Engineering Exploration & Design Project

ENGINEERING DESIGN SESSION-3

POWER SUPPLY DESIGN and
MOTOR SIZING

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 Topic Learning Outcomes

1. Design a reliable and effective DC power supply.

2. Select the proper motor for given application.

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 Power Supply Design

1. Design a simple DC power supply:

Draw the circuit diagram
Circuit building
 First things first

• What is an Electric circuit?

– Combination of components, wires connected
between power sources. It's like a physical
program.

• What kind of power is needed for these

projects?
– AC or DC power source
 Power Supply Design

• What are the basic components used in circuits?

– Power Sources

– Components:
• Resistor
• Capacitor
• Diodes
• Light Emitting Diodes (LED)
• Transistors
• Wire
On what structure these will combine to
make interesting things?

Emulation Platform:
Real time Implementation
PCB, Breadboards, IC’s
Advantages: You can use directly in circuits.

Simulation Platforms:
Look alike copy of real time implementation.
TINA, Proteus, NI - Multisim
Advantages: Reduce cost, effort.
 BREAD BOARD
Definition: Creating, organizing, and prototyping a circuit.

 
What are resistors?
Resistors provide a specific amount of
resistance to a path in a circuit or wire. Ohm's
law is used to calculate the
properties related to resistance.

Ohm's Law:  I = V/R

I = Current measured in Amps
V = Voltage measured in Volts
R = Resistance measured in Ohms

Resistors are color coded.

Resistor Color Code
BBROYGBVGW - 0123456789
Resistor in combination
• Equivalence Resistance connected in Series add up.
• Equivalence resistance connected in parallel is addition
of inverse of each resistor.
 What are LED’s

Light Emitting Diodes
Diode Symbol + Arrows for light
Points to ground
Multimeter
Multimeter

Voltage
Multimeter

Current
 Activity: Light the LED
Parts: Battery, Resistor, LED

Why: Power Source

An LED will light up when appropriate voltage is supplied but can
also burn out if too much is allowed to pass through. The resistor
will limit the voltage to prevent damage.

Do:
Simulation Platform

Click on start menu on Windows

Type Multisim in the Start menu

Wait until Multisim 14.1 loads.

Build & Verify the Circuit in MultiSim

Series
Series Circuit Example
circuit example
Parallel
Parallel Circuit Example
Circuit example
Series Parallel
Parallel andCircuit Example
Series Circuit Example
Capacitors
What are(Charge storage devices)
capacitors?
Capacitor is two parallel plates separated by distance or
separated charges.
Two major kinds
• Electrolytic, asymmetric, bipolar 
• Ceramic, symmetric
Capacitors
Capacitors in Series Circuit Example
in series
Capacitors
Capacitors in Parallel Circuit Example
in Parallel

They can provide energy.

They can smooth out a signal.
Capacitors
Capacitors in Series Parallel
in series andCircuit Example
parallel
 Introduction

Need of Power Supply:

To operate industrial machinery (AC or DC).
Power supply modules—used to convert the AC to DC
voltage.

Power Supply Configuration:

Type of source
The requirements for the application
Safety features
Size
Efficiency, noise immunity of the system
Cost
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Power Supply modules in IC form

 7805, 7806 7809, 7810, 7812, 7815 7818, 7824 voltage

regulators with maximum current rating of 1 Ampere.

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 Power Supply – Design (AC to DC)

Steps to Design a simple DC Power Supply: (20

Minutes)
Convert available AC voltage into DC voltage
(5V or 12V)
Draw the circuit diagram
Verify the circuit (NI-Multisim & on
Breadboard)
Select the proper components for required
specifications

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 Component List for Power Supply Design

Component List :
1.Step down transformer (Center tapped) (12 – 0 – 12) or (16 – 0)
2.Voltage regulator (LM7805, LM7812)
3.Capacitors (2200uF, 470uF)
4.Diodes (1N4007)
5.Multi-meter
5 Volt & 12 Volts Power Supply from regular Supply
Circuit Diagram
5 Volt DC Power Supply from 230V AC Supply
Simple Circuit Diagram
5 Volt & 12 Volts Power Supply from regular Supply
Circuit Diagram with normal Step-down transformer
 Motor Sizing

1. Motor types and selection of motor for

various applications:
Working Principle
Powering the motor

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 Topic Learning Outcomes

1. Select the proper motor for particular application.

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 Basic Architectures of Motors

DC Motor AC Motor (3-phase, 1-phase)

Whenever a current AC electric motor operates by
carrying conductor is applying alternating current
placed in a magnetic (AC) power to the electric
field, it experiences a motor which works on the
mechanical force. principle of ‘rotating
(DC Motor, Stepper magnetic field’.
Motor, BLDC, Servo) (IM, Synchronous Motor)

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Parts of DC Machine
 DC Electric
Motor Construction
Armature Core
Working of DC Motor
Stepper Motor
Operation
DC Motor Operation

Ref.: makeagif.com
 Motor Sizing Principles
• Motor: Converts electrical energy into mechanical
energy.
• Mechanical Power: The mechanical output of the
motor (P) measured in Watts. Older motors and USA
motors measure power in Horse Power (Hp).
Conversion Factor: 1 Hp = 746 W
• Speed: The number of revolutions per minute of the
motor. Usually denoted “N” and measures in rpm.
Conversion Factors: n=N/60; ω=2πN/60
• Torque: The force with which a motor turns is called
Torque measured in Newton meters (Nm).
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 Motor Sizing Principles

The relationship between Power (P), 2NT

Speed (N) and Torque (T): P
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Losses and Efficiency:
Efficiency

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 Motor Sizing Principles

Motor Sizing: The process of picking the correct

motor for a given load.

Ratings:
Voltage;
Current;
Speed;
Power;
Torque

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 Motor Sizing Principles

Motor will
start or not?

This motor will start the load and get it up to

speed correctly.
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 Motor Sizing Principles

Motor will
start or not?

This motor will never even start.

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 Motor Sizing Principles

Motor will
start or not?

This motor will start the load but it will get stuck
at the stall point.
Peak load torque (or power) < Rated Motor torque (or power) x (1+Service factor/100%)
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Types and Application of DC Motors

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THANK
YOU

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