Mapping Time

Map

1. Maps in general is graphical representation of features

on flat surface

2. Maps helps to know geospatial pattern and relationship

3. Analysis of change is almost impossible without

considering time

4. So, the objective of map is fulfilled by applying

temporal component
 Time

1. The indefinite continued progress of existence and events in

the past, present and future regarded as a whole

2. Can be considered linear or cyclic

3. This classification is complex and unclear

4. Has little or no use in mapping

 Mapping Time

1. Mapping of a place at certain time is time mapping.

2. The technique of depicting the changes in various

things and phenomenon's over the different time spans
is called time series mapping.
 TIME SERIES MAPPING

1. Time series mapping is a technique of depicting

the changes in various things and
phenomenon's over the different time spans.

2. In this type of mapping time is a major guiding

variable that directs how the changes or
alterations has taken place in the past, present
and will happen in the future.
 Mapping Change

1. Refers to change in feature’s existence

such as appearance or disappearance

2. Also implies to change in geometry, in

attributes or both
Temporal Cartographic Depiction Mode

Three methods for depiction

i. Single Static Mode

ii. Series Of Static Mode

iii. Animated Map

 Single Static Map
1. In single static map only one map is present
and the change is shown by the use of specific
graphic variables and symbols.

2. It is non interactive i.e no zooming, panning or

changing map layers.
 Series of Static Map
1. Combination of maps representing snapshots
at particular time .

2. Change perceived by looking at the maps

successively.

3. The change in spatial sequence represents

change in temporal sequence.

4. Number of image must be limited.

 Animation

1. Animations are useful in clarifying trends and process

2. The development of animation took place in different phase:

i. First phase was manual cartoon like approach(1960’s)
ii. Second phase developed with computer produced imagery(1980’s)
iii. Third phase of animation is going on, created and enabled by GIS technology
 Animated Map
1. Animated maps have interactive components, they are uniquely defined by their use of animation to
display spatial data.

2. Can be used to generate new insights into geographic processes that had been previously
unrecognized using either static maps or statistical analysis. 

3. Allow us to represent time directly.

4. Change is perceived to happen by displaying several snapshots in a single frame

5. These maps typically contain little user-interaction capabilities—they are watched by the user as if
watching a movie—though they may contain zooming or panning functionality, or the option to
pause the animation at a point in time.

6. Animated maps are used to visualize a wide range of data topics, from weather to health data,
demographic statistics to travel routes.
 Temporal Animated Map
1. Direct relation exists between display time
and world time.

2. Shows change in the locational or attribute

components of spatial data.

3. The temporal animation resolution can be

seconds, years, decades, etc.

4. Interactive features such as play, pause,

forward backwards, slow and fast must be
provided .
 Non-Temporal Animated Map
1. Animation have no direct link with the world
time But shows changes against some other
variables other than time.

2. Used to show spatial relationships or to clarify

geometrical or attribute characteristics of spatial
phenomena.

These animations can be split into two parts

i. Display of build up of phenomena
ii. Showing change in phenomena and
variation brought by it.
 Need or Use of Animated maps

1. Animated maps are an intuitive and appealing way to represent geographic processes because they allow
us to represent time directly.

2. Animated maps aren't just about showing change over time, and non-temporal animated maps are
interesting alternatives to more traditional static maps. 

3. Map animation can be used to generate new insights into geographic processes that had been previously
unrecognized.

4. Animations can also be very useful for explaining or providing insights into spatial relationships.
 Dynamic Variable

1. For translation of spatial data into maps and ease in

perceiving data we need visual variables

2. In animated maps along with the display movement we

need graphic variables too

3. Along with these we need the Dynamic Variables to

reinforce the traditional graphic varibles
The most important of the dynamic variable are
1. Display time:
This is the time at which some display is initiated.

2. Duration:
The length of time nothing changes in the display. A direct
link between each frame and world time exists.

3. Order:
This refers to the sequence of frames or scenes. Time
is inherently ordered

4. Frequency:
Frequency is linked with duration, either can be
defined in terms of other.

Out of these duration and order are the most important as

they can describe the narrative character of animation.
Thank you !!!
Aditya Kushwaha – PAS074BGE003
Arjun Kandel – PAS074BGE006
Sachin Dhami – PAS074BGE032
Suman Adhikari – PAS074BGE045