Four stroke SI engine

Four stroke – Animation

Air + Fuel

Exhaust
 Compression Ignition engine (CI Engine,
Diesel type)
• In compression ignition (CI) engines, burning of fuel occurs due to compression of

the fuel to very high pressures.

• At very high pressures the fuel, i.e. diesel, starts burning automatically without the

need of any external flame.

• The engine operates at a high compression ratio of the order of 16 to 25.

• Used for bigger car, larger transport applications (trucks, bus, JCB)

• Non-transport uses, Generator, pumps.

Bus, Car or any 4 wheelers usually 4 sets of
cylinder will be there

Four Stroke Four Cylinder Engine

Four Stroke Engine
Look out the difference: 2 stroke SI &
CI engine

Spark Igniter
Look out the difference: 4 stroke SI &
CI engine
In a gasoline engine, the explosion process
is:
• Intake stroke – fuel is mixed with air
• Compression stroke – piston goes up,
mixture of fuel and air is compressed
• Ignition stroke – fuel/air is ignited
through the use of a spark plug
• Exhaust stroke – piston goes up, pushes
exhaust through the exhaust valve
In a diesel engine, the explosion process is:
• Intake stroke – intake valve opens, air in,
piston goes down
• Compression stroke – piston goes up, air
compressed (heated in excess of 540°C)
• Combustion stroke – fuel is injected
(right time), ignition, piston goes down
• Exhaust – piston goes up, pushes exhaust
through the exhaust valve
Comparisons of SI and CI engine
 Comparisons of SI and CI engine

S.no Parameter SI Engine CI Engine

1. Definition It is an engine in which the spark is used to It is and engine in which heat of compressed
burn the fuel. air is used to burn the fuel.
2. Fuel used Petrol is used as fuel. Diesel is used as fuel.
3. Operating cycle It operates on Otto cycle. It operates on Diesel cycle.
4. Compression ratio Low compression ratio (6 to 10) High compression ratio (15 to 20).
5. Thermal efficiency High thermal efficiency. Less thermal efficiency.
6. Method of ignition Spark plug is used to produce spark for the Heat of compressed air is used for the ignition.
ignition.
7. Engine Speed High speed engines. Low speed engines.
8. Pressure generated Low pressure is generated after  High pressure is generated after combustion.
combustion.
9. Constant parameter during Constant volume cycle. Constant pressure cycle.
cycle
10. Intake Air + fuel. Only air.
Weight of engine Si engine has less weight. CI engine are heavier.

12. Noise production It produces less noise. It produces more noise.

13. Production of hydrocarbon Less Hydrocarbon is produced. More hydrocarbon is produced.
14. Starting Starting of SI engine is easy. Starting of CI engine is difficult.
15. Maintenance cost Low High
16. Vibration problem Less Very High
17. Cost of engine Less cost High cost
18. Volume to power ratio Less High
19. Fuel supply Carburetor Injector
20. application It is used in light commercial vehicles like It is used in heavy duty vehicles likes bus,
motorcycle, cars etc. trucks, ships etc.