2010

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

National Grid Experience

2010

ENEL

Experience

2010

10

ENEL

Experience

2010

11

ENEL

Experience

2010

12

Hydro Quebec M.Duval

2010

13

Hydro Quebec M.Duval

2010

14

Hydro Quebec M.Duval

2010

15

. . . . . . . . -

2010

16

transform population MVA er

transformer population according to manufacture year

200-500 30%

0-5 18%
1980-1990 21%

1990-2000 31%

100-200 15%

5-25 30% 25-100 7%

1970-1980 11%

1960-1970 11%

1956-1960 3%

2000-2010 23%

. . .30
2010

50%
17

Transformer assessment program

Transformers Risk group

Risk management program

. .
2010 18

Transformer assessment

Risk management

Normal group

Risk group

Predicted maintenance
Age group Operation group

Sulfur corrosion group

Spare parts management

Furan

Operation limiting
Load & temperature limiting

Insulation refurbishment Oil replacement Passivation Oil reclaim

Spare transformer
DGA Electrical tests

Spare parts

DP

Spare bushings Bushings replacement

Routine Oil Test

Thermographic

Spare coolers (pumps, fans)

Rewinding

2010

19

2010

20

2010

21

2010

22

FURAN & DGA based transformers assessment

(Relative score)

UMT 40A 5 7 6 4 4 10

UAT 40A 6 6 3 3 3 5

UMT 40B 5 4 2 2 2 3

UAT 40B 10 10 3 6 5

UMT 30A 5 7 10 8 10 4

UAT 30A 5 6 3 3 3 4

UMT 30B 3 3 2 2 2 6

UAT 30B 5 6 3 3 3 4
Acidity

Furan Ethylene (C2H4) Acetylene (C2H2) Methane (CH4) CO2

2 2 4

1 1

3 3

UAT rank UMT rank

2010

23

"

2010

24

"

2010

25

Total quality diagnose

- Proper transformer iagnose is based on reliable information from as many sources - Integrated approach lead to and suitable decision on best maintenance. - Right decision can reduce investments and improve company image.

DGA

Sulfur

Oil
Furan DP IR thermo
Acoustics monitoring FB

Ratio tests

SFRA, FDS

VB DC

Dissipation factor

PD

2010

26

Importance of good reproducibility results

High repeatability is essential for estimation fault severity

2010

27

Correlation between oil quality , DGA and Furan

Humidity, Elevate Temperature, Electrical & Mechanical disturbance, impurities in oil affect the transformer isolation (oil & paper). Gases and furans are generated according to the severity of the fault . During the rapid ageing of oil, the inhibitor disappear and consequently the acid is rising. The process continue by production of sludge, the sludge deposit on hot area inside the transformer and the whole process intense by positive feedback. The sludge prevent heat dissipation through the oil. The acid and sludge are one of the factors that affect the dielectric integrity of the oil/paper isolation. Destruction of the cellulose produce water that amplify again the aging process . The transformer life can be improved and enlarged by: a. prevent impurities inside the transformer b. Keeping humidity and oxygen away by proper sealing c. Keeping the inhibitor level d. Efficient cooling Furans measurement can indicate the remaining life period of the transformer.
.

2010

28

Inhibitor Survey in Israel Electric

If Inhibitor concentration is high enough then acidity and dissipation factor will be low

2010

29

Conclusion

Reliable oil tests is an important tool for transformers assessments and risk management. Oil tests are sometimes the single way for receive data to make proper transformers maintenance decision . Repeatability and accuracy of the tests are critical for right evaluation of transformer condition . The best practical way for good condition assessment is integration of knowledge from different areas: electrical, chemistry, material.

2010

30

2010

31