MODES OF

TRANSPORT
Modes of Transport
 The modes of transport describes the way goods are
transported.
 There are basically five different modes;
* Rail * Road * Air
* Water * Pipeline * Multimodal
 Rail
 For heavy and large loads over long land journeys

Advantages Disadvantages
 Lowest overall cost per unit weight  Routes between fixed terminals
 Railway is the safest form of transport  They cannot stop at intermediary
 Can be most effective when linked points
into multimodal system  Rail transport cannot provide door to
door service
 Ineffective with small shipments

 Its inflexibility
 Trains can only travel along specified
 Road
 The most common mode of transport and it is used at least somewhere in
almost all supply chains.

Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Main benefit: flexibility
 Travel speed  For shorter distances
 Use extensive road networks  Vulnerable to congestion and
 Large number of carriers  traffic delays
working in the same areas  Dependence on fuel price
 Easy to monitor location of
goods

 These become relatively

expensive,so road transport
is
 Water
 It is used for big volumes for international traffic

Advantages
 For heavy and bulky goods Disadvantages
 For products with long lead times  Difficulty in monitoring
 Cheaper traffic means exact location
 Limited to appropriate
ports
 Transfers to ships take
time

 Longer lead/delivery times

and slow
 Air
 Urgent, perishable goods or high value are transported by air.

Advantages Disadvantages
 Speed of delivery  It is a costly transport
 Weight limits

 Transfers take time in the airport

 Pipeline

 The main uses of pipelines are oil and gas together with the utilities of water
and sewage.

Advantages Disadvantages

 Moving large quantities over long  Being slow

distances.  Inflexible
 Cheapest way of moving liquids  Only carrying large volumes of certain
 Local networks can add flexibility types of fluid
MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT

Refers to journeys that

involve two or more
different modes of
transport.
 Choice of Modes
* Choice of mode depends on a variety of factors.The main ones are the
nature of materials to move, the volume and distance.
TYPE OF
SPEED VOLUME SECURITY COST
GOODS
HIGHWAY High Low Media Low All

Commonly for
RAIL Media High High Media heavy and large
loads

Commonly for
WATER Low Very High High Low heavy and large
loads

urgent,
Very High Very High perishable
AIR Low High
goods or of
high value

MULTIMODAL High Media Media Media All

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 Funsi dan manfaat transportasi

Ceritakan dalam
Memahami Kelebihan
dan Kekurangan
Berbagai Moda dan
Jenis Alat Transportasi