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Subjunctive Mood
Subjunctive Mood
indicative mood
imperative mood
subjunctive mood
Two forms of subjunctive mood
BE-subjunctive
WERE-subjunctive
Two forms of subjunctive mood
BE-subjunctive: realized by the base form of
a verb
WERE-subjunctive: realized by the verb
“were”(past tense form)
Uses of Subjunctive
Present:
1. If I were tired, I would have a rest.
Past:
1. If he had set out earlier, he would have
caught the early bus.
Future:
1. If I should have time tomorrow, I would go to the library.
2. If he were to come here this evening, we would invite him
to attend the party.
3. If it rained this afternoon, the football match would be
postponed until next Saturday.
Uses of Subjunctive
The subjunctive is used in English to
express a command, desire, hypothesis,
purpose, doubt, or supposition.
Content clauses expressing commands,
requests, or suggestions commonly use the
present subjunctive.
Uses of Subjunctive
such a clause may be introduced by a verb
like propose, suggest, recommend, move (in
the parliamentary sense), demand, or
mandate, by an adjective like imperative,
important, adamant, or necessary, or by a
noun like insistence or proposal
Uses of Subjunctive
To express a wish
The past subjunctive is used after the verb
to wish: I wish he were here or I wished he
were there. This use of the subjunctive is
sometimes known as the "volitional"
subjunctive.
Uses of Subjunctive
To express a hypothesis
The past subjunctive is used after the
conjunction if in a contrary-to-fact protasis.
For example:
If I were a millionaire, I would buy a sports
car.
If he had a car with him, he could drive us
there.
Uses of Subjunctive
By far the most common use of the
subjunctive is the use of the subjunctive
after "if" clauses that state or describe a
hypothetical situation.
If I were a butterfly, I would have wings.
BE-subjunctive
1. Decide,decree, suggest, move
2. advisable, appropriate, essential,
imperative
3. decision, decree, instruction, requirement
BE-subjunctive
It is imperative that the new law be
implemented.
If the rumor be true, everything is possible.
If the rumor were true, everything would be
possible.
If the rumor should be true, everything is
possible
Were-subjunctive
If I were in school again, I would wok
harder.
Were I in school again, I would work
harder.
If I were rich, I would build up a large house
for poor people.
Were-subjunctive
simple past
if …should
if …were to
Inverted conditional clause
Were…