Presentation in english

Kenji yema/stonesteel
 Paradise lost.
• In his introduction to the Penguin edition of Paradise Lost, the Milton scholar
John Leonard notes, "John Milton was nearly sixty when he published Paradise
Lost in 1667. The biographer John Aubrey (1626–1697) tells us that the poem
was begun in about 1658 and finished in about 1663. However, parts were
almost certainly written earlier, and its roots lie in Milton's earliest youth.
Leonard speculates that the English Civil War interrupted Milton's earliest
attempts to start his "epic poem” that would encompass all space and time.
• Leonard also notes that Milton "did not at first plan to write a biblical
epic. Since epics were typically written about heroic kings and queens (and
with pagan gods), Milton originally envisioned his epic to be based on a
legendary Saxon or British king like the legend of King Arthur.
• Having gone blind in 1652, Milton wrote Paradise Lost entirely
through dictation with the help of amanuenses and friends. He also wrote
the epic poem while he was often ill, suffering from gout, and despite
suffering emotionally after the early death of his second wife, Katherine
Woodcock, in 1658, and the death of their infant daughter
 Paradise lost.
• In his introduction to the Penguin edition of Paradise Lost, the Milton scholar
John Leonard notes, "John Milton was nearly sixty when he published Paradise
Lost in 1667. The biographer John Aubrey (1626–1697) tells us that the poem
was begun in about 1658 and finished in about 1663. However, parts were
almost certainly written earlier, and its roots lie in Milton's earliest youth.
Leonard speculates that the English Civil War interrupted Milton's earliest
attempts to start his "epic poem” that would encompass all space and time.
• Leonard also notes that Milton "did not at first plan to write a biblical
epic. Since epics were typically written about heroic kings and queens (and
with pagan gods), Milton originally envisioned his epic to be based on a
legendary Saxon or British king like the legend of King Arthur.
• Having gone blind in 1652, Milton wrote Paradise Lost entirely
through dictation with the help of amanuenses and friends. He also wrote
the epic poem while he was often ill, suffering from gout, and despite
suffering emotionally after the early death of his second wife, Katherine
Woodcock, in 1658, and the death of their infant daughter
Satan, formerly called Lucifer, is the first major character introduced in the poem. He is a tragic
figure who famously declares: "Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven" . Following his vain 
rebellion against God he is cast out from Heaven and condemned to Hell. The rebellion stems from
Satan's pride and envy Opinions on the character are often sharply divided. Milton presents Satan
as the origin of all evil, but readers have historically struggled with accepting this interpretation. 
Romanticist critics in particular, among them William Blake, Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and 
William Hazlitt, are known for reading Satan as the "true hero" of Paradise Lost. Other critics, such
as Lewis and Charles Williams, both of whom were devout Christians, argued against reading Satan
as a sympathetic, heroic figure. John Carey argues that this conflict cannot be solved, because the
character of Satan exists in more modes and greater depth than the other characters of Paradise
Lost; in this way, Milton has created an ambivalent character, and any "pro-Satan" or "anti-Satan"
argument is by its nature discarding half the evidence. Satan's ambivalence, Carey says, is "a
precondition of the poem's success - a major factor in the attention it has aroused.

Dyk? : In the 1667 version of Paradise Lost, the poem was divided into ten books.
However, in the 1674 edition, the text was reorganized into twelve books. In later
printing, "Arguments" (brief summaries) were inserted at the beginning of each book.
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