Human

Development
 Introduction

• Each of us has his/her own way of looking at our own and other people's development. These
concepts of human development while obviously lacking in educational vitality, provide us with
conceptual framework to understand ourselves and others. Scholars have developed their own
theories about human development. They take a stand on human development issues, backed up by
solid research.
Human Development
• Human development is defined as the
process of enlarging people’s
freedoms and opportunities and
improving their well-being.  is a process of growth and change that
• Human Development is about the real
freedom ordinary people have to decide
who to be, what to do, and how to live. It
takes place between birth and maturity.
• Human growth is far from a straightforward and
consistent process of becoming taller or larger.
Shape, as well as tissue composition and
distribution, change as a child grows. The head
accounts for about a quarter of the total length of a
newborn infant and about one-seventh of the total
length of an adult. Growth is the formation of new
cells as well as the packing of more material into
already existing cells.
Issues in Human
Development 1 Nature Vs. Nurture

2 Continuity Vs. Discontinuity

3 Stability Vs. Change

Stability vs. Change
 Deals with the issue of wether or not
personality traits present during
infancy endure throughout the lifespan.
Stability vs. Change
 The stability-change debate describes the developmental psychology discussion about
whether personality traits that are present in an individual at birth remain constant or
change throughout the life span.

 For example, does a naturally extroverted and talkative baby remain that way for their
entire life? The stability vs. change debate is one of the fundamental questions in
developmental psychology along with nature vs. nurture. Typically cross-sectional and
longitudinal studies are used in research concerning stability vs. changes.
Stability vs. Change
Change Theorists – argue that personalities are modified by interaction with my
family, experiences at school, and acculturation.

 Studies of children have often revealed impressive stability over

time in aspects of development such as the attachment to their
parents or in personality.
However, there is evidence which suggest a contrary view, that
change is both possible and indeed, is likely under appropriate
conditions.
 What Factors are most prominent in
Personality Change?
Developmental psychologists agree that a person’s personality can be measured using five dynamic aspects.

These aspects of a personality are often known as the ‘big five’ and can be remembered using the acronym OCEAN.
 
They are: 

• Openness to experience. How open • Consientiousness. How responsible, • Extroversion. How much you enjoy
you are to new experiences or a organized and goal-directed you tend the company of others versus spending
situation change in your life. to be. Consientiousness also covers time alone.
how likely you are to follow rules.
What Factors are most prominent in
Personality Change?

• Agreeableness. How easily trust • Neuroticism. How susceptible you are

others and follow their advices. Is it to experienceing negative emotions,
your nature to lead or follow? including anger, irritability or anxiety.
• How easily are you triggered?
Stability vs. Change
 Freud is one of the first psychologist to emphasize
the critical nature of our early experiences for our
later development. He believed that how we resolve
our sexual and aggressive urges is strongly tied to
the nature of our personality as adults.
Psychoanalysts believe that personality traits
developed in the first 5 years predict adult
personality.
References:

https://prezi.com/nuahqipogaau/stability-vs-change/
https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+change+in+development&rlz=1C1VDKB
_enPH1010PH1010&oq=what+is+change+in+dev&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0i512j0i22i3
0l8.6352j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-
8
https://optimistminds.com/stability-vs-change/
https://www.coaching-online.org/stability-vs-change/#1_How_Do_You_Describe_Sta
bility_And_Change
https://www.britannica.com/science/human-development
https://measureofamerica.org/human-development/
https://www.scribd.com/presentation/481274619/CHAPTER-3-ISSUES-ON-HUMAN
-DEVELOPMENT