Professional Documents
Culture Documents
European Linguistics in The 20th Century
European Linguistics in The 20th Century
Europe:
The Prague School
By Zakaria RMIDI
December 29, 2009
OUTLINE
1. Introduction to The Prague School/
(Linguistic Circle of Prague)
2. The Prague School’s Major
Contributions:
• Function in the Prague conception
• The concept of opposition (phonological features)
• The notion of neutralization: archiphoneme
• The theory of Markedness
• Recent contribution: Theme and Rheme
3. Conclusion:
• The Prague School as a combination of structuralism
and functionalism.
1. Introduction
• The Prague School (Linguistic Circle of Prague) was
established in 1926 by Vilem Mathesius (1882-1946).
• It was in 1911 that Mathesius published his first call for a non
historical approach to the study of language.
A. Distinctive opposition:
– limp
Only one of the three
– lint sounds /m, n, ŋ/ appears
– link before the three plosives.
limp |lɪNp|
lint |lɪNt|
link |lɪNk|
The Theory of Markedness:
Markedness in Phonology:
Markedness in Morphology:
Markedness in Vocabulary:
Markedness in Phonology:
• For example:
• Brotherhood is unmarked.
• Sisterhood is marked.
Recent contribution: Theme and Rheme.