Stage 3 Presentation

Design And Fabrication Of An Automated Wheel Chair Cum Bed.

Group Members
• Abdul Muqeet (18-IM-106)
• Ahmad Attar (18-IM-122)
• Itezaz Ranjha (18-IM-132)

Supervisor
Sir Ehtisham Riaz

Date
14-12-2021
 Problem Statement (PLO 01 and PLO 02)
Wheelchair has become essential for most of the movement of physically challenged individuals.
Many times during epidemics or when there is a sudden rise in number of patients in hospital
shortage of beds occurs. In order to overcome this problem, we have an objective to design and
fabricate wheelchair cum bed for our society where health care system is not strong enough for our
population. At such times, this wheelchair cum bed could be converted in wheelchair or bed as
required. The disabled patients resting on their bed for long duration of time often wheel loneliness
& mentally sick. A wheelchair cum bed to facilitate the disabled patient’s mobility and to provide
noble medical equipment for use.
 Literature Review (PLO 03 ad PLO 01)
• The main aim of this section to developed the chair that can obtain the stretcher form by various
mechanism and it is the idea to form a design of wheelchair that can be also convert into the
stretcher which will lead to occupy place of chair as well as stretcher and we don’t need to move
patient from chair.
• To create and analyze the dual-purpose wheelchair. Based on the results of our survey, we
believe that our wheelchair cum bed design is simple to use for elderly people as well as people
with leg impairments.
• To identify the various issues of the topic, importance of safety and hygiene and
significance of materials and manufacturing process involved in the whole product. The
project mainly focuses on cost effectiveness and easily acceptance. This Design of Wheel
Chair cum Stretcher enables the easier transferring and handling of patients in hospitals
without producing any damage to patient’s body externally and internally.
 Literature Review (PLO 03 ad PLO 01)
• On basis of our hospital, old age home and market survey, we made a best design of wheel chair
and bed for disabled people. The mechanism is designed and developed in order to reduce the
human fatigue. Wheelchairs are now considered not only means of transportation but also as a
way to allow user to express their individuality.
• The main purpose of this study to enhance the design of wheelchair and stretcher, showing sit
tilting mechanism by means of linear actuator system which leads to optional source for
physically challenged. The aim to design of wheelchair that can be also convert into the stretcher
which will lead to occupy place of chair as well as stretcher and we don’t need to move patient
from chair.
 Research Gap
• The work on this project has been done for the welfare of human being but unfortunately not
done in Pakistan. All this is provided to us by reviewing the literature about wheel chair cum bed.

• This gadget is very expensive due to it’s lesser quantity and so it is mostly imported and are very
less in quantity in our hospitals which we have to improve.

• These chairs should be designed and fabricated such that these should be in the range of
common people by using the previous samples of the automated wheel chairs .

• The material used in the production of it’s prototype should be of good quality at it’s minimum
price and this work is not being done to make it common in market and not in so many countries.
 Objectives (PLO 03)
• The main objective of wheelchair is used by people for whom walking is difficult or impossible
due to physical injury or disability and transferring the patients from wheelchair to stretcher is
always an issue for the attendant or helper.
• To improve the balance and postural stability of old age people .it can convert sleeping position
from sitting position easily.
• Easy movement from one place to another place. Converts sleeping position from sitting position
easily.
• The main aim of this section to developed the chair that can obtain the stretcher form by various
mechanism and it is the idea to form a design of wheelchair that can be also convert into the
stretcher which will lead to occupy place of chair as well as stretcher and we don’t need to move
patient from chair.
 Materials and Methodology (PLO 04)
• 12 V DC motor with battery and wires: Higher specific power (can provide higher short term
current, useful if you have a problem with your starting battery). It should be spill proof.

• Rack And Pinion Gear Drive: Rack Pinion mechanism in which pinion having 39 teeth .The rack and
pinion gear drive will convert energy in Rotational motion.

• Bearings: They reduce the friction between two mating parts and hence adjacently save the power.

• Frame(25mm X 25mm X 5mm) : The frame will be of steel sheets and pipes joined by arc welding.

• Two Way Switch : regulating single light or electric components through the usage of two different
switches located at different places.
 Materials and Methodology (PLO 04)
• Steel Sheets : The tensile strength of steel is comparatively high, The hardness of this alloy is high,
reflecting its ability to resist strain . The addition of certain elements, makes some types of steel
resistant to rust.

There are two methods of solution of it’s construction:

• Using Actuator.

• Using Rack And Pinion.

 Materials and Methodology (PLO 04)
Design
Taking in account all the considerations related to physically handicapped people our design provide
simple and cost effective construction. On the basis of all problems of complexity and economy, we
design new product which is user-friendly and automated. Proper material selection improves
product life and cost effectiveness by evaluating its analysis. All design is of wheelchair as well as
stretcher is created in PRO-E software
Market Survey
• Then we will survey the market to estimated the cost of the accessories which will be used in the
product. This is one of our main objective because we have to make this affordable by every one.

• Then we will go through the third party who will help us to assemble and modify the product if
needed in case of any difficult programming or else.
 Materials and Methodology (PLO 04)
Using Rack And Pinion
• In the present work the main objective is design and fabrication of wheel chair cum stretcher.
• In the first phase the frame structure with above dimensions three plates are fabricated from 25
mm X 25 mm X 2 mm square pipes and with 1 mm thick MS sheet using arc welding.
• And wheels of 6’ diameter are attached on the both sides of chair
• Afterwards 12 V DC motor is placed at the bottom portion which is connected with rack pion
mechanism in which pinion having 39 teeth and the length of rack is mentioned total length of
stretcher.
• And the pinion is connected with motor and rack is connected with neck end and feet end of
wheel chair with link. [AB]
 Materials and Methodology (PLO 04)
Working
When a wheelchair is converted to a bed, the switch is turned on, and the wiper motor receives a
48V electric supply from the batteries.
• The motor with pinion is in contact with the rack, which is inserted into the rack slot. And, in the
design diagram, the rack is connected to the back rest and leg rest through links.
• When the motor is turned on, the rotation is converted to linear motion by the rack connection,
resulting in angular displacement of the backrest in the downward direction, which is
synchronous with the angular displacement of the leg rest in the upward direction. The
wheelchair will be converted to a bed using this method.
• As the polarities of the batteries are reversed by the reverse switch to convert the position of the
bed to wheelchair, the rack returns to its original position.
 Materials and Methodology (PLO 04)
We have selected the rack and pinion method because :

• Either the actuator method is more effective and can bear more loads but have a larger and
heavier motor .
• Rack Pinion method is more faster in operation while actuator method has a slower operation.
• The method of actuator produces more heat and we have to consider the safety.
• The rack and pinion method is more easy to install.
• And the last factor of cost plays the most important role because we have to make it affordable by
common people as well.
 Scope (PLO 12)
• After the preparation and success of our project our project will be very beneficial for the
students regarding to their academic point of view because with the passage of time the students
will make many beneficial changes in this automated wheel chair cum bed by the addition of
many sensors as well.
• It can become common in the market which will increase the ease of the dealers and purchasers.
• It will impact a positivity in the society by giving a feeling of equality to the paralyzed one’s which
become fed-up from their life with their disability.
• Then it’s best scope is in the medical field in which it will be helpful for the patients and can be
used in the case of emergencies when more number of stretchers are required in case of a
pandemic etc.
 Contribution (PLO 08 and PLO 09)
Name
Abdul Muqeet (18-IM-106)
Muhammad Ahmad (18-IM-122)
Itezaz Ranjha(18-IM-132)
Contribution
Studied the literature on automated wheel chair cum
bed ,construction methods , working from our chosen
method , prepared the PPT file and amended it.
Studied and review the literature about automated
wheel chair cum bed , Its main Objectives and Scopes.
Studied and review the literature about automated
wheel chair cum bed ,form a literature review report
and form an initial ppt.
 Planning and Scheduling (PLO 11)

Stages Planned Dates PLO08 Panel Total

And (presentation
CLO08 and
corresponding
stage report)
Stage 1: Title Week 04
Proposal Semester 7
(27-09-2021)
Stage 2: Title Week 8 2 marks 1.5% marks 2.5%
and initial Semester 7 (4-
proposal 11-2021)
assessment(tota
l 2.5% marks)
 Planning and Scheduling (PLO 11)
Stage 3: Problem Week 14 Semester 7 2.5% marks 2.5% marks 5%
Statement, (14-12-2021)
Literature Review,
multiple solutions
evaluation

Stage 4:ongoing Week 7 Semester 8

(04-03-2021)
progress  

Stage 5: Evaluation Week 8 Semester 8 7.5% marks 7.5% marks 15%

of results and data (10-03-2022)
obtained for
Design/Analysis/Fab
rication

Stage 6: Poster ) Week Semester 10 5% marks 10% marks 15%

presentation and (24-03-2022
Final presentation
 Planning and Scheduling (PLO 11)
Stage 7: Sessional, Week Semester 15- 20% marks 35% marks (15% for 55%
Performance 16 (Before 30 April viva, and 20% for
(External examiner 2022) thesis writing)
Viva), and Final
Thesis writing
40.5% 59.5% 100%
 Social , health , safety , legal and cultural
issues (PLO 06)
• First in Health because it is directly related to the health care of a disabled person because by
using it the patient is easily handled and examined.

• Then the factor of Safety it is related to the safety of both the patient and the attendant.

• Then the factor of Sociality in which the gender equality comes and the feelings of being
degraded comes also.
 References
• P A Vaghela, “Stretcher cum Wheelchair for Patients”, International Journal of Futuristic Trends in
Engineering and Technology, Vol. 1 (03), 2014.
• Ehsaanullah Khan, Dr. C.C. Handa, Dr. R.D. Askhedkar, Synthesis of Trolley cum Wheelchair for
Patient Handling (2011).
• Sumedh J. Suryawanshi, Dr. K. Janardhan Reddy,”Conceptual Product Development of Wheelchair
for People Disabled in Legs” Volume 1, Issue 2, October-December, 2013, pp. 01-10
• Prof. R. S. Nipanikar , Vinay Gaikwad, Chetan Choudhari, Ram Gosavi, Vishal Harne “Automatic
wheelchair for physically disabled person”,(2013) (ijarece)
• Basavaraj K , Shantha kumar G.K, Mohamed Ajmal Pasha, Shubham Maruti Jabade, Mohamed
Ibrahimdz Design & analysis of seat tilting of a wheelchair by using hydraulic system”, IJER,
Volume No.ͻ Issue: Special ͼ, pp: ͷͷ͸9 - 1254, 20 May 2016