Ontology

Application in
Education
Trandafir Andra
 Project Description

For this project in the context of the Semantic Web class, the means of what an ontology is are explored.
The goal of the project is to show how an ontological approach influences the field of global education. Various examples
of ontologies are given to reinforce this idea.
Table of Contents

01 02
What is an ontology Ontology building methodologies

03 04
Ontologies for Building an ontology
Education example
Applications
 01
What is an
ontology
Introduction
Ontologies are an essential concept of the Semantic
Web. An ontology is a formal and explicit
representation of data that conceptualizes
information in a particular domain for consistent
definition and access.
During the past twenty years, Semantic Web
technologies [1] and associated knowledge
representation languages and tools have matured to
the point that it is now feasible to consider their use
in applications beyond those normally associated
with computer science.
 Ackoff’s data-information-knowledge-wisdom pyramid

Knowledge-based fault detection of a forced air HVAC system with a clogged filter: (a)
data, (b) information, (c) knowledge and (d) wisdom. [2]
How the math ideas “connect.”
 02
Ontology building methodologi
 Example of methodologies

Human-centered ontology (HCOME)

The main goal of HCOME is to empower domain experts to

evolve their formal conceptualizations in their day-to-day
activities.
 Example of methodologies

Integrated Modelling Methodology

The Integrated Modelling Methodology principally guides the

process of creating application domain dependent.

Domain experts are considered to be an important stakeholder

group and mostly included in the knowledge acquisition phase.
The knowledge acquisition is performed with well-known state-
of-the-art techniques like, interviews, card sorting, laddering,
and concept/step/section listing. [3]
 Example of methodologies

Developing Ontology-Grounded Methods and

Applications (DOGMA)
Represents an ontology engineering methodology that is aimed
at building both highly reusable and usable ontologies. This is
achieved by using a shared ontology base.
 03
Ontologies for Education
Application
The Bologna declaration (1999) initiated remarkable reforms of European Higher
Education. The goal was to introduce a common framework of transparent and comparable
degrees that ensures the recognition of knowledge and qualifications of citizens all across the
European Union. [4]

The main ways in establishing this were by promoting the following key aspects:

- Adapting easily readable and comparable degrees

- Adapting a system essentially based on two main cycles
- Establishing a system of credits
- Promoting mobility
- Promoting European co-operation in quality assurance
- Promoting the necessary European dimensions in higher education.
Instruments:

ECTS
Curricular
Students exchange agreements
Readability of education
Courses diplomas
Language certificates
04 Example
A model for an Education Ontology developed by
Corvinus University of Budapest

The ontology model is developed as a part of a

research project conducted by the Department of
Information Systems at the Corvinus University of
Budapest, which aims at introducing an interface,
which can develop a customised qualification
program, based on the individual’s pervious
qualifications, completed levels, corporate
trainings and practical experiences, in case of
entering a certain educational level. [4]
 References

[1] Delgoshaei, P.; Heidarinejad, M.; Austin, M.A. “A Semantic Approach for Building System
Operations: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning”. Sustainability 2022, 14, 5810.

[2]Baker, E. L. “Ontology-based educational design: Seeing is believing” (Resource Paper No. 13).

Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles, National Center for Research on Evaluation,
Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST).

[3] Bernd Stadlhofer, Peter Salhofer, Augustin Durlacher “An Overview of Ontology Engineering

Methodologies in the Context of Public Administration”. Institute of Information Management. FH
JOANNEUM

[4] Testing Réka “Educational Ontology and Knowledge” Vas Corvinus University of Budapest,
Hungary

[5] John Milam “Ontologies in Higher Education” HigherEd.org, Inc., USA