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Discrete Variable Probability Distribution Functions
Discrete Variable Probability Distribution Functions
Discrete Variable Probability Distribution Functions
Distributions
ENGDAT1 Lecture
Eric A. Siy
Dept of Industrial Engineering
De La Salle University
In short: An experiment with a fixed number of independent trials, each of which can only
have two possible outcomes.
In short: An experiment with a fixed number of independent trials, each of which can only
have two possible outcomes.
N=4
p= P(compatible)= 3/12= 0.25 For x= 0,1,2,3,4
q= 0.75 the probabilities are
P(0) = 0.31640625
P(1) = 0.421875 P(3) = 0.046875
P(2) = 0.2109375 P(4) = 0.00390625
P(X≥2) = 1- P(X≤1)
• Random variable X is the ordinal number of trial when the Kth success occurs.
Substituting k = 5, p = .2 , and x = 15
Ans: 0.314
Siy, Discrete Probability Distributions, DLSU Industrial
Engineering Dept
5th success on the 15th attempt
=0.0319
= =
=0.3514285714
• Here, the population size is N = 20, the sample size is n = 5, and the
number of S’s (inkjet = S) and F’s in the population are k = 12 and N –k
= 8, respectively.
Consider the value x = 2. Because all outcomes (each consisting of 5
particular orders) are equally likely,
+ +++ =
= (not likely)
Examples of occurrences:
• Number of calls that randomly arrive at a calling center every minute when the average number of calls per minute
is known from historical data.
• Number of customers that arrive at a fastfood for a given hour (ex. A Tuesday 3pm to 4 pm), given some known the
number of customers that arrive every hour every Tuesday afternoon)
• Number of data packets sent to a cell site per day.
• Number of typographical errors in an issue of the La Sallian.
• Number of scratches found on a traded UpperDeck collectible card.
• Number of dandruff flakes found on the shoulder of the next person you see. Try also pimple, mole, bruisemarks,
blemishes,etc found on a person’s body. When how many should be expected for members of a population.
x e
Probability distribution function: p ( x; )
for X=0,1,2.. a
x!
2.5 x e 2.5
Poisson pdf : p ( x; 2.5)
x!
2.5 2 e 2.5
P( x 2) p(2 ; 2.5) 0.2565
2!
Ans: There is a 25.65% probability that there would be exactly 2 customers in the next 30
seconds.
x np
(np) e
b ( x , n, p ) p q
n
x
x n x
P( x; np)
x!
The average number of people with AIDS in a certain country is about 2 every million. If
a survey was done such that of 3 million people truthfully reported their health status, What is
the probability that at most 4 people would report having AIDS?
Ans: Let X=number of people with AIDS in the sample of 3 million people. We have a
binomial probability function with n=3,000,000, p=2/106.
The average number of people with AIDS in a certain country is about 2 every million. If
a survey was done such that of 3 million people truthfully reported their health status, What is
the probability that at most 4 people would report having AIDS?
Ans: Let X=number of people with AIDS in the sample of 3 million people. We have a
binomial probability function with n=3,000,000, p=2/106.