EXPLANATIONS AND

ADVANTAGES OF GROUP
COMPASS

GROUP 1
 A. MUSYAHWIR
 AAN ZULKARNAEN AZHARI
 AFRIDEDI JUNAID
 AHMAD DANIAL
 ARISAL AMIR
 FREDIRIAN SANDA
 EXPLANATION ABOUT COMPASS

Compass is a navigation tool that serves to determine the direction at sea. That is the direction in which the
ship must sail, and the direction of objects outside the ship to our ship, for example the direction of a beacon,
cape, island and so on that we lay down to determine the position of the ship from time to time.

On board a merchant ship, in general, there are 2 types of compasses, namely :

1. Magnetic Compass
2. Gyro-compass
 ELECTRONIC COMPASS

In addition to these 2 types of compass, at this time also developing another type called the electronic
compass. Although the gyro compass works on the principle of using ship electricity, it is not included in the
category of electronic compass.

Known electronic compasses are :

1. Flux Gate Compass (FGC)

2. Ring Laser Gyro-compass (RLG).

3. Satellite Compass
 Here's an example image

Flux Gate Compass (Raytheon) Ring Lasser Gyro Compass (Delta)

Satellite Compass
 DRY MAGNETIC COMPASS
Dry magnetic compass is a magnetic compass where the magnetic
rods are installed parallel to each other and hung under the guide
roses using silk threads, so that they can move freely horizontally.
Advantages of dry magnetic compass is :
• If there is damage, the repair is not too difficult
• Easier at the time of reciprocation
• The price is cheaper
• No air bubbles causing the compass to be unsettled
• No condensation on the glass lid which makes it difficult to read
 LIQUID MAGNETIC COMPASS

In a liquid compass or wet compass, the compass disc is in a liquid. For this
reason, the compass kettle must be completely waterproof and the
construction is stronger than a dry magnetic compass. In general, the
function of the liquid is to dampen the ship's vibrations so that the compass
disc is quieter. Additionally it can reduce the chance of damage to pins, and
compass roses.
Advantages of liquid magnetic compass is :
• The magnetic moment is greater.
• A moment of great deceleration that causes great calm.
• Greater damping due to ship movement.
• Can be used on small boats / lifeboats
 GYRO COMPASS

A gyrocompass is a type of non-magnetic compass which is based on a

fast-spinning disc and the rotation of the Earth (or another planetary
body if used elsewhere in the universe) to find geographical direction
automatically. The use of a gyrocompass is one of the seven
fundamental ways to determine the heading of a vehicle. A gyroscope is
an essential component of a gyrocompass, but they are different devices;
a gyrocompass is built to use the effect of gyroscopic precession, which
is a distinctive aspect of the general gyroscopic effect. Gyrocompasses
are widely used for navigation on ships, because they have two
significant advantages over magnetic compasses:
• They find true north as determined by the axis of the Earth's rotation,
which is different from, and navigationally more useful than,
magnetic north, and
• They are unaffected by ferromagnetic materials, such as in a ship's
steel hull, which distort the magnetic field.