. Such

is the case when productivity is measured by labor-hours
per ton of a specific type of steel.
Although labor-hours is a common measure of input, other
measures such as capital (dollars invested), materials (tons
of ore), or energy (kilowatts of electricity) can be used.
An example of this can be summarized in the following
equation:
Single-factor productivity : Indicates the ratio of goods and services produced
(outputs) to one resource (input).
Multifactor productivity : Indicates the ratio of goods and services produced
(outputs) to many or all resources (inputs).
Example
Memulai Program
1. Aktifkan program POM-QM for Windows.
2. Klik Module, klik kiri salah satu sub menu (misal Productivity) seperti
pada tampilan Gb. 1 berikut ini.
3. Klik New untuk membuat file baru atau pilih Open untuk membuka file
yang tersedia.
Modul Produktivitas
Modul ini digunakan untuk menghitung produktivitas dan
perubahannya pada sejumlah periode tertentu, mencakup baik
produktivitas faktor tunggal (single-factor productivity) maupun
produktivitas multifaktor (multi-factor productivity).
Produktivitas faktor tunggal (single-factor productivity)
berdasarkan satu sumber masukan.
Produktivitas multifaktor (multi-factor productivity) berdasarkan
banyak sumber masukan (misalnya buruh, modal, bahan materi,
energi)
Prosedur pengoperasian

1. Klik Module, klik Productivity, klik New, maka akan muncul tampilan
isian data (data set)
2. Lengkapi isian data, kemudian klik Ok:
- Title (judul data)
- Number of Inputs/Factors (jumlah input/faktor)
- Number of Time Periods (jumlah periode waktu)
3. Lengkapi tabel isian data sesuai dengan data dari soal, kemudian
klik Solve untuk menampilkan solusi/penyelesaian.
4. Klik Solutions untuk melihat semua format solusi.
Data
Solusi

Produktivitas buruh menurun 12%

Produktivitas multifaktor menurun 7.1857%