Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles

using Kabau (Archidendron bubalinum) pod extract

Muhamad Allan Serunting1,2*, Muhammad Ali Zulfikar1, and Henry Setiyanto1

1
Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
2
Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia
 Introduction

Medical

Nanomaterial has become a major

concern by many researchers.
Nanomaterial have been used in a
Human
wide application in various fields. Food
Life
Health care
in particular, because of their size,
shape and composition related to
their chemical, physical and optical
Industry
properties Purposes

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Approaches For Synthesis
• High enegry consumtion
Physical • Low Yield

• High Yield
Chemical • Hazardous

• Low cost
Green Chemistry • High yield

(Zhang et all, 2016)

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Introduction

Kabau Pods
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 Material and Methods

• AgNO3
• Kabau pods were collected from traditional market waste in Ulumusi
District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
• Aquadest
• Phytochemical reagent

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Methods

Kabau Pods •Kabau pods washed

•Cut into small size
•5 grams of Kabau pods boil in 100 mL of
distilled water at 80 ºC for 15 minutes to get
Kabau Pods more extracts. The extract is then filtered
Extract through Whattman paper. Filtrate stored in a
refrigerator at 4 ºC for further use.

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Synthesis of silver nanoparticle

AgNO3 Solution • 10 mL of AgNO3 solution was put into Vial. then

slowly drop the Kabau pods extract with various
volumes (0.05; 0.1; 0,15; 0,20 and 0.35 mL) under
sunlight irradiation for 15 minutes. Observe the
color changes that occur.
• The silver nanoparticle solution (AgNPs) was
centrifuged at 5000 rpm, then collected and dried
in an oven at 50 °C to obtain powdered silver
AgNps nanoparticles (AgNPs). The silver nanoparticles
(AgNPs) powder was used for further
characterization.

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 Result and discussion
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421 nm 2,5
421 nm 15 minute
3 hour
300 µl 3 day
2,0
Absorbance (a.u)

250 µl 11 day
2

Absorbance (a.u)
200 µl 49 day
150 µl 61 day
1,5
100 µl 110 day
50 µl
1 1,0

0,5 1 week 15 week

0
0,0
400 600
200 400 600 800
Wavelenght (nm) Wavelenght (nm)

Figure 1. The Effect of volume kabau pod extract (a) and time on the synthesis of silver
nanoparticles (b)
 The phytochemical screening

Table 1. The phytochemical screening analysis result

Chemical content Testing method Result positive if Result

Alkaloid - Dragendorff Orange, yellow to brown +
- Mayer +

Steroid/Triterpenoid Lieberman– Purple +

Burchard

Saponin Aquadest (shaking) Bubble -

Tanin/phenolic FeCl3 10% solution Sedimentation + Figure 3. Phytochemical test images of kabau pod extract;
control (a), Flavonoid test (b), Saponin test(c), Tanin test (d),
Lieberman-Burchard for steroids and triterpenoids (e), Dragendoff
Flavonoid MgCl2 10 % solution Red, yellow or orange + and Mayer (Alkaloids) (f,g)
 Result and discussion

Wavenumber Vibration
(cm-1)
1049 C-OH bending
Kabau Pod Extract
1401,71 C=O symmetric
stretching
Transmmitance (%)

2149
3344 O-H
1508
3344 1626 1049 1614,16 C=O asymmetric
stretching
AgNPs
2086

3423 1642 415

4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 All the peak confirm the
Wavelenght (cm ) -1
vibration of fungtional
Figure 4. The FTIR spectra of silver nanoparticles using Kabau (Archidendron bubalinum) Pods extract group of Kabau Pods .

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 Determine Particle Size
91.7 nm 58.9 nm

-32.2 mV -32.4 mV
52.8 nm 62.1 nm

Figure 5. The Particle size distribution of silver nanoparticles using volume Figure 6. Zeta potential value of Silver Nanoparticles use Kabau Pods
variations of Kabau Pods Extract (Archidendron bubalinum); 50 µl (a), 100 µl Extract (Archidendron bubalinum) at different times: 1 week (a) 15
(b), 100 µl 15 weeks (c), and 250 µl weeks
 Conclusion
1. Silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through a
green synthesis approach using kabau pod extract as a
reducing and stabilizing agent. The AgnO3 solution changes
from colorless to reddish due to the reduction of Ag + to Ag0
by the kabau pod extract.
2. The phytochemical test confirmed that kabau pod extract
contains phytochemical compounds such as alkaloids,
steroids, phenolics, and flavonoids which can act as
reducing agents and stabilizers of silver nanoparticles. The
surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 427 nm confirmed
that silver nanoparticles had been successfully synthesized.
3. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) reduction used kabau Pods
extract was success confirmed by Uv-Vis, FTIR, PSA, Zeta
Potential data.

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We are grateful for the financial support from
PUSLAPDIK and LPDP