DISCIPLINE AND

IDEAS IN THE
APPLIED SOCIAL
SCIENCE

CHARLENE MAE G. GRACIAS

Subject Teacher
DISCIPLINES
OF SOCIAL
WORK
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JUST YOU AND ME

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I UNDERSTAND
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CHECK-UP
 SOCIAL WORK
The National Association of Social
Workers (NASW) in the US defined social
work as the professional activity of helping
individuals, groups, or communities
enhance or restore their capacity for social
functioning and creating societal conditions
favorable to the goal.
 GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK
1. The Goal on Caring
Caring is dubbed as the heart of social work, and it focuses on
the well-being or the welfare and comfort of the individual and
community. Goals in caring involve the enhancement of the quality
of life in prisons, the upgrading and humanizing services in nursing
homes and juvenile facilities, and the constant advancement of
care given to populations in need.
 GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK
2. The Goal on Curing
Curing refers to the aspect of treating people with problems in
social functioning. This covers a range of aiding techniques for
individuals, families, and groups.
Social functioning defines an individual's interactions with their
environment and the ability to fulfill their role within such environments as
work, social activities, and relationships with partners and family.
 GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK
2. The Goal on Curing
Techniques are composed of: (a) popular counseling approaches
comprising of transactional analysis, family therapy, gestalt family
therapy, behavior modification, and reality therapy, and (b)
unpopular approaches such as Rolfing therapy, psychomotor
therapy, and psychodrama.
 GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK
3. The Goal on Changing
Changing refers to the active participation of social workers in
social reforms. This goal comes from the perspective that there is
a resolution of poverty, environmental destruction, and social
disintegration.
 GOALS OF SOCIAL WORK
3. The Goal on Changing
It recognizes that the political, economic, and social structures
add in the worsening of social conditions. This reality puts the poor
and the needy in a more challenging situation which consequently
becomes a critical concern of social institutions and the social
work profession.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
Because of varied human problems, a widened scope and field
of social work also emerged from the scene. Child development,
medical social work, clinical social work, administrative and
management, social work, international social work, social work in
acute psychiatric hospital, and social work as community organizer
are some of the scopes of social work according to Lishman et al.,
2014.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
1. Social Work as a Primary Discipline
a. In terms of child welfare, social work offers adoption and
services to unmarried parents, foster care, residential care,
support in own home, and protective services.
b. In terms of family services, social work offers family counseling,
family life education, and family planning.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
1. Social Work as a Primary Discipline
c. In terms of income maintenance, social work offers public
assistance, social insurances, and other income maintenance
programs.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
2. Social Work as Equal Partners
a. In terms of aging, social work offers support for people in their
own homes and support for people in long-term care facilities.

b. In terms of community services, social work offers community

organization, community planning, and community development.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
2. Social Work as Equal Partners
c. In terms of youth and group services, social work offers
recreational and educational facilities such as YMCA and scouting
and settlement houses. Other activities such as crafts, sports,
camping, friendship groups, drama, music, informal counseling,
and other groups of participation are also provided for.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
2. Social Work as Equal Partners
d. In terms of mental health and retardation, social work refers to:
(a) initially, the institutionalizing of the victims through individual
treatment in hospitals;
(b) due to the influence of the family and community in the
improvement of the patient, the movement to deinstitutionalize by
bringing them to foster homes and residential care came into
fruition.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
Social workers are also present in correctional facilities. They
provide counseling and serve as the link to the outside world,
comprising of the family, potential employers, and the community
service network that will provide support upon release.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
a. In terms of industry, social workers act as a support to both the
managers and the employees of the companies. They make
themselves available to employees with social problems for
individual, family, and group counseling. They also provide
information to the managers as the basis for management
decisions that might have an impact on the social atmosphere in
the working environment.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
b. In terms of medical and health care, social workers attend to the
social and psychological factors that are contributing to the
medical condition of the patients. They also link patients with
community resources, provide necessary counseling, and link with
self-help groups.
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
c. In terms of schools, Lela Costin (as cited by Morales and
Sheafor, 1983) has identified seven (7) primary tasks of social
workers in schools:
 Facilitate the provision of direct educational and social services
and provide direct social casework and group work services to
selected students;
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
 Act as a pupil advocate, focusing on the urgent needs of the
selected group of students;
 Consult with school administrators’ major problems toward
which a planned service approach will be aimed;
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
 Consult with teachers about techniques for creating a climate
in which children are freed and motivated to learn by
interpreting social and cultural influences in the lives of
students, facilitating the use of peers to help a troubled child, or
assist in managing relationships in the classroom;
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
 Organize parent and community groups to channel concerns
about students and the school to improve school and
community relations,
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
 Develop and maintain liaison between the school and critical
fields of social work such as child welfare, corrections, mental
health, and legal services for the poor
 SCOPE OF SOCIAL WORK
3. Social Work as a Secondary Discipline
 Provide leadership in the coordination of interdisciplinary skills
among student services personnel such as guidance
counselors, clinic staff, psychologists, and attendant officers.
 PRINCIPLES OF
SOCIAL WORK
 Social work is based on respect for the inherent worth and
dignity of all people and it is cultivated by altruistic and democratic
principles.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
1. Acceptance
This involves respecting the clients as they are under any
circumstances and understands the meaning and causes of the client’s
behavior. This also means recognizing people’s strength and potentials,
weakness and limitation.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
2. Client's participation in problem-solving
Client is expected to participate in the process.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
3. Self-determination
Individual, groups and communities who are in need have the right
to determine their needs and how they should be met.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
4. Individualization
Understanding client’s unique characteristics and different methods
each client.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
5. Confidentiality
Client should be accorded with appropriate projection, within the
limits of the law, with no any harm that might result from the information
given to the social worker.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
6. Worker self-awareness
Social worker consciously examines her feelings, judgments,
biases, responses whether it is professionally motivated.
 PRINCIPLES OF
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
SOCIAL WORK
7. Client Worker Relationship
The client is in need of help in social functioning and the worker is in
the position to help.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
Cited by Mendoza (2002)

Core values, as a vital organizational component, play a significant

role in the organization. They serve as guiding principles that shape the
behavior and action of its members in interacting with their clients and
other people. Social work has its own core values----values that are
shared by the social work profession.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)

1. Right to self-fulfillment
Each person has the right to self-fulfillment which is derived from
his/her inherent capacity and thrust toward the goal.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)

2. Responsibility to common good

Each person has the responsibility as a member of the society to
seek ways of fulfillment that contribute to common good.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)

3. Responsibility of the society

The society has the responsibility to facilitate self-fulfillment of the
individual and the right to enrichment through the contribution of its
individual members.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)

4. Right to satisfy basic needs

Each person requires for the harmonious development of his
powers socially provided and socially safeguarded opportunities for
satisfying his/her basic needs in the physical, psychological, economic,
cultural, aesthetic, and spiritual realms.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
5. Social organizations required to facilitate individual’s effort
at self- realization
The notion that individual and society are interdependent provides a
perspectives that the society has the responsibility to provide
appropriate social resources, it is the right of the individual to promote
change in social resources that do not serve his/her need-meeting
efforts.
 CORE VALUES OF SOCIAL
WORK
by Friedlander (1985) and Biestek (1957) as Cited by Mendoza (2002)
6. Self-realization and contribution to society

To permit both self- realization and contribution to society by the

individual, social organization must make available socially-provided
devices for need-satisfaction as wide in range, variety, and quality as
the general welfare allows.
 Figure 1: Concepts
Implied in Values of
Social Work
developed by
Council on Social
Work Education