IT IS NOT THE TRUTH THAT MATTERS, BUT

VICTORY

IT IS NOT THE TRUTH THAT MATTERS, BUT

VICTORY

CONCENTRATION ~

CAMPS AND GAS

CHAMBERS
“IT IS NOT THE TRUTH THAT MATTERS, BUT VICTORY”
~ ADOLPHUS HITLER
 WHAT IS A CONCENTRATION
CAMP ?

• A concentration camp was a place in Germany in which large no. of people

• A concentration camp was a place in Germany in which large no. of people
especially political prisoners or members of persecuted minorities were
especially political
deliberately prisoners
imprisoned or members
in a relatively of area
small persecuted minoritiesfacilities.
with inadequate were
deliberately imprisoned in a relatively small area with inadequate facilities.
• It was a detention centre for Jews political prisoners and other perceived
• It was a detention centre for Jews political prisoners and other perceived
enemies of the Nazi state
enemies of the Nazi state
•• Death
Deathcamps
campsexisted
existedfor
forthe
thefor
solethe sole purpose
purpose of killing
of killing Jews andJews andundesirables
other other
undesirables in what became known as “HOLOCAUST”
what came to be known as “HOLOCAUST”
• What distinguishes
A feature a concentration
that distinguishes camp from
a concentration a prison
camp from isa prison
that it functions
is that it
outside
functions of aoutside
judicialofsystem
a judicial system
• During
Duringthe thefirst
firstSix
Sixyears
yearsofofthe
theNazi
NaziRegime,
Regime,1000
1000ofofGermans
Germanswere weredetained
detained
extra
legallylegally
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CONSULTANTS
ESTABLISHMENT OF CONCENTRATION CAMPS
AND THEIR PURPOSE
ESTABLISHMENT
• Nazi officials established the first concentration camp in
Dachau, on march 22nd 1933 for political prisoners.
• The concentration camps were administered by the
concentration camp minister
(CPI).

PURPOSE
• It was later used as a centralised concentration camp
system
• Its major purpose was to imprison the leaders of the
political, social, and cultural movements that the Nazis
percieved to be a threat to the survival of the regime. FIRST UP 3
CONSULTANTS
MAP OVERVIEW – HOLOCAUST IN OCCUPIED
POLAND

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CONSULTANTS
 WHAT IS A GAS CHAMBER ?

•• A Agasgaschamber,
chamber, is apparatus
is an an apparatus used for
for killing killing
humans or humans
other
animals
with gas withconsisting
gas consisting of a sealed
of a sealed chamber.
chamber.
•• Poisonous
Poisonous or or asphyxiant
asphyxiant gases
gases likelike hydrogen
hydrogen cyanide,
cyanide, carbon Insert or Drag & Drop your photo
dioxide
carbonand carbonand
dioxide monoxide
carbonwere introduced
monoxide wereinintroduced
the chamber. in
the chamber.
• These chambers were largely used during Holocaust ,mainly
• designed
These chambers were largely
for mass killing as a partused
of theduring Holocaust
genocide mainly
programme
designedshow
• Estimates for mass killing
that about as a partpeople
10,95,000 of thewere
genocide
killed in these
programme
chambers
• Estimates show that about 10,95,000 people were killed in
these chambers FIRST UP 5
CONSULTANTS
 HISTORY OF GAS
CHAMBERS

• Gas chambers were a method of executing condemned

prisoners by introducing poisonous gases into it.
• Gas Chambers were first adopted in the USA, in the state of Insert or Drag & Drop your photo
Nevada in 1921 in an effort to provide a more, humane form
of capital punishment. On February 1928 Gee Jon was the
first person to be executed by a gas chamber.
• When the Jews were killed by carbon monoxide and exhaust
fumes, it would take 40 minutes to kill the them
• Walter Dejaco designed and invented the Gas chambers and
cremation furnaces in Ausch Witz-Birkenau.
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CONSULTANTS
 DIET OF THE PRISONERS

• Half a litre of water with a substitute of coffee or tea in the morning .

• One litre of soup made of potatoes ,millets, rye flour and ‘Avo’ food extract
for dinner
• Soups were disgusting ,so it was for the prisoners to eat them Insert or Drag & Drop your photo
• 300gm of black bread for supper, with sausage ,margarine ,marmalade and
cheese.
• For first months, the water was available in kitchen barracks. The
prisoners didn’t have access it.
• There was humidity in barracks ,and lice and rats were a huge problems
for prisoners
• At least 1 million of Jews were killed in Auschwitz(only about 1,00,000 of
them were as registered prisoners.
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CONSULTANTS
 TRANSPORT USED

• People were transported to the camps usually by Holocaust

• People
Trains thatwere
were run by the
transported Deutsche
to the Reichsbanhn
camps usually national
by Holocaust
Trains
railway that were
system run the
under by the Deutsche
strict Reichsbanhn
supervision of thenational
German
Nazirailway system
and their under
Allies thethe
,for strict supervision
purpose of ofofforcible
the German Nazi
and their Allies
deportation of the,for theas
Jews purpose
well asof other
forciblevictims
deportation
of theof the
Jews as ,to
Holocaust wellthe
as other
German victims of the
Nazi Holocaust ,to,forced
concentration the German
labour
andNazi concentrationcamps
extermination camp ,forced labour and extermination
camps.
• Some
• Some of them were also transferred to the camps by trucks
of them were also transferred to the camps by trucks
• If• the camps
If the camps were
werenearby
nearby ,people travelledtoto
,people travelled their
their death
death on.
on foot
foot.
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CONSULTANTS
 STRUCTURE OF
CONCENTRATION CAMPS
STRUCTURE
Historians have divided the Nazi concentration camps into a series of major
categories based on administrative structure and population profiles
1. EARLY CAMPS
~Usually without proper infrastructure
~They were also called as “wild camps”
~They were a step up with a little supervision from higher authorities
2. STATE CAMPS
~They were guarded by SA; prototypes for the future SS concentration
camps with a total of 1,07,000 prisoners as early as 1935
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CONSULTANTS
3. HOSTAGE CAMPS
~ Also known as police prison camps where hostages were held
and were later killed in ‘REPRISAL ACTION’
4. LABOUR CAMPS
~ captives had to perform hand physical labour under inhumane Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

conditions and cruel treatment

~ They were sometimes called ‘SUBCAMPS’.
5. EXTERMINATION CAMPS Z

~ These camps differed from the rest , since not all of them
functioned as concentration camps

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CONSULTANTS
 AFTER EFFECTS

• Early symptoms of cyanide poisoning includes headache ,dizziness ,fast heart

rate ,shortness of breath and vomiting
• This may be then followed by seizures, slow heart rate ,low blood
pressure ,loss of consciousness, and cardiac arrest.
• A variety of symptoms included permanent paralysis ,nervous Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

lesions ,hypothyroidism . Some people also suffered mild liver and kidney
damages.
• In 1945, when allied troops entered the concentration camp they discovered
piles of copses, bones, and human ashes- testimony to Nazi mass murder.
• Soldiers also found thousands of Jewish and Non –Jewish survivors suffering
from starvation and disease.
• Only 11% of Jewish children survived the Holocaust. Most of them went into
hiding, but some managed to survive the concentration camps. There were 11
million people who died in the concentration camps FIRST UP 11
CONSULTANTS
 SOME FACTS TO KNOW !!!

• Polish officer Witold Pielcki was voluntarily

imprisoned at Auscwitz to gather intel
• The number of deaths at Auscwitz camp Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

exceeds the combined American and British

death toll in World War II
• 928 prisoners tried to escape from Auscwitz
in total ( 878 were men and 50 were
women). Among them ,the largest group
were Poles i.e 439 people out of which only
11 of them women FIRST UP 12
CONSULTANTS
Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

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CONSULTANTS
 QUESTION HOUR

WHO WAS THE

FIRST PERSON TO
Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

BE EXECUTED BY A
GAS CHAMBER ?
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CONSULTANTS
GEE JOHN Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

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CONSULTANTS
WHICH WAS THE
FIRST Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

CONCENTRATION
CAMP ?
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CONSULTANTS
DACHAU,
MARCH 22, Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

1933 FIRST UP
CONSULTANTS 17
NAME SOME OF THE
GASES USED IN
CONCENTRATION
Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

CAMPS ?
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CONSULTANTS
POISONOUS GASES LIKE
HYDROGEN CYANIDE,
CARBON DIOXIDE, AND Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

CARBON MONOXIDE WERE

INTRODUCED IN THE
CHAMBER
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CONSULTANTS
NAME THE TRAIN
THAT TRANSFERED
PEOPLE TO THE
Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

GAS CHAMBERS.
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CONSULTANTS
DEUTSCHE Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

REICHSBANHN
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CONSULTANTS
WHAT IS A
GAS Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

CHAMBER ? FIRST UP
CONSULTANTS 22
GAS CHAMBER IS AN
APPARATUS IN WHICH
HUMANS AND ANIMALS Insert or Drag & Drop your photo

WERE KLLED BY
INTRODUCING POISONOUS
GASES
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CONSULTANTS
 FIRST UP
CONSULTANTS

THANK YOU !
PRESENTATION EFFORTS BY,
• AISNA ANAND B.
• SUKRITI JAIN

MATTER COLLECTION
• AISNA ANAND B.
• AKANKSHA PADHI
• NANDINI SHARMA
• NISTHA GUPTA
• SUKRITI JAIN

24
WE WOULD ESPECIALLY LIKE TO
THANKS OUR CLASS TEACHER
WHO GAVE US THE SPECIAL
OPPORTUNITY TO SHARE NEW IDEAS
OF THE LIVES OF PEOPLE. WE
WOULD ALSO THANK HER FOR
PROVIDING US WITH INUMMERABLE
KNOWLEDGE.
THANK YOU MA’AM
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CONSULTANTS