Geometric

Plane 1
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Shapes
Plane and Solid Geometry
 At the end of the lesson, you
should be able to:
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• Define the meaning and importance of a
polygon;

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• Differentiate concave and convex polygon;

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• Classify polygons based on its classification
(by the number of sides or measuring the
angles).
Polygon is part of our
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everyday life because

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we use things which
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are in any form or
shape.
 What is a Polygon?
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Comes from the Greek word “Poly” means many
and “gon” means angle.
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It is a two-dimensional shape formed with more
than three straight lines.
It is a plane figure where the sides are all line
segments.
The sides must be non-collinear and have a
common endpoint.
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many sides will be there in a

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polygon, it can possess infinite

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sides, they can have 10 sides or
more sides.
 Elements of a
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1 Polygon
• Side – one of the segments introduced above

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the bounds the surface of the polygon.

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• Apex/Vertex – point where two sides of the
polygon intersect.
• Diagonal – segment that connects two non
adjacent apexes/vertices.
• Angle – aperture of two adjacent segments
that meet in an apex/vertex.
 Example of a
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1 Polygons

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Note: It is formed only with a straight lines; if
any curved line is used to formed a close figure
then it will not be termed as a polygon.
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 Diagonals of Polygons
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Are line segments from one corner
to another (but no edges.)
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It is a line segment linking/joining
two non-adjacent vertices.
From any given vertex, there is no
diagonal to the vertex back to itself.
 Examples of Polygon
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1 Diagonals

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Diagonal

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Diagonal

Diagonal

Diagonal
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 What is a Convex
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1 Polygon?

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It has no angles pointing
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inwards.
Interior angles less than
180 degrees and all
diagonals stay outward the
figure.
 Examples of Convex
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1Polygon

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 Examples of Convex
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1 Polygon

In the adjoining figure of a
parallelogram there are four
interior angles i.e., ∠BAD,
∠ADC, ∠DCB and ∠CBA.
None of the four interior angles
is greater than equal to 180° and
no portion of the diagonals lies
in the exterior.
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In the adjoining figure of a
rectangle there are four
interior angles i.e.,
∠CBA, ∠DCB, ∠ADC
and ∠BAD. None of the
four interior angles is
greater than equal to 180°.
 What is a Concave
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1 Polygon?

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A polygon that has one or
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more interior angles greater
than 180 degrees.
The diagonals will lie
inside the polygon.
 Example of Concave
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1Polygon

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 Example of Concave
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1 Polygon

In the adjoining figure of a
hexagon there are six
interior angles i.e., ∠ABC,
∠BCD, ∠CDE, ∠DEF,
∠EFA and ∠FAB.  Among
the six interior angles,
∠CDE is greater than
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In the adjoining figure of a
quadrilateral there are four
interior angles i.e., ∠ABC,
∠BCD, ∠CDA and ∠DAB.
 Among the four interior
angles, ∠BCD is greater than
180°.
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n s o f
c a t io
a ssi fi 1
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C l g o n s
Po l y
 1. Classified by
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1 Measuring the Angles
• Regular Polygon-all the sides of angle

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are the same and all the interior angles are

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equal.
• Irregular Polygon-do not have equal
sides and measure of angles.
• Convex Polygon-interior angle is less
than 180 degrees. The vertices are always
outward.
 1. Classified by
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Measuring the Angles

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• Concave Polygon-at least one angle

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measures more than 180 degrees.

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• Quadrilateral Polygon-four sided or
with four angles.
• Pentagon Polygon-it consists of five
sides.
 2. Classified by
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1 Measuring the Sides
Name of Number of Shape

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Polygon Sides

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Triangle/Trigon 3

Quadrilateral/ 4
Tetragon
Pentagon 5
 2. Classified by
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1 Measuring the Sides
Name of Number of Shape

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Polygon Sides

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Hexagon 6

Heptagon 7

Octagon 8
 2. Classified by
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1 Measuring the Sides

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Name of Number of Shape

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Polygon Sides

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Nonagon 9

Decagon 10
 2. Classified by
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1 Measuring the Sides

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Name of Number of Shape

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Polygon Sides

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Hendecagon 11

Dodecagon 12
 2. Classified by
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1 Measuring the Sides
Name of Number of Shape

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Polygon Sides

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Triskaidecagon 13

Tetrakaidecago 14
n/Tetradecagon
Pentakaidecago 15
n/Pentadecagon
 References:
• https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/polygons.ht
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ml
• https://www.mathplanet.com/education/geometry/p

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oints,-lines,-planes-and-angles/polygons

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• https://www.skillsyouneed.com/num/polygons.html
• https://www.slideshare.net/mohamedattia12000200
0/polygon-presentation
• https://math.pppst.com/polygons.html
 Thank You!
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Worksheets will follow..